Carbon Footprinting of Information Technology Products based on ISO standards Corporate Quality 1 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Content Introduction Standards Approach Results Limitations Conclusions 2 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Example of Tender Questions (UK, 2010) 28.1 Do you record your carbon emissions during the manufacturing process? 28.2 provide a breakdown of the emissions produced. 28.3 Do you know your current operational carbon footprint? 28.4 state what it is. 28.5 What are you doing to reduce your current operational carbon footprint?. 30.1 Do you know your current carbon footprint within disposal? 30.1.1 state what it is. 30.10 Do you know the amount of energy needed to dispose of the product(s)? 30.11 state the amount of energy needed. 3 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
PRIMERGY Server Innovation Boost Seven principal topics have been identified & ranked resulting in 19 areas for differentiation Need for optimized environmentconscious footprint 1 2 3 60 pages internal report available! 4 5 6 7 Environmental Conscious Footprint ranked No. 2 of 7 Topics! 4 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Content Introduction Standards Approach Results Limitations Conclusions 5 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Standards for Product Carbon Footprints GHG protocol: Initiative by the World Resources Institute and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development Standard for accounting on product level under development ISO 14040/44: Method to assess environmental impact potentials ISO 14067: International standard for Carbon Footprint of Products PAS 2050: Publicly Available Specification (PAS) for assessing the life cycle emissions of goods and services ILCD Handbook: provides guidance on good practice of LCA Carbon Disclosure Project: supports the disclosing of GHG emissions 6 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Content Introduction Standards Approach Results Limitations Conclusions 7 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Life Cycle Sectors from cradle to grave Raw material Chassis, power supply unit, processor, memory, hard disk, optical disk, Mainboard components and printed circuit board Keyboard, mouse, cable, manuals, packaging Assembly Mainboard assembly in Augsburg Desktop/Server assembly in Augsburg Distribution Pre-products from China to Augsburg by ship or airplane Product from Augsburg to distribution center or customer Product from customer to recycling center Paderborn 2 Pre-products, supplies, energy, transports, etc. 1 Use phase Lifetime of 5 years in Germany (German energy mix) Power consumption similar to ENERGY STAR (desktop) and SPECpower (server) Recycling/ Disposal Manual disassembly in Paderborn 8 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Life Cycle Assessment Project with bifa Pre-products, supplies, energy, transports, etc. Raw Raw Disposal/ Assembly material Assembly Distribution Distribution Use Use phase Disposal/ phase material Recycling Recycling Air emissions, water emissions, waste, co-products etc. Impact Category Explanation in English German Greenhouse effect climate change Treibhauseffekt Acidification acidic rain Versauerung, Saurer Regen Terrestrial eutrophication Aquatic eutrophication over-fertilization of soils by atmospheric emissions over-fertilization of water bodies by atmospheric and water emissions Terrestrische Eutrophierung, Überdüngung Aquatische Eutrophierung, Überdüngung Photochemical oxidant formation ozone smog Fotochemische Oxidantienbildung, (Ozon-Smog oder Sommer-Smog) Fossil cumulative energy demand consumption of fossil fuels Fossiler kumulierter Energieaufwand Human toxicity toxic damage to man and organisms Humantoxizität Desktop Fujitsu ESPRIMO E9900 and Server Fujitsu PRIMERGY TX/RX 300 S5 Eco toxicity toxic damage to organisms and ecosystems Ökotoxizität 9 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Critical Review Desktop Fujitsu ESPRIMO E9900 and Server Fujitsu PRIMERGY TX/RX 300 S5 10 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Content Introduction Standards Approach Results Limitations Conclusions 11 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Product Configuration Desktop PC Fujitsu ESPRIMO E9900 Intel Core i5-670 Processor 2 x 2 GB DDR3 Memory 250 GB Hard Disc Optical Drive Supermulti Nvidia Geforce 9500 GS Graphics Card Operating System Keyboard Mouse 12 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Greenhouse Effect (Carbon Footprint) kg CO 2 equivalents Analysis for Desktop PC Fujitsu ESPRIMO E9900 / 5 years (Germany) 800 700 600 500 Use Phase Transport/Distribution Assembly 373 kg CO 2 e 34 kg CO 2 e 3 kg CO 2 e 400 300 200 100 0-100 Raw Materials 302 kg CO 2 e Mainboard 90 kg CO 2 e 2 Memory 72 kg CO 2 e Graphic card 36 kg CO 2 e Power Supply Unit 32 kg CO 2 e Credit Recycling -7 kg CO 2 e NET RESULT 705 kg CO 2 e With 52% the use phase has the lion share of the total footprint in Germany. For comparison: 4,400 km drive with a car (160 g/km) 13 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
kg CO 2 equivalents Greenhouse Effect Country specific Desktop PC Fujitsu ESPRIMO E9900 / 5 years (Germany) 800 600 400 200 0-200 Use phase in Germany (base scenario) Use phase in Europe Use phase in Great Britain Use phase in France Use phase in Scandinavia Raw Materials Assembly Transport/Distribution Use Phase Disposal/Recycling Energy mix Coal & Lignite Natural gas Nuclear power Waste Hydropower Wind power Germany 47% 12% 26% 2.3% 3.5% 4.3% 1.0% Europe 28% 18% 29% 1.2% 16% 1.8% 1.1% Great Britain 32% 40% 19% 0.4% 1.9% 0.5% 1.0% France 4% 3% 77% 0.6% 11% 0.1% 0.2% Scandinavia 9% 6% 26% 0.8% 48% 2.1% 4.8% Source: bifa environmental institute Differences in the use phase are caused by the different energy mixes in the countries Wood 14 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Greenhouse Effect Transport specific kg CO 2 equivalents Desktop PC Fujitsu ESPRIMO E9900 / 5 years 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0-100 Base scenario Transport by airplane only Transport by ship only Raw Materials Assembly Transport/Distribution Use Phase Disposal/Recycling The transport by airplane leads to higher environmental pollution 15 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Product Configuration Server Fujitsu PRIMERGY RX/TX 300 S5 Intel Xeon E5520 4C/8T 2.26 GHz 8 MB 1 x 4 GB DDR3-1066 PC3-8500 rg ECC Hard Disc SAS 3G 146 GB 15K HOT PLUG 3.5" EP RAID 0/1 SAS based on LSI MegaRAID 8Port PCIe Card DVD-RW Supermulti 1.6" SATA (TX300) Rack Mount Kit Server (RX300) RX 300 TX 300 16 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Greenhouse Effect (Carbon Footprint) kg CO 2 equivalents PRIMERGY TX 300/RX 300 S5 / 5 years (Germany), Typical workload of 30% 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 TX 300 Use Phase 3,225 kg CO 2 e Transport/Distribution 57 kg CO 2 e Assembly 11 kg CO 2 e Raw Materials 490 kg CO 2 e Mainboard 192 kg CO 2 e Chassis 130 kg CO 2 e Power Supply Unit 53 kg CO 2 e Credit Recycling -15 kg CO 2 e 1000 500 NET RESULT 3,767 kg CO 2 e 0-500 TX 300 RX 300 RX 300 NET RESULT 3,854 kg CO 2 e With nearly 90% the use phase has by far the largest share of the total footprint in Germany. For comparison: 24,000 km drive with a car (160 g/km) 17 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Greenhouse Effect Workload Specific kg CO 2 equivalents Fujitsu PRIMERGY TX 300 S5 / 5 years 4500 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Workload 10% Workload 20% Workload 30% Worldload 50% Workload 100% -500 (base scenario) Raw Materials Assembly Transport/Distribution Use Phase Disposal/Recycling Optimize the workload of servers 18 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
General Statements 1 Demand for sustainable products has grown significantly 2 ISO 14040/44 provide a solid basis for calculating CO 2 footprints of goods and services 3 4 5 6 Availability of common international standards & data bases is required to allow comparisons of footprints & labels PCF increases awareness of climatic relevance of a product or service LCA & PCF projects support a good transparency along the entire life value chain to identify potential for reduction of emissions High efforts are necessary today to analyze and calculate LCA & PCF for ICT products 19 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Lessons Learnt by the PCF Project 1 Improve the energy efficiency of the products 2 Provide information for users to reduce the energy consumption in use phase 3 4 5 6 Optimize main memory & graphics configuration Optimize the workload of servers Communicate suppliers their possibilities to reduce environmental loads Assemble close to the end user Use power management Screen off: 15 min Standby: 30 min 20 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Content Introduction Standards Approach Results Limitations Conclusions 21 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
PCF What is possible and what not? Possible Transparency from cradle to grave Find emission reduction opportunities Show improvements Not possible PCF as Single indication for environmental aspect Comparison of Carbon Footprint at point of sales Exact and comparable values 22 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Content Introduction Standards Approach Results Limitations Conclusions 23 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
Conclusions PCF projects are an important step on a long road to comparable emission calculations of ICT products Helpful insights are possible throughout the complete value chain for identification of e.g.: Optimized use of energy and material Reduction of transport emissions Development and provision of energy-efficient power supply units Optimal configuration Reuse and recycling of components Further guidance and standardization is necessary for Methodology and Data bases 24 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU
25 Copyright 2011 FUJITSU