Energy efficient buildings: The Swiss experience Chennai, October 7 th, 2010 Heinrich Gugerli, Head Sustainable Building Group heinrich.gugerli@zuerich.ch www.stadt-zuerich.ch/nachhaltiges-bauen
City of Zurich Building Department Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 2
Energy efficient buildings are a key to sustainable development Society Architecture Land Use Mobility Standard of Living/ Health Society Cultural Heritage Economy Buildings Financing / Investment Maintenance Costs Building materials Energy Soils/Landscapes Infrastructure Future Generations Environment Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 3 Source: Recommendation SIA 112/1
Content 1. Swiss Energy Policy: 30 years experience 2. 2000-Watt Society: From Science to Politics 3. MINERGIE: Swiss Low-Energy Standard 4. Swiss Cities: Front-runners for Sustainable Building Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 4
1. SWISS ENERGY POLICY: 30 YEARS EXPERIENCE Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 5
General framework: Swiss federal and cantonal governments Federal government: Legislation: Energy and CO 2 law Recommendations for electrical appliances, motors and vehicles EnergieSchweiz : program for energy efficiency and renewables Promotion program (including subsidies) States (Cantons): Building Regulations (Master Code) Introduction of advanced efficiency standards in the building field Promotion program Consulting centres Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 6
Tasks of municipalities: City of Zurich Energy supply (power, gas, district heating) Municipal and energy planning Enforcement of the state energy legislation Information and promotion (e.g. Energy Coaching Program for private owners and design teams) Achieve impact by setting an example for public administration (Program 7 Mile Steps) Transportation policy: separate implementation within the framework of modern mobility culture Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 7
Driving Forces towards energy efficiency in buildings Federal Programs Energy Cities Regulation, Enforcement 2000-Watt-Society Public investors Push Education Pilot projects Pull Investor MINERGIE Industry Codes Research Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 8
2. 2000-WATT SOCIETY: FROM SCIENCE TO POLITICS Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 9
2000-Watt-Society / City of Zurich Milestones 1998 Swiss Federals Institute of Technology (ETH) Sustainability Strategy 2001 Foundation of Novatlantis Sustainablity in the ETH Domain 2004 Technical Feasability White Book 2006 Zürich City council Agenda 2006 2010 Zurich on the way to the 2000-Watt Society 2008 2000-Watt Society in Zurich City Constitution Popular vote on November 30 th 2008: 76% Yes! 2010 Competence Center Federal Program for Energy Cities Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 10
Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 11
Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 12
Fair Redistribution of Energy Resources: The 2000-Watt-Society Watt per person 2000 1960 Industrialised countries: 6000-12000 Watt. A small part of the population consumes most of the energy resources. Goal for 2050: 50 % Reduction of Fossil Energy by 2050 1to CO2 500 India China World Switzerland Western Europe USA Stadt Stadt Zurich Zurich Amt für Hochbauten Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 13
2000-W-Society: Contribution of Buildings Home Offices Schools e.g., Industry Building and construction Transportation Heating / Cooling Warm water Light and appliances Building Operation Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 14
Relevance of Construction and Transportation SIA 2040 Guideline value (residential) Operation Construction Transportation New Retrofit New Retrofit New Retrofit Primary energy Total Primary energy Non renewable Greenhouse gas Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 15
Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 16
From Science to Political Program Konstanz, Singen, Überlingen, Radolfszell Friedrichshafen, Schaffhausen, Feldkirch S-chanf Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 17
City of Zurich: Strategy energy supply Wind power Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 18 District heating: Biomass Power Plant
City of Zurich: Transportation system for the 2000-Watt-Society Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 19
City of Zurich: European energy award gold for best practice energy policy Spatial planning Municipal buildings, facilities Supply, disposal Mobility Internal organisation Communication, cooperation eea gold min 75 % Total Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 20 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
3. MINERGIE : SWISS LOW-ENERGY STANDARD Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 21
The MINERGIE History Milestones 1997 MINERGIE -Standard residential/offices 1998 MINERGIE Association 1998 MINERGIE-Modules walls, roofs 2002 MINERGIE-Standard for all building types 2002 MINERGIE-P 2003 Quality assurance system 2006 MINERGIE-ECO 2007 MINERGIE-Modules building equipment, Lighting 2009 Renewed standards and requirements 2011 MINERGIE-A, MINERGIE-ECO retrofit Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 22
MINERGIE Swiss voluntary sustainable building standard Registered trade mark, internationally protected Different building types, new & retrofit of buildings constructed in the year 2000 or earlier Non-profit association, anchored in regulatory & corporate world, founded 1998 Requirements regarding energy demand, comfort and economy Performance based, energy & comfort a must Comparatively simple in implementation and low cost in certification Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 23
MINERGIE Building Standards -80% + Minergie A (Near Zero Energy) Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 24
More Quality of Life, less Environmental Impact MINERGIE ECO Comfort Health Light Quality of Life High thermal comfort Summer heat protection Systematic air change Best daylighting conditions Good noise protection Low indoor air pollution Noise Indoor Air Environmental Impact Energy efficiency 25 to 50% less energy consumption Fossile energy consumption at least 50% below average building standard. Building materials No scarce resources Low environmetal impact of materials and production Simple ways of deconstruction and high grade of recycling Resources Production Deconstruction Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 25
NE-001-ECO Federal Agency for Statistics Neuchâtel Architects: Bauart, Bern 15.12.2010 Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 26
MINERGIE : World s highest market penetration Number of MINERGIE-Buildings 16 000 14 000 MINERGIE: 25% of new buildings in CH 12 000 10 000 8 000 6 000 Average building size 1000m 2 of heated floor area 4 000 2 000 0 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 27
MINERGIE Brand Strategy Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 28
6. SWISS CITIES: FRONT-RUNNERS FOR SUSTAINABLE BUILDING Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 29
Program 7-Mile Steps Guidance for municipalities to go beyond regulation for public buildings Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 30
Program 7-Mile Steps Basic level 1. MINERGIE-ECO-Standard for new buildings (ECO Mile step # 5) 2. MINERGIE-modernisation for refurbished buildings (1 st priority) 4. Renewable Energy New buildings 40% 5. Choose environmentally sound and healthy materials 6. Environmental Sustainability is criteria in competitions. 2000 Watt/Top level MINERGIE-P-ECO MINERGIE for new buildings or MINERGIE-P 100% of heat demand plus embodied energy energy efficient transportation Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 31
1. New Buildings City Hospital Triemli New Patients building Stadt Stadt Zurich Zurich Amt für Hochbauten Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 32 2000 Watt-Society
2000-Watt City Hospital Triemli Greenhouse gas emissions Tons per year New patients building Renewable energy supply New useage high rise building Replacement of employee appartments Renewal of Maternité (Birth Center) Refurbishment Electricity from renewable energy sources 2000 Watt path Effektiv Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 33
2. Existing building stock: largest saving potential kwh/m 2 a Specific Energy consumption 200 150 100 50 0 0 before 1920 1920-1975 MINERGIE - Refurbishment Heated floor area (ex. Switzerland) 1976-80 1980-85 1986-90 1991-97 Year of construction 100 Prognosis 30 Y. Newbuild 130% CH code 2009 MINERGIE picture: www.minergie.ch Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 34
Replacement housing project Werdwies Non-profit housing Architects: Adrian Streich Stadt Stadt Zurich Zurich Amt für Hochbauten Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 35
Transition period: Social workers counsel 650 tenants Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 36
Comprehensive renewal of residential complex Residential complex Heuried Architects: Adrian Streich Stadt Stadt Zurich Zurich Amt für Hochbauten Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 37
Administration centre "Werd" Refurbishment Architects: Burkhalter Sumi City Stadt of Zürich Zurich Center Amt for für Sustainable HochbautenConstruction Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 38
Multifunctional ceiling appliances : Unit for 4 functions Concrete Concrete Radiation Room heating via radiation Cooling with cold water Concrete Concrete Thermal activation of the concrete ceiling Sound absorption surface Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 39
Office in administration centre Werd Ceiling appliances and floor lamps City Stadt of Zürich Zurich Center Amt for für Sustainable HochbautenConstruction Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 40
3. Efficient use of electrical power MINERGIE floor lamps: City of Zurich launches competition in the market 18 winner lamps in the competition www.topten.ch Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 41
5. Health and Environmental Impact Residential compex Brunnenhof Architects: Gigon Guyer Stadt Zürich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 42
No chemical pollutants in building construction! Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 43
91 % recycling rate in deconstruction Recycling concrete for all new buldings Stadt Zürich Green sia Umsicht Building Congress Chennai, Wohnsiedlung 07.10.2010, Werdwies page 44
6. Sustainability criteria in architectural competitions and study assignments Extension Kunsthaus Zurich Archiects: David Chipperfield Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 45 2000-Watt Society design
Sustainability in architectural competitions City of Zurich 1998 2006 70 Specific energy consumption [kwh/m 2 ] 60 50 40 30 20 MINERGIE-P MINERGIE 10 0 1998 2006 19 architectural competitions for 2000 appartments Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 46
Conclusion In Switzerland during the last 30 years Push- (Regulation) and Pull-Strategies (Minergie, 2000-Watt-Society) have been successfully combined to improve energy-efficiency and sustainability of buildings. The 2000-Watt-Society has become a major driving force in Swiss Energy Policy. The Vote in the City of Zurich had a signal effect. MINERGIE has suceeded to create a market for highperformance buildings. Several public investors are front-runners for energyefficient and sustainable buildung in Switzerland. City of Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 47
Your Questions? Further Information: www.stadt-zuerich.ch/2000-watt-society www.stadt-zuerich.ch/nachhaltiges-bauen www.stadt-zuerich.ch/standderdinge www.2000watt.ch www.minergie.ch Stadt Zurich Chennai, 07.10.2010, page 48