Programme Ouest Africain de Gestion Intégrée de la Production et des Déprédateurs Pan African Conference on Cotton Cotonou, June 211 CHALLENGES IMPROVING COTTON PRODUCTION AND FARMER INCOME THROUGH INTEGRATED PRODUCTION AND PEST MANAGEMENT Anne-Sophie Poisot, FAO Plant Production and Protection Division Gabriel Diasso, National Coordinator for Burkina Faso, FAO IPPM Programme and EU-AAACP Programme CHALLENGES for seed cotton production in Africa Low yields, mostly rainfed Soil fertility Inappropriate use of toxic pesticides and other inputs Inputs expensive Extension and research underfunded Low prices. West Africa: weak dollar to Euro/CFA = Low farmer income from cotton = Sharp decrease in surfaces and volumes, negatively impacting competitiveness WHY IPPM? OBJECTIVE: Promote sustainable intensification of cotton production systems through capacity development on Integrated Production and Pest Management (IPPM) in West Africa RATIONALE Improve production efficiency to increase income and keep cotton attractive Indirectly supports competitiveness (ginners cannot reach break-even point with low volumes) Decrease toxic pesticide use to improve income, environment & health Diversification for income & environment
CONTRIBUTING TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STRATEGIES EU-Africa Cotton Action plan 24 Recommendations 3.B.3 «support technological innovations for soil fertility management, productivity and reduction of pesticide use»; and 2.3.2 strengthen capacities of farmer organisations to manage critical functions in the sub-sector» APPROACH Action Framework for EU-Africa cotton Partnership 21 Result III.B.3 "Soil fertility is improved and the use of pesticides in the cotton growing areas is reduced, thus contributing to a more sustainable and more rewarding production NATIONAL & REGIONAL STRATEGIES APPROACH TRAINING CONTENT Partnerships: ginners, farmer orgs, gov, extension,research Capacity development through learning-by-doing 696 trainers from the above partners trained (season-long, classroom and field) 3,1 farmers trained through season-long Farmer FieldSchool in Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali and Senegal Regular evaluation and monitoring Awareness raising, communication Integration in policies and programmes Funding: Netherlands, EU AAACP Programme, PAFCOT, BCI, cofinancing from Sodefitex, CMDT, governments... Integrated Production and Pest Management IPPM: non chemical pest management, beneficial insects, soil fertility, pesticide management and risks... Integrated production systems : cotton, maize, leguminous crops, animal husbandry (Burkina, Benin) Cotton quality Production costs, gross margins, comparisons Group dynamics
Learning by doing through Farmer Field schools PARTNERS 25 farmers meet 1/week with a facilitator to grow a conventional plot and IPPM plot season long Agroecosystem analysis Training of facilitators Benin:Ministère de l Agriculture de l Elevage et de la Pêche (MAEP). Chambre Nationale d Agriculture. Association de l Interprofession cotonnière (AIC). Conseil National des Producteurs de Coton du Bénin (CNPCB), Institut National des Recherches Agricoles du Bénin INRAB. Organisation Béninoise pour la Promotion de l Agriculture Biologique (OBEPAB). Burkina Faso:Union Nationale des Producteurs de Coton du Burkina (UNPC-B). Association Interprofessionnelle du Coton du Burkina (AICB, cotton sector association). Ministère de l Agriculture, de l Hydraulique et des Ressources Halieutiques. INERA (national research). Confédération Paysanne du Faso (CPF). Bureau National de Coordination des Chambres Régionales d Agriculture (federation of farmers organisations). = develop skills and decision making capacity Experimenting Group decisions Mali: Office de la Protection des Végétaux (OPV) and Direction Nationale de l Agriculture (DNA) (Ministère de l Agriculture). Office de la Haute Vallée du Niger (OHVN), Compagnie Malienne de Développement du Textile (CMDT, ginner). Assemblée Permanente des Chambres d agriculture du Mali (APCAM). Union Nationale des Sociétés Coopératives de Producteurs Agricoles (UN-SCPC). IFDC. Programme d Appui à la Filière Coton Textile (PAFICT). NGOs. African Obsoletes Pesticides Stockpiles Programme Senegal:Société de Développement des Fibres Textiles (SODEFITEX), Direction de l Agriculture (Ministère de l Agriculture), Fédération nationale des Producteurs de Coton (FNPC), Fédération Yakar Niany Wouly (organic cotton), NGO ENDA PRONAT. FFS AGRONOMIC RESULTS RESULTS Kg/ha 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 Cotton Yield in west Africa (21-211) 35% 55% 39% 156 142 136 1158 941 92 Mali Burkina Benin Farmer practice IPPM mesurer la qualité des légumes GIPD, Bamako, Avril 29
FFS AGRONOMIC RESULTS PESTICIDES - SOIL FERTILITY Kg/ha 25 2 15 1 5 1333 Yield - others crops (21-211) 59% 38% 2116 268 Burkina 152 36% 181 793 Benin Maize Farmer practice Maize IPPM Soja Farmer practice Soja IPPM 5. 4.5 4. 3.5 3. 2.5 2. 1.5 1..5 Mali Cotton Production After FFS vs without FFS n=65 Pesticide Quantity L/ha Organic Amendments Kg/ha No FFS After FFS 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 Source: Independent evaluation in 65 villages in Mali before and after FFS, 28 5 No FFS After FFS FFS ECONOMIC RESULTS Economics of Cotton in Mali 21-211 93% 2, 179,46 fcfa/ha 15, 1, 5, - -23% 81,35 62,564-71% 24,57 7,138 92,736 Production costs Protection costs Gross Margin FP IPPM
FFS ECONOMIC RESULTS UPTAKE IN STRATEGIES & POLICIES fcfa/ha 2, 15, 1, 5, - Gross margins/ha in Burkina 21-211 184% 183% 139,918 152,121 49,222 53,758 Cotton Maize FP IPPM CMDT Mali 211 report necessity for CMDT to mainstream the IPPM approach SODEFITEX Senegal 211 report generalize the FFS approach in the cotton production area UNPCB in Burkina IPPM in 5-year strategic plan; GAP/IPPM Promotion Unit Mali : IPPM and FFS part of extension strategy of DNA Burkina: FFS a pillar of new extension strategy IMPACT EVALUATION UNDERWAY ELEMENTS FOR ROAD MAP Promote Farmer Field Schools and other experiential training approaches as a powerful tool to improve production and empower farmers Promote research and dissemination of results on IPPM and soil fertility management Develop and disseminate improved and adapted highyield cotton seed varieties Improve cotton quality through the chain, starting with training and equipment of farmers Support diversification of cotton systems Thank you!