Sapphire Touch Performance and Design Guidelines for Display Cover Screens

Agenda Overview of sapphire and its basic properties Growth methodologies Crystal properties Sapphire material testing data Third party testing results New markets for sapphire cover screens Building the supply chain for high volume applications 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 2

The Sapphire Solution Sapphire Material Scratchproof Superior impact resistance Superior mechanical strength Outperforms glass alternatives Design-In High strength solutions designed around application Enhanced touch sensitivity Optimized performance taking advantage of different sapphire orientations. Fabrication Engineering Development of processes and consumables for low cost sapphire manufacturing Development of processes for high strength windows. Supply Chain Large install volume of sapphire manufacturers Downstream fabrication for mobile cover screen manufacturing evolving 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 3

What is Sapphire Sapphire is a single crystal Al 2 O 3 (Alumina) It is transparent, however can be made to practically any color when combined with other materials It is manufactured in high volume and sizes of over 280lbs m a m r a m n n Its main industrial applications are currently HB-LED substrates, aerospace, armor, photonics, dental, lasers. a m a C R s m a m a 2013 GTAT Corporation All rights reserved. 4

GT s Expanding Product Portfolio Broadest range of sapphire production equipment Sapphire growth technologies ASF, KY, EFG Growth method tailored for end application KY ASF EFG Sapphire inspection tools Improves yields and quality of material entering downstream production Automated sapphire inspection Sapphire annealing furnace Key technology for production of sapphire cover screens Annealing furnace 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 5

Sapphire is Highly Durable and Scratch-Resistant Unscratchable by commonly found materials Moh's Hardness Common Items 10 Diamond 9 Sapphire 8 Alon, Spinel 7 Granite, Gorilla Glass, Dragontrail, Xensation, Sand 6 Float Glass, Steel 5 Knife, Keys, Copper, Concrete 4 Gold 3 Salt, Fingernail 2 Plastic, Marble 1 Talcum Powder 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 7

Crystal Properties Vary by Orientation Designers Can Leverage Orientation for Improved Device Performance c Face Plane Hardness (kg/mm 2 ) Flexural Strength Face (MPa) Flexural Strength Edge (MPa) Flexure Strength Dielectric Field Shape Dielectric Constant (ɛ) Fabrication Cost c 2200 1035 1540 isotropic isotropic 11.5 lowest a 1800 1540 1035 anisotropic anisotropic 9.3 normal m 1800 1540 1035 anisotropic anisotropic 9.3 normal Protected edge design; a & m planes strongest flexural strength of face Exposed edge design; c-plane strongest edges hardest surface highest dielectric constant even mechanical strength in all directions even dielectric field source: http://www.cidraprecisionservices.com/products-services-crystalline-sapphire.html 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 8

ASF Sapphire vs. Gorilla Glass GT Sapphire Outperformed Gorilla Glass in Mechanical Strength Ring-on-Ring (Flexure Strength) Unscratched ASF sapphire is 1.4X stronger than unscratched GGII. Scratched ASF sapphire is 2.3X stronger than scratched GGII. Unscratched ASF sapphire is 3.1X stronger than scratched GGII. Impact Unscratched ASF sapphire is 2.2X stronger than unscratched GGII. Scratched ASF sapphire is 5.3X stronger than scratched GGII. Unscratched ASF sapphire is 8.1X stronger than scratched GGII. Material Gorilla Glass II GT ASF Instron Impact Test Sample Profile Ring on Ring Test Average Failure Load (N) Impact Test Average Failure Load (N) Unscratched 1482.1 717.4 Diamond Scratched 672.5 198.1 Unscratched 2065.2 1609.5 Diamond Scratched 1539.4 1059.8 *3 rd party, independent testing results Instron Ring-on-Ring Test Sapphire outperformed GG2 on all mechanical strength tests. 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 9

Dielectric Constant Sapphire s dielectric constant is 30 to 60% higher than glass. Cover Screen Material Dielectric Constant strengthened glass 7.2 a & m-plane sapphire 9.4 c-plane sapphire 11.5 Drive Electrode Receive Electrode Drive Buffer Collected Charge a & m-plane dielectric constant is 30% higher than glass. c-plane dielectric constant is 60% higher than glass. The capacitive field is 155% stronger for the same distance through c- plane sapphire than through the same distance of strengthened glass. 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 10

Dielectric Constant Test Results Sapphire s dielectric constant allows for optimized touch sensitivity touch measurement Evaluation performed on a film-based laminated touch sensor. In actual touch performance testing, sapphire signal strength was 42% higher than for GG2. GG2 ASF Sapphire 1 1,448 2,170 2 1,507 1,870 3 1,274 2,230 4 1,632 2,290 5 1,374 1,930 6 1,440 2,330 7 1,625 2,245 8 1,692 1,912 9 1,632 2,339 average 1,514 2,146 SD 141 189 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 11

GT Will Enable High Volume, Low Cost Supply Increasing capacity delivering low cost cover screens Supply-Chain Development Large install volume of sapphire manufacturers Downstream fabrication facilities moving towards higher volume manufacturing Conversion of glass fabrication to sapphire fabrication Upgrade and conversion of HB- LED manufacturing Greenfield sapphire cover screen factories 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 12

Wide Range of Applications for Sapphire Sapphire delivers superior performance Industrial and hazardous environment Commercial and construction Sensor windows Impact resistant devices Field and military devices OEM Smartphones POS / Retail Factory Automation Enterprise Electronics Laser and Optical Scanners Ruggedized Devices Emergency Response Electronics ATM/ Financial Taxi and Casino Displays Information Kiosks 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 13

Enabling High Volume Consumer Applications Sapphire is ideal for mobile applications Camera Covers Smartphones and tablets Watches Replacement Screens, Screen Protectors 2013 GTAT Corporation. All rights reserved. 14