Concepts in Computer Engineering http://arf.iyte.edu.tr/~bkumova/teaching/cs Dr Bora İ Kumova İzmir Institute of Technology; Department of Computer Engineering Operating Systems İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:53 Page 66/85
Computer: Architecture Computer SW Application1 ApplicationN OS HW İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 67/85
Computer: Architecture SW: data storing & processing application: user-oriented data, information & knowledge eg office applications; games; Internet applications OS: HW-oriented data & information eg Windows, Linux, Android, OS X HW: physical machinery; electrical devices; binary electronics İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 68/85
Computer: Architecture Computer SW Application1 ApplicationN Display Keyboard User OS Network PC HW RAM CPU Devices İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 69/85
Computer/Robot: Architecture Computer/Robot SW Application: Application: Natural Language Computer Language User Programmes Programmes Libraries Libraries OS Computer Language PC HW RAM CPU Devices: Harddisk, Display, Keyboard, Mouse, Camera, Mechatronics Actuators Sensors Physical Objects İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 70/85
OS: Components Computer SW Application1 ApplicationN OS Desktop Management Memory Task File Device Management Management Management Management Security HW Devices: RAM CPU Harddisk, Display, Keyboard Mouse, Camera, Network İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 71/85
OS: Components memory management: RAM organisation & access task management: process scheduling; CPU sharing file management: HD organisation & access device management: device drivers desktop management: windowing; user interfacing security: memory & process protection İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 72/85
OS: Memory Management allocation: memory segmentation eg paging protection: process access area eg segmentation fault organisation: process memory physical: RAM; pages virtual: HD; swap partition; process size swap: move between physical-virtual memory physical-to-virtual: if RAM full HD 1. Run/ Application1... Load ApplicationN 2. Suspend/ ProcessN Swap 3. Run/ Load virtual-to-physical: if process scheduled for running Swap Process1 RAM İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 73/85
OS: Task Management process: running application states: scheduled for running: executing task suspended: waiting for scheduler blocked: waiting for input stopped: overwrite in RAM task: scheduled process time slice multi tasking: many tasks sharing few CPUs CPU sharing: CPU shared in time İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 74/85
OS: Task Management Task1 Process1... TaskK1 Task1 ProcessN... TaskKn Schedule Schedule Sample Schedule Task1.1... TaskN.1 Task1.2... TaskN.2... TaskNK1 Execute CPU İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 75/85
OS: File Management HD HD organisation: storage organisation partitioning: logical HD formatting: directory system; tree directory: directories; files; links swap: processes access: directory & file Partition1 Partition2 Partition3 Swap C: D: user: owner group: user list attribute: read; write; execute Directory Directory File File Directory Directory File File İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 76/85
OS: Device Management device: specialised HW; computing tool driver: firmware; operating software eg camera; network; speaker; microphone; touch pad İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:54 Page 77/85
OS: Desktop Management desktop: user working area; multiple user tasks session: login-interactions-logout interaction: user input; application output window: application working area eg OS: memory; task; file; device eg application: internet browser; editor; zipping; media player icon: graphically minimised window menu: application commands task bar: installed applications status bar: desktop & application status İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 13:03 Page 78/85
Conclusion objective: HW operation & user friendliness components: maintainability & portability İYTE; Concepts in Computer Engineering; 05/12/13; Dr Bora İ Kumova 09:53 Page 79/85