Choices and Applications of 2D/3D models for supporting harbour & coastal management

Choices and Applications of 2D/3D models for supporting harbour & coastal management Terug naar overzicht Rob Uittenbogaard (1,2) (1) WL Delft Hydraulics (2) Delft University of Technology ; J.M. Burgerscentre - Research School for Fluid Mechanics 1

Contents: Principles of Computations with Mobil Water Surface One-Dimensional (1D) Application Two- and Three-Dimensional (2D and 3D) Applications Project Objectives Presentation & Decision Making Project Execution & Training Personnel 2

Mass Balance level variations horizontal grid (staggered) inflow water column outflow z=-d bed water level 3

Force Balance in SOBEK and DELFT3D-Flow Difference in Water Level yields a Force Force yields Acceleration (Newton) Acceleration amounts to Flow Flow causes Friction Force Friction Force in balance with Difference in Water Level gravity water pressure slope in water level water pressure U U cf U U U U g ζ + = + DU ( x) t x x d + ζ x x U t + U U x internal friction net force ( ) U U cf U U U U g ζ + = + DU x t x x d + ζ x x acceleration and flow water bed friction: bed friction 4

SOBEK Currents modelled as a Network (1D) 5

Winkel Zeeburg Diem Driemond 6 Gein spoorbrug Abcoude Angstel Amsterdam-RijnkanaalVecht SOBEK - Intrusion of Fresh Amstelsluizen and Salt water Leidse Plein Schinkel Weespertrekvaart Berlagebrug IJmeer Amstel Bullewijk Holendrecht Oude Waver Winkel Nessersluis Amstel-Drechtkanaal Kromme Mijdr

DELFT3D-FLOW : depth-averaged 2D and 3D simulations 7

Delft3D-Flow North horizontal grid (structured) velocity South-North water level water level velocity East-West 8

Domain Decomposition: Continental Shelf Southern North Sea Coastal Sea Estuary River 9

Flooding by Dike Breach??? 10

Prof. Stelling (Delft University) 2D Simulation of Flooding Dike Breach Dry Wetted 11

Prof. Stelling (Delft University) 2D Simulation of Flooding Dike Breach Dry Different Bore Propagation Wetted 12

Gravity Currents gravity fresh water sea water Stratified Shear Flow : Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability 13

Shear Dispersion depth-averaged model (2Dh) or vertical resolution (3D)? c(x,0) c(x,t) weak dispersion in homogeneous flows c(x,z,0) c(x,z,t) c(x,t) c(x,t) strong dispersion in stratified tidal or wind-driven flows 14

Design of a Current Deflecting Wall in Stratified Flows Horizontal and Vertical Distribution of the Current Particles floating on Water Surface Velocity derived from Particle Paths Vertical Distribution of Current and Transport 15

Vertical Resolution of Flow & Transport Scaling with Local Water Depth Horizontal Layers 16

3D Shallow-Water Solver: Tidal Flow (Hydrostatic) Turbulence Models Salt Transport Heat Transport Coupling to Meteorology 17

steep river dam lake river & flooding estuary & harbour coastal sea shelf break SOBEK Delft3D- Flow SOBEK Delft3D-Flow 18

The Delft 3D System 19

Observations Measurements Ships Sailing Transects & Z-paths Density difference Depth Sinking Probe Point Sampling 20

Tidal current Flow separation Re-circulation Flow bifurcation River discharge Storage flow Tidal Stage water level 21

Rotterdam Harbour : Measurement Positions Moored and Sailing Ships with ADCP s & CTD s Red Arrows: Observations Black Arrows: Simulation Bad Design for Navigation 22

Project Objectives Choice between alternative designs or solution strategies? Optimalisation of the (selected) design/solution strategy? The gravity/importance/impact of the project? Interpretation of Project Costs: insurance or competition 23

Likelihood Option A Option A Better Option B Option B Option C Option C Option D Option D Optimal & Reliable Assessment Expensive & Accurate Assessment 24

Constraints: Sewage Outfall Drinking-Water Intake Cooling-Water Inlet Cooling-Water Outlet Navigation Maintenance Dredging Safety Flooding Safety Industry Bridges & Roads Where New Harbour/Extension? Toolbox : Manual Selection of Imagined Options Constraint Logic Programming : Exclusion of Impossible Locations 25

Single / Unique Project Client Advisor Tender Controller to Project Execution Consultant No in-house expertise Not flexible Time Consuming Costly 26

First (pilot) Project Multiple Projects Subsequent Projects Client in-house Client expertise Training Personnel Client in-house expertise Consultant: Delft Hydraulics model Consultant set-up model set-up project execution Supporting Consultant Consultancy In-house expertise Flexible Responsibility in-house Cheaper and faster with subsequent projects 27

Training Personnel WL Delft Hydraulics: Delft-Water Fundamentals Hands-on Training Model Set-up Personal Contacts Delft Knowledge City: IHE : large int l network Delft University Technology 28

Thank You! Questions? 29

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