STATEN ISLAND: THEN AND NOW

www.nycfuture.org MAY 211 STATEN ISLAND: THEN AND NOW It s arguable that no other borough has changed as much as Staten Island over the past 2 years. This index of more than 8 charts and graphs provides the first comprehensive analysis of just how the borough has been transformed.

CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 3 INDEX OF CHARTS 7 DEMOGRAPHICS 12 ECONOMY 16 DEVELOPMENT 2 TRANSPORTATION 22 COMMUTING 24 This report was written by Laurel Tumarkin and Jonathan Bowles, and designed by Ahmad Dowla. EDUCATION 25 The report was funded by the Staten Island Economic Development Corporation. General operating support for City Futures has been provided by Bernard F. and Alva B. Gimbel Foundation, Deutsche Bank, Fund for the City of New York, Salesforce Foundation, The Scherman Foundation, Inc., and Unitarian Universalist Veatch Program at Shelter Rock. The is a New York Citybased think tank dedicated to independent, factbased research about critical issues affecting New York s future, including economic development, workforce development, higher education and the arts. For more information or to sign up for our monthly e-mail bulletin, visit www.nycfuture.org. City Futures Board of Directors: Andrew Reicher (Chair), Margaret Anadu, Michael Connor, Russell Dubner, Gretchen Dykstra, David Lebenstein, Gifford Miller, Lisette Nieves, Jefrey Pollock, John Siegal, Stephen Sigmund, and Mark Winston Griffith. Cover photo: andyinnyc/flickr

STATEN ISLAND: THEN AND NOW The past two decades have been a period of almost unprecedented change in New York City. During these 2 years, New York has gone from crime-ridden to the nation s safest large city, a remarkable boom in highend condos has transformed the skyline, much of the waterfront has been redeveloped, and neighborhoods from Times Square to the Lower East Side have been altered so fundamentally that they are almost unrecognizable to anyone who last visited them in the early 199s. But in many ways, no other borough has changed as much as Staten Island. On the most basic level, Staten Island simply grew the fastest. It far outpaced all of the other boroughs in the rate of population growth between 199 and 21. However, the borough s rapid population growth is only the tip of the iceberg. Over the past 2 years, there have been far-reaching changes to nearly every facet of life on Staten Island. This report takes a close examination of just what has changed. It provides the first comprehensive statistical analysis of the major trends that have shaped Staten Island over these two decades. Some of our statistical findings will be blatantly obvious to any Staten Islander who regularly drives across the borough at rush hour, takes classes at the College of Staten Island or operates a small business. But much of our data will come as a surprise. We hope it will also shed a light on several opportunities and challenges facing the borough over the next decade or two.

Any study of Staten Island s changes over the past two decades must start with its 24 percent increase in population. This was significantly higher than the next fastest growing borough (the Bronx, with a 15 percent gain) and more than triple Manhattan s growth rate. While the population growth has been relatively evenly spread across the borough, Community District 3 on the island s South Shore experienced both the largest numerical increase (41,745) and rate of growth (33 percent). Community District 1 on the North Shore, the only district to lose population between 198 and 199, had a 29 percent increase between 199 and 28. It is an older borough today, with 16, more residents over the age of 65 in 21 than in 199. It is also significantly more diverse. The share of white non- Hispanic residents has fallen from 8 percent in 199 to 68 percent in 21, while the share of residents who are Black, Hispanic and Asian has increased. These trends will likely continue. In 21, only 52 percent of Staten Islanders under the age of 18 were white non-hispanics, down from 73 percent in 199. In addition, the share of foreign born residents jumped from 12 percent to 2 percent between 199 and 21. The added population has supported a slew of new businesses and jobs. Private sector employment on Staten Island increased by 32 percent between 199 and 29, compared to a 4 percent gain citywide. The borough s share of all private sector jobs in the city reached its highest level in 29 (2.83 percent), up from 2.24 percent in 199. There were twice as many new firms started in 21 (2,822) as in 199 (1,413) and the number of selfemployed residents grew by 38 percent. The fastest growing sector on Staten Island during the past decade was accommodation and food services, with a 35 percent increase in jobs, followed by educational services, which grew by 31 percent. A big part of the education growth is due to expansions at local colleges. Enrollment at Wagner College is up 48 percent since 199. At the College of Staten Island (CSI), enrollment has risen by 32 percent just since 2. The health care sector added roughly 3, jobs in the past 1 years. It is far and away the borough s job engine; with 27,32 jobs on Staten Island, health care has well over 11, jobs more than the next largest sector (retail trade, with 15,953 jobs). Staten Island s economic landscape has shifted in many ways. Between 1997 and 27, there was a 121 percent growth in computer systems design services firms and an 86 percent jump in management consulting services companies. Other sectors with strong gains were home health care services (with a 58 percent increase in firms), architectural services (33 percent) and investigations and security services (29 percent). On the down side, there were 42 percent fewer travel agencies. In retail, there were big increases in electronics and appliance stores (7 percent), full service restaurants (44 percent) and supermarkets and other grocery stores (25 percent) but declines in sporting goods stores (down 5 percent), florists (-41 percent), gas stations (-34 percent) and hardware stores (-24 percent). And though new development has all but ground to a halt the number of building permits in 29 (271 buildings) was actually lower than in 199 (776 buildings) the borough s office vacancy rate in 21 (8.6 percent) was at its lowest point since 22 and the retail vacancy rate was a slim 2.9 percent, down from 4.5 percent in 27. And while the 21 industrial vacancy rate (5.3 percent) was higher than the level from the last five years, it is still about a third of what it was from 2 to 23. Meanwhile, the number of vacant parcels on Staten Island shrunk between 21 and 21 commercial by 23 percent and residential by 17 percent. Another good sign for the local economy is that Staten Islanders have become more highly skilled. While Staten Island currently has a lower share of residents with bachelor s degrees than any borough except the Bronx, the number of Staten Islanders with at least a bachelor s degree has almost doubled since 199, from 5,953 to 91,31. Importantly, the percentage of Black or African American residents on Staten Island with at least a bachelor s degree has increased from 14.5 percent in 199 to 22.5 percent in 29, while the share for Hispanics has gone from 13.6 percent to 16.2 percent. Not all the changes over the past two decades were positive. Perhaps most noticeably, the explosive population growth led to significantly more vehicles and nightmarish traffic congestion. Staten Island s 24 percent gain in vehicle registrations between 1992 and 21 was by far the largest percentage increase of any borough. Only one other borough (Manhattan, with an 11 percent gain) had a double-digit increase in vehicle registrations during this period, while both the Bronx (-1 percent) and Brooklyn (-8 percent) actually saw declines. Staten Island went from being the borough with the fewest registered vehicles in 199 to having more than both the Bronx and Manhattan by 21. Every Staten Island bridge crossing has seen a double-digit increase in daily traffic since 199, with traffic on the Bayonne Bridge growing by a staggering 64 percent. But while 54 percent of Staten Islanders drive to their jobs (up from 49 percent in 199), 15, more residents took public transit to work in 29 than in 199. 4

The bus ridership increases underscore the need for transit investment. Between 1998 and 21, 1 local bus routes on Staten Island gained over 1, riders. Express bus ridership was up by 55 percent. Two local bus routes experienced a spike of more than a million riders between 1998 and 21 the S53 and S79. Not surprisingly, both take riders from Staten Island to Brooklyn, where 3,38 Staten Islanders worked in 28, up from 25,256 in 199. Average commuting times for Staten Islanders are up just eight percent since 199, but are still higher than any other borough. The modest increase may be due to the fact that the number of Staten Islanders commuting to jobs in Manhattan has barely budged over the past two decades (up by 4 percent), while thousands more residents are staying in Staten Island for work. Between 199 and 28, the number of Staten Island residents who work in their own borough increased by 32 percent and those going to Brooklyn or New Jersey increased by 22 percent. It takes Staten Island residents who drive to work 32.8 minutes, on average, to get to their jobs, which is actually a shorter trip than residents of Brooklyn and Manhattan who drive. It is Staten Islanders who rely on public transportation that have, by far, the longest commutes of anyone in the city (69 minutes vs 54 minutes for those in the Bronx, the borough with the next longest transit commute). The population boom also unleashed a torrent of new housing development. Between 199 and 21, the number of housing units on Staten Island increased by 26 percent, a far larger increase than any other borough. Many Staten Islanders frown upon this burst of housing activity since it was not accompanied by adequate planning or infrastructure investment. Despite all this, however, one of the greatest legacies of the past two decades on Staten Island as well as in the other boroughs has been a dramatic increase in housing prices, suggesting that the supply of housing has not kept pace with demand. After a relatively modest increase of 12 percent from 199 to 2, median home prices on Staten Island increased more than 12 percent from 2 to 29. The share of homeowners paying more than 35 percent of their income in homeowner costs increased from 18 percent in 199 to 33 percent in 29. Similarly, the percentage of Staten Islanders paying more than 35 percent of their income in rent increased from 3 percent in 199 to 45 percent in 29. Staten Island has a proud history as a launching pad for first-time homeowners, but the rapidly rising housing costs may be making the borough considerably less attractive for young families and singles. Despite the huge overall population gains over the past two decades, the number of children under age 5 actually declined between 2 and 29 and the share of the borough s population under age 5 dropped from 7.4 percent in 199 to 6.7 percent in 2 and 6. percent in 29 a sign that fewer families are raising kids on Staten Island. Similarly, there were roughly 2, fewer people between the ages of 2 and 34 in 29 than in 199. The share of 2-34 year olds in Staten Island s overall population declined from 25.3 percent in 199 to 2.4 percent in 2 and 19.5 percent in 29. These are troubling trends, and they are undoubtedly connected to the sharply rising cost of housing and what many local residents view as a declining value for their money due to longer commutes, mounting traffic problems and insufficient transit options. The fact that the average construction cost per residential unit on Staten Island has risen from $66,23 in 199 to $136,47 suggests that future housing development may lag what is needed and that prices may remain high. The borough also must confront other challenges brought on by the recent recession. At 8.6 percent, the unemployment rate in January 211 was almost double the rate from January 28 (4.6 percent). For much of the past two decades Staten Island had the lowest unemployment rate among all five boroughs, but it is now only third lowest, behind Manhattan (7.7 percent) and Queens (8.5 percent). Things may get even worse if, as anticipated, many public sector jobs are axed as to deal with gaping budget gaps. Staten Island is particularly vulnerable since 22 percent of its residents have government jobs, a far higher percentage than any other borough (the Bronx is second, at 18 percent). In addition, while small businesses have become increasingly critical to the borough s success the average private sector business on Staten Island has become significantly smaller over the past 1 years, with firm size dropping from 11.4 employees to 1.2 employees between 2 and 29 they are still having trouble accessing financing. In 21, there were fewer loans guaranteed by the U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) on Staten Island than each of the last seven years. What will the next 2 years bring for Staten Island? Staten Island will almost certainly continue to add people, the elderly population is expected to increase dramatically and the health care sector will likely expand further. Beyond that, what happens in the next two decades and whether the borough can address its current challenges and builds on its significant assets will likely depend on whether local and city officials can plan better for what lies ahead. 5

24% POPULATION INCREASE 16, MORE RESIDENTS OVER THE AGE OF 65 WAGNER COLLEGE 48% INCREASED ENROLLMENT SINCE 199 COLLEGE OF STATEN ISLAND 32% INCREASED ENROLLMENT SINCE 2 12% INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF FOREIGN BORN RESIDENTS 2, FEWER RESIDENTS BETWEEN THE AGES OF 2 AND 34 19.5% SHARE OF 2-34 YEAR OLDS IN OVERALL POPULATION, DOWN FROM 25.3% IN 199 DOUBLE DIGIT DAILY TRAFFIC INCREASES IN EVERY STATEN ISLAND BRIDGE CROSSING SINCE 199 24% GAIN IN VEHICLE REGISTRATIONS BETWEEN 1992 AND 21, BY FAR THE LARGEST PERCENTAGE INCREASE OF ANY BOROUGH 8.6% STATEN ISLAND S OFFICE VACANCY RATE IN 21, IT S LOWEST POINT SINCE 22 23% PERCENTAGE DECLINE IN VACANT COMMERCIAL PARCELS BETWEEN 21 AND 21 12% INCREASE IN MEDIAN HOME PRICES FROM 2 TO 29 33% SHARE OF HOMEOWNERS PAYING MORE THAN 35% OF THEIR INCOME IN HOMEOWNER COSTS, UP FROM 18% IN 199 69 MINUTES AVERAGE COMMUTE FOR STATEN ISLANDERS WHO RELY ON PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION, LONGEST COMMUTES OF ANYONE IN THE CITY 1 LOCAL BUS ROUTES ON STATEN ISLAND THAT GAINED OVER 1, RIDERS BETWEEN 199 AND 21 27,32 HEALTH CARE JOBS ON STATEN ISLAND, 11, MORE THAN THE NEXT LARGEST SECTOR 32% SI PRIVATE SECTOR EMPLOYMENT INCREASE V.S. 4% CITYWIDE TWICE AS MANY NEW FIRMS STARTED IN 21 (2,822) AS IN 199 (1,413) STATEN ISLAND THEN & NOW

INDEX OF CHARTS DEMOGRAPHICS DEVELOPMENT 1A. Population Growth on Staten Island 8 3A. Building Permits on Staten Island 27 1B. Race & Ethnicity on Staten Island, 199-21 1C. Number and Percent of Foreign Born Staten Island Residents 1D. Staten Island Residents who Speak English Less Than Very Well 1E. Top 1 Ancestry Origins for Staten Islanders, by Percent (Among Those Classified) 1F. Percent of Staten Island Population By Marital Status 1G. Population 65 and Over By Borough, 29 and 23 1H. Percent of Population by Age Groups on Staten Island 1 11 11 12 12 13 14 3B. Number of ICIP Exemptions Granted on Staten Island (1998-211) 3C. Number of 421-a, 421-b, and J-51 Exemptions/ Abatements Granted on Staten Island (Fiscal Years 1998-211) 3D. Median Home Prices & Median Home Sales 3E. Number of LEED Registered Buildings on Staten Island By Year 3F. Housing Construction Cost 3G. Staten Island Real Estate Landscape, 21 vs 21 3H. Office, Industrial, and Retail Vacancy Rate 28 29 3 32 32 33 34 1I. Percent of Renters and Homeowners on Staten Island Paying More Than 35% of Income in Rent 1J. Home Ownership Rates 1K. Percent of All Staten Island Residents Below the Poverty Level 1L. Reported Crime in Staten Island, Change 199-28 14 15 15 16 TRANSPORTATION 4A. Number of Vehicle Registrations on Staten Island 4B. Ridership on Staten Island Railway 4C. Ridership on Staten Island Buses and Express Buses 4D. Mass Transit Use Along the West and North Shores 35 35 36 37 ECONOMY 2A. Staten Island s Share of NYC Private Sector Jobs 2B. Staten Island s Share of Region s Jobs 17 17 4E. Staten Island Ferry Ridership 4F. Staten Island Bridges 4G. Bridge and Tunnel Toll Revenue 37 38 39 2C. Fastest Growing Jobs on Staten Island, 21 vs. 2 2D. Average Size of Staten Island Firms, 2-21 2E. Number of New Firms Started on Staten Island 2F. Private Sector Job Growth, 199-29 - Staten Island vs NYC 2G. Number of Self Employed 2H. Number of SBA Loans and Amount 2I. Number and Percentage of Construction, Manufacturing & Wholesale Trade Businesses 2J. Jobs by Zip Code 18 19 19 2 2 21 21 22 COMMUTING 5A. Commuting Flows of Staten Islanders 5B. Commuting from Residence in Boroughs to Workplace in Staten Island, 199 & 2 5C. Mean Commute Times 5D. How Staten Islanders Get to Work, 199, 2 & 29 5E. Staten Islanders Using Public Transportation to Get to Work 5F. Number of Staten Islanders Working at Home 4 4 41 42 43 43 2K. Unemployment Rate on Staten Island and Other Boroughs 23 EDUCATION 2L. Percentage Change in the Number of Retail & Dining Establishments on Staten Island, 1997 vs 27 24 6A. Enrollment Trends at Staten Island s Colleges and Universities 44 2M. Percentage Change in the Number of Services Businesses on Staten Island 25 6B. Most Popular Majors - Most Recent Period available (Fall 29 - Spring 211) 45 2N. Staten Island Retail Sales (in s) 2O. Percent of Staten Island Residents Employed by Industry Sector, 29 2P. Percentage of Population Working for Government, 29 25 26 26 6C. Number and Percent of Staten Island Residents with a Bachelor s Degree or Higher (25 Years and Older) 6D. Percent of Staten Island Hispanics, Asians, African Americans with a Bachelor s Degree or Higher 6E. Percent of Staten Island Residents with a High School Degree or Higher 46 46 47 6F. Share of Residents with Bachelor s & High School Degrees, 29 -- Staten Island vs Other Boroughs 47 7

DEMOGRAPHICS 1A. Population Growth on Staten Island Population Growth, 196-21 5, 45, 4, 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, Source: US Census Bureau 196 197 198 199 2 21 Percentage Population Growth by Decade 35% 33% 3% 25% 2% 19% 17% 15% 1% 5% 8% 6% % Source: US Census Bureau 196s 197s 198s 199s 2s 8

DEMOGRAPHICS Percentage Population Growth By Decade, Staten Island vs Other Boroughs Staten Island Bronx Manhattan Brooklyn Queens 18% 17.1% 16% 14% 14.2% 12% 1.7% 1% 8% 7.2% 6% 5.63% 4% 3.94% 3.17% 3.3% 2% 1.6%.6% % 2-21 199-2 Source: NYC Department of City Planning Population Growth by Community District 2, Community District 1 Community District 2 Community District 3 18, 16, 162,69 152,98 177,529 168,71 14, 138,489 137,86 126,956 127,71 136,816 12, 15,128 18,249 113,944 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, Source: NYC Department of City Planning 198 199 2 28 9

DEMOGRAPHICS 1B. Race & Ethnicity on Staten Island, 199-21 Race & Ethnicity Race & Ethnicity for Population Under 18 White non-hispanic Black/African American non-hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander non-hispanic Hispanic Origin 1% 1% 3,239 53,55 9,965 9% 16,483 28,172 24,95 81,51 9% 4,865 18,839 26,433 8% 39,74 34,834 8% 9,97 6,175 7% 44,313 7% 13,99 7,675 6% 6% 12,823 5% 5% 4% 33,81 4% 316,316 68,95 3% 3,169 3% 7,799 59,16 2% 2% 1% 1% % 199 2 21 Source: NYC Department of City Planning, U.S. Census Bureau % 199 2 21 1

DEMOGRAPHICS 1C. Number and Percent of Foreign Born Staten Island Residents 1, Number of Foreign Born 98,86 25% Foreign Born as % of Population 9, 8, 72,657 2% 2.3% 7, 16.4% 6, 15% 5, 44,55 11.8% 4, 1% 3, 2, 5% 1, 199 2 29 % 199 2 29 1D. Staten Island Residents who Speak English Less Than Very Well 6, 5, Number of Residents who speak English "less than very well" 5,899 12% 1% Percent of residents who speak English "less than very well" 9.7% 11.2% 4, 4,276 8% 6.7% 3, 23,592 6% 2, 4% 1, 2% 199 2 29 % 199 2 29 11

DEMOGRAPHICS 1E. Top 1 Ancestry Origins for Staten Islanders, by Percent (Among Those Classified) 199 2 29 Italian 35.2% Italian 34.3% Italian 31.7% Irish 12.8% Irish 1.6% Irish 9.4% German 6.5% Puerto Rican 6.4% Puerto Rican 7.6% Puerto Rican 4.7% German 2.9% American 3.3% Polish 3.5% Polish 2.6% Russian 3.2% Russian 2.3% American 2.4% German 2.7% American 2.% Russian 2.2% Polish 2.7% English 1.7% Mexican 1.8% Mexican 2.7% Norwegian 1.2% English 1.% Albanian 1.7% Greek.7% Albanian.9% English.9% 1F. Percent of Staten Island Population By Marital Status 1% Never Married Married Separated Widowed Divorced 5.3% 6.6% 6.7% 9% 7.7% 2.6% 7.5% 7.1% 2.6% 2.% 8% 7% 6% 55.2% 54.6% 52.6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 29.2% 28.7% 31.6% % 199 2 29 12

DEMOGRAPHICS 1G. Population 65 and Over By Borough, 29 and 23 (Projected) New York City 1,352,375 1,4,21 12.1% 14.8% 29 23 Bronx 144,266 1.4% 172,653 11.8% Manhattan 294,919 29 23 22,886 12.5% 16.1% 29 23 298,293 13.1% Queens 372,68 14.5% Brooklyn 29 23 Staten Island 12,966 3,127 11.8% 49,769 15.1% 58,449 12.1% 18.7% 29 23 29 23 Source: NYC Department of City Planning 13

DEMOGRAPHICS 1H. Percent of Population by Age Groups on Staten Island 3% 65 and Over Under Age 5 2-34 25% 25.3% 2% 2.4% 19.5% 15% 11.2% 11.6% 12.1% 1% 7.4% 6.7% 6.% 5% % 199 2 29 1I. Percent of Renters and Homeowners on Staten Island Paying More Than 35% of Income in Rent Renters Homeowners 5.% 45.% 45.3% 4.% 35.% 3.% 3.3% 3.4% 32.6% 25.% 2.% 18.2% 2.9% 15.% 1.% 5.%.% 199 2 29 14

DEMOGRAPHICS 1J. Home Ownership Rates 29 2 1996 NYC 33.6% 3.2% 3.% Bronx 2.7% 19.6% 2.4% Brooklyn Manhattan 3.5% 27.1% 27.3% 25.1% 2.1% 2.3% Queens 45.3% 42.8% 42.2% Staten Island 63.8% 61.6% 69.2% % 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% Source: Furman Center, State of New York City s Housing and Neighborhoods 21, April 211 1K. Percent of All Staten Island Residents Below the Poverty Level 12% 1% 1.% 1.% 8% 7.8% 6% 4% 2% % 199 2 29 15

DEMOGRAPHICS 1L. Reported Crime in Staten Island, Change 199-28 -44.8% Murder -31.3% Rape -61.7% Robbery -62.5% Felony Assault -82.5% Burglary -51.9% Grand Larceny -94.2% Grand Larceny Auto -88.5% Total Reported Crimes -1% -9% -8% -7% -6% -5% -4% -3% -2% -1% % Source: NYPD CompStat; NYC EDC, Staten Island Update, September 21 16

ECONOMY 2A. Staten Island s Share of NYC Private Sector Jobs 3.% 2.5% 2.2% 2.3% 2.4% 2.5% 2.5% 2.6% 2.6% 2.6% 2.6% 2.7% 2.7% 2.7% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% 2.8% 2.% 1.5% 1.%.5%.% Source: NYS Department of Labor 2B. Staten Island s Share of Region s Jobs 1.4% 1.38% 1.4% 1.3% 1.3% 1.38% 1.32% 1.32% 1.33% 1.33% 1.34% 1.34% 1.3% 1.2% 1.2% 1.1% 1.1% 1.% 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Source: NYS Department of Labor, Data measures 17-county metro region, including 5 boroughs of NYC plus Bergen, Essex, Hudson, Middlesex, Morris, Passaic, Union, Nassau, Suffolk, Rockland, Putnam and Westchester counties. 17

ECONOMY 2C. Fastest Growing Jobs on Staten Island, 21 vs. 2 Accomodation & Food Services 34.9% Education Services 31.2% Other Services Except Public Admin 23.7% Arts Entertainment & Recreation 13.9% Health Care & Social Assistance 13.6% Retail Trade 11.4% Transportation Warehousing & Uti 9.5% Professional Tech & Scientific 4.1% Government 4.% Wholesale Trade.2% -.5% Management Of Companies -9.1% Construction -13.5% Finance & Insurance -23.5% Real Estate Rental & Leasing -23.6% Manufacturing -33.8% Admin. Support Scvs Waste & Reme -4.2% Information Source: NYS Department of Labor, Data is from Q1&Q2 21 vs. Q1&Q2 2. 18

ECONOMY 2D. Average Size of Staten Island Firms, 2-21 Q1 2 Q1 21 Less than 5 5-19 Employees 2-49 Employees 5-99 Employees 1-499 Employees 5 or more 12 91 13 121 13 8 473 467 1,959 2,115 4,56 5,751 Source: NYS Department of Labor 2E. Number of New Firms Started on Staten Island 3,5 332 3, 2745 361 2926 2994 2979 2895 2756 2822 2,5 2371 2258 Number of Firms 2, 1,5 2119 1852 1954 196 174 1535 1624 1413 141 139 1, 5 199 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: NYS Department of State, Division of Corporations, State Records and Uniform Commercial Code 19

ECONOMY 2F. Private Sector Job Growth, 199-29 -- Staten Island vs NYC NYC 4% Staten Island 32% % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% 3% 35% Source: NYS Department of Labor 2G. Number of Self Employed 1, 9,475 9, 8, 7,611 7, 6,843 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 199 2 29 2

ECONOMY 2H. Number of SBA Loans and Amount SBA Loan Amount Number of SBA Loans $14 175 $12 15 SBA Loan Amount (MIlions) $1 $8 $6 $4 125 1 75 5 Number of SBA Loans $2 25 $ 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: US Small Business Administration 2I. Number and Percentage of Construction, Manufacturing, & Wholesale Trade Businesses 1998 2.4% 4.9% 12.9% 23 1.9% 4.5% 13.% Manufacturing Wholesale Trade Construction 28 1.6% 4.4% 13.2% 2 4 6 8 1, 1,2 21

ECONOMY 2J. Jobs by Zip Code Staten Island Zip Codes with the Most Jobs, 1Q 21 2, 19,64 18, 16, 14, 12, 11,719 1, 8,81 8, 7,344 6,673 6,378 6,127 6, 5,218 5,5 4, 3,34 1,74 2, 851 23 1314 135 136 139 131 133 131 1312 134 132 138 137 1311 Source: NYS Department of Labor 2, 25.5% Staten Island Zip Codes with the Largest Increase in Jobs 1997-21 18, 16, 14, 12, 24.4% 1, 4.6% 8, 6, 85.6% 53.9% 36% 4.3% % 24.3% 4, 5.5% 2, 46.5% 16.5% 1314 139 135 133 1312 136 137 131 138 131 132 134 Source: NYS Department of Labor 22

ECONOMY 2K. Unemployment Rate on Staten Island and Other Boroughs Staten Island Unemployment Rate, 199-211 1 8 6 4 2 199 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 Source: US Bureau of Labor Statistics, Data is for January of each year and is not seasonally adjusted. Unemployment Rate by Borough 14% Bronx Brooklyn New York Queens Staten Island 12.8% 12% 1.2% 1% 8% 6% 4% 6.6% 7.3% 6.1% 5.9% 5.3% 5.4% 4.8% 4.% 4.5% 3.6% 8.% 8.5% 8.7% 2% % 199 2 21 Source: US Bureau of the Census (199 & 2 Data); NYS Department of Labor (21 Data) 23

ECONOMY 2L. Percentage Change in the Number of Retail & Dining Establishments on Staten Island, 1997 to 27 Electronics & Applicance Stores 7.4% Full Service Restaurants 44.3% Book Stores 33.3% Beer, Wine & Liquor Stores 28.% Supermarkets & Other Grocery (except Convenience) Stores 25.4% Jewelry Stores 23.5% Furniture Stores 23.3% Grocery Stores 23.2% Limited Service Eating Places 21.7% Food & Beverage Stores 2.1% Convenience Stores 17.% Department Stores 16.7% Furniture & Home Furnishings Stores 11.1% Clothing & Clothing Accessories Stores 1.4% -1.4% Pharmacies & Drug Stores -11.8% New Car Dealers -15.4% Shoe Stores -23.5% Hardware Stores -33.8% Gasoline Stores -41.2% Florists -5.% Sporting Goods Stores -6% -4% -2% % 2% 4% 6% 8% Source: U.S. Economic Census, 1997, 22 & 27 24

ECONOMY 2M. Percentage Change in the Number of Services Businesses on Staten Island Computer Systems Design Services 121% Management Consulting Services 86% Home Health Care Services 58% Educational Services 45% Architectural Services 33% Investigations & Security Services 29% Waste Management & Remediation Services 22% Offices of Physicians 2% Offices of Lawyers 13% Exterminating & Pest Control Services 12% Offices of Dentists 2% Advertising, Public Relations & Related Services % -28% Engineering Services -42% Travel Agencies -6% -4% -2% % 2% 4% 6% 8% 1% 12% 14% Source: U.S. Economic Census, 1997, 22 & 27 2N. Staten Island Retail Sales (in s) 1997 $2,235,269 22 $3,159,828 27 $3,85,133 $ $1,, $2,, $3,, $4,, 25

ECONOMY 2O. Percent of Staten Island Residents Employed by Industry Sector, 29 Industry Sector Percentage Educational services, and health care and social assistance 26.3% Finance and insurance, and real estate and rental and leasing 12.6% Professional, scientific, and management, and administrative and waste management services 1.6% Retail trade 9.5% Public administration 7.7% Transportation and warehousing, and utilities 7.4% Construction 7.2% Arts, entertainment, and recreation, and accommodation and food services 6.1% Other services, except public administration 4.3% Manufacturing 3.3% Information 2.6% Wholesale trade 2.4% 2P. Percentage of Population Working for Government, 29 Manhattan 9.5% Queens 14.6% Brooklyn 17.3% Bronx 18.% Staten Island 21.6% % 5% 1% 15% 2% 25% 26

DEVELOPMENT 3A. Building Permits on Staten Island Total Building Permits 199-29, Number of Units Total Building Permits 199-29, Number of Buildings 3, 2,667 2, 1,8 1,895 2,5 1,6 2, 1,872 1,4 1,297 1,5 1, 5 94 1,472 57 1,2 1, 8 6 4 776 1,1 271 2 199 1995 2 25 29 Source: U.S. Census Bureau 199 1995 2 25 29 Source: U.S. Census Bureau 3, Building Permits by Type of Dwelling, Number of Units 199 1995 2 25 29 2,667 2,5 2, 1,872 1,5 1,361 1,472 1,56 94 1, 898 829 726 635 554 5 278 27 25 186 13 17 16-6 - 39-27 1 Family 2 Family 3 and 4 Family 5+ Family Total Source: U.S. Census Bureau 57 27

DEVELOPMENT 3B. Number of ICIP Exemptions Granted on Staten Island (1998-211) 7 Number of ICIP Exemptions on Staten Island, FY 1998 - FY 211 6 5 Exemptions 4 3 2 1 FY98 FY99 FY FY1 FY2 FY3 FY4 FY5 FY6 FY7 FY8 FY9 FY1 FY11 NYC Dept. of Finance, Office of Tax Policy, Annual Report on Tax Expenditures (Reports for FY 98 through FY 11) (FY 2 report not available) Number of ICIP Exemptions by Borough, FY 211 Value of ICIP Exemptions by Borough, FY 211 (in Millions) 3, 25 2,5 2,49 2,272 2 $26 $199 2, 1,5 15 $126 1, 5 881 822 652 1 5 $68 $25 Brooklyn Queens Bronx Manhattan Staten Island Queens Manhattan Brooklyn Bronx Staten Island Source: NYC Dept. of Finance, Office of Tax Policy, Annual Report on Tax Expenditures Source: NYC Dept. of Finance, Office of Tax Policy, Annual Report on Tax Expenditures 28

DEVELOPMENT 3C. Number of 421-a, 421-b, and J-51 Exemptions/Abatements Granted on Staten Island (Fiscal Years 1998-211) # of J-51 Exemptions Granted # of J-51 Abatements Granted 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 FY98 FY99 FY FY1 FY2 FY3 FY4 FY5 FY6 FY7 FY8 FY9 FY1 FY11 Source: NYC Dept. of Finance, Office of Tax Policy, Annual Report on Tax Expenditures (Reports for FY 98 through FY 11) (Data for FY 2 not available) 12, # of 421-a Exemptions Granted # of 421-b Exemptions Granted 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, FY98 FY99 FY FY1 FY2 FY3 FY4 FY5 FY6 FY7 FY8 FY9 FY1 FY11 Source: NYC Dept. of Finance, Office of Tax Policy, Annual Report on Tax Expenditures (Reports for FY 98 through FY 11) (Data for FY 2 not available) 29

DEVELOPMENT 3D. Median Home Prices & Median Home Sales Median Value of Owner Occupied Homes, 199-29 $5, $45, $461, $4, $35, $3, $25, $2, $186,3 $29,1 $15, $1, $5, $ 199 2 29 Percentage Increase in Median Sales Prices for Single Family Homes, 1996 to 29 Percentage Drop in Median Sales Prices Since Peak for Single Family Homes 35% % Manhattan Brooklyn Staten Island Bronx Queens 3% 291% 25% -5% 2% 15% 181% 154% 128% 127% -1% -15% -12.5% -13.1% -13.7% 1% 5% -2% % Manhattan Brooklyn Queens Staten Island Bronx -25% -23.1% -23.8% Source: NYC Department of Finance, Annual Report on the NYC Property Tax, Fiscal Year 21 Source: NYC Department of Finance, Annual Report on the NYC Property Tax, Fiscal Year 21 3

DEVELOPMENT Number of Single Family Home Sales on Staten Island, 1996-29 6, 5, 4, 3,533 4,75 4,683 5,29 4,466 4,623 4,836 4,816 4,613 4,24 3,464 3, 2,934 2,483 2,41 2, 1, 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Source: NYC Department of Finance, Annual Report on the NYC Property Tax, Fiscal Year 21 Median Sales Prices for Single Family Homes on Staten Island, 1996-29 $45, $4, $35, $3, $265, $34,99 $349,9 $395, $423, $419,199 $39, $365, $25, $2, $15, $157,59 $165, $175, $198,767 $23, $1, $5, $ 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Source: NYC Department of Finance, Annual Report on the NYC Property Tax, Fiscal Year 21 Growth in Total Housing Units, 199-21 3% 25% 26% 2% 15% 11% 14% 16% 1% 8% 5% % Manhattan Queens Brooklyn Bronx Staten Island Source: NYC Department of City Planning 31

DEVELOPMENT 3E. Number of LEED Registered Buildings on Staten Island By Year 7 6 6 5 4 3 2 2 1 3 3 1 26 27 28 29 21 Source: U.S. Green Building Council. Data, which excludes homes and confidential projects, shows buildings that have registered for LEED certification. As of March 4, 211, 4 buildings on Staten Island are LEED certified. 3F. Housing Construction Cost $16, Average Construction Cost Per Unit Average Construction Cost per Unit 1 Family 2 Family 5+ Family $14, $12, $124,69 $136,477 $25, $1, $97,541 $2, $8, $15, $66,23 $63,714 $6, $1, $4, $5, $2, $ 199 1995 2 25 29 $ 199 1995 2 25 29 32

DEVELOPMENT 3G. Staten Island Real Estate Landscape, 21 vs 21 Change in Residential Properties 21-21 -- Class 1 Taxable Parcels Vacant Land 21 21 Condominiums 3 Family 2 Family 1 Family 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, Source: NYC Department of Finance, Annual Report on the NYC Property Tax, Fiscal Year 21 4-1 Family Rentals Change in Residential Properties 21-21 -- Class 2 Taxable Parcels 21 21 Condominiums Cooperatives Rentals 5 1, 1,5 2, 2,5 3, 3,5 Source: NYC Department of Finance, Annual Report on the NYC Property Tax, Fiscal Year 21 Cutlural & Recreational Health & Educational Vacant Land Warehouses Garages Commercial Condos Factories Hotels Utility Property Store Buildings Office Buildings Change in Commercial Properties 21-21 -- Class 4 Taxable Parcels 21 21 2 4 6 8 1, 1,2 1,4 1,6 Source: NYC Department of Finance, Annual Report on the NYC Property Tax, Fiscal Year 21 33

DEVELOPMENT 3H. Office, Industrial and Retail Vacancy Rate Staten Island Office Vacancy Rate Office SF % Vacant 16% 14% 12% 1% 8% 6% 4% 3.2% 4.1% 3.4% 6.8% 8.% 1.4% 11.% 11.7% 12.3% 13.6% 11.3% 1.5% 8.6% 2% % 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: CoStar, provided by NYC Economic Development Corporation and Cassidy Turley Commercial Real Estate Services Industrial SF % Vacant Staten Island Industrial Vacancy Rate 2% 18.4% 18.6% 18% 17.3% 16% 15.1% 14% 12% 1% 7.8% 8% 5.3% 6% 4.% 3.4% 3.3% 3.4% 3.6% 4% 2% % 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: CoStar, provided by NYC Economic Development Corporation and Cassidy Turley Commercial Real Estate Services Retail SF % Vacant Staten Island Retail Vacancy Rate 5.% 4.5% 4.5% 4.% 3.8% 3.5% 2.9% 2.9% 3.% 2.4% 2.5% 2.% 1.5% 1.%.5%.% 26 27 28 29 21 Source: CoStar, provided by NYC Economic Development Corporation and Cassidy Turley Commercial Real Estate Services 34

TRANSPORTATION 4A. Number of Vehicle Registrations on Staten Island 7, 1992 21 659,391 667,643 6, 5, 4, 437,55 43,811 3, 2, 199,7 246,634 251,895 227,955 199,89 221,48 1, Staten Island Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Source: NYS Department of Motor Vehicles. Note: includes only Standard Series (passenger) vehicles. 4B. Ridership on Staten Island Railway 7,, 6,, 5,, 4,, 3,, 2,, 1,, 199 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: MTA New York City Transit 35

TRANSPORTATION 4C. Ridership on Staten Island Buses and Express Buses 31,, Staten Island Local Bus Ridership, 1998-21 12,, Staten Island Express Bus Ridership, 1998-21 3,, 29,, 1,, 28,, 8,, 27,, 26,, 6,, 25,, 4,, 24,, 23,, 2,, 22,, Source: MTA New York City Transit. Includes two new local routes (S89 and S93) that were added since 1998. Source: MTA New York City Transit. Includes two new express routes (X22 and X3) that were added in 21. 6% Percentage Change in Staten Island Local and Express Bus Ridership, 1998-21 55.% 45% Percentage Change in Bus Ridership, 1998-21, North Shore and West Shore Routes 5% 4% 39.8% 4% 42.8% 35% 3% 3% 25% 2% 14.7% 14.3% 2% 15% 17.8% 1% 1% % SI Local Bus Service NYC Local Bus Service SI Express Bus Service NYC Express Bus Service Source: MTA New York City Transit. Figures do not include additional riders from when the MTA took over several private bus companies in 26. 5% % West Shore Bus Routes North Shore Bus Routes Source: MTA New York City Transit. West Shore routes includes: X22, S74, S84, S55, S56, X19, X23, X24, X17, S46, S96. North Shore routes include S4, S9, S48, S98, S46, S96, X3, X12, X42, X1, X14, S44, S94, S89. Grouping of routes by SIEDC. 36

TRANSPORTATION 4D. Mass Transit Use Along the West and North Shores 12,, West Shore Buses North Shore Buses 1,, Bus Ridership (millions) 8,, 6,, 4,, 2,, 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: MTA New York City Transit. West Shore routes includes: X22, S74, S84, S55, S56, X19, X23, X24, X17, S46, S96. North Shore routes include S4, S9, S48, S98, S46, S96, X3, X12, X42, X1, X14, S44, S94, S89. Grouping of routes by SIEDC. 25,, 4E. Staten Island Ferry Ridership 2,, 21,837,83 21,464, 2,757,683 2,118, 19,756,963 19,851, 19,345,465 18,952,83 19,249,218 19,, 18,634,287 18,39, Annual Ridership (millions) 15,, 1,, 5,, 21 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 2 1999 Source: NYC Mayor s Office of Operations, Mayor s Management Reports (FY1999 - FY21) 37

TRANSPORTATION 4F. Staten Island Bridges Staten Island Bridges -- Percentage Increase in Average Daily Traffic Volumes 199-28 Goethals Bridge Verrazano-Narrows Bridge Outerbridge Crossing Bayonne Bridge % 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% Source: NYC Department of Transportation, New York Bridge Traffic Volumes 28, March 21 Staten Island Bridges - Average Daily Traffic Volumes199-28 Verrazano-Narrows Bridge Bayonne Bridge Goethals Bridge Outerbridge Crossing 23, 22, 21, 2, 19, 18, 17, 16, 15, 199 1993 1996 1999 22 25 28 26, 24, 22, 2, 18, 16, 14, 12, 1, 199 1993 1996 1999 22 25 28 9, 9, 85, 85, 8, 8, 75, 75, 7, 7, 65, 65, 6, 6, 199 1993 1996 1999 22 25 28 199 1993 1996 1999 22 25 28 Source: NYC Department of Transportation, New York Bridge Traffic Volumes 28, March 21 38

TRANSPORTATION 4G. Bridge and Tunnel Toll Revenue Verrazano-Narrows Bridge -- Annual Toll-Paying Revenue, 1999 to 29 $35, Toll Revenue (in thousands) $3, $25, $2, $15, $1, $5, $196,556 $23,172 $28,164 $216,312 $233,482 $246,322 $267,276 $274,1 $272,837 $278,96 $295,91 $ 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Source: History and Projection of Traffic, Toll Revenues and Expenses, Prepared for the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority by URS, April 3, 21. Change in Toll Revenue for 9 TBTA Bridges and Tunnels, 1999 to 29 Toll Revenue % Change 8% 6% 4% 2% 9% 41% 46% 51% 53% 53% 55% 65% 76% % Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel RFK Bridge Throgs Neck Bridge Verrazano-Narrows Bridge Bronx-Whitestone Bridge Marine Parkway-Gil Hodges Memorial Bridge Queens Midtown Tunnel Henry Hudson Bridge Cross Bay Veterans Memorial Bridge Source: History and Projection of Traffic, Toll Revenues and Expenses, Prepared for the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority by URS, April 3, 21. 6% Change in Average Toll for 9 TBTA Bridges and Tunnels, 1999 to 29 56% Average Toll % Change 5% 4% 3% 2% 4% 43% 43% 43% 44% 45% 47% 48% 1% % Cross Bay Veterans Brooklyn-Battery Throgs Neck Bronx-Whitestone Marine Parkway- Queens Midtown RFK Bridge Verrazano-Narrows Henry Hudson Memorial Bridge Tunnel Bridge Bridge Gil Hodges Tunnel Bridge Bridge Memorial Bridge Source: History and Projection of Traffic, Toll Revenues and Expenses, Prepared for the Triborough Bridge and Tunnel Authority by URS, April 3, 21. 39

COMMUTING 5A. Commuting Flows of Staten Islanders Where Staten Islanders Work -- 199 Where Staten Islanders Work -- 2.6% 2.3% 1.2% 6.3% Staten Island.6% 3.%.9% 6.6% Staten Island Manhattan Manhattan 14.6% 43.6% Brooklyn Queens Bronx 15.5% 45.4% Brooklyn Queens Bronx NJ NJ 31.4% NY Suburbs 28.1% NY Suburbs 5B. Commuting from Residence in Boroughs to Workplace in Staten Island, 199 & 2 2, 199 2 19,53 18, 16, 14, 12,738 Commuters 12, 1, 9,381 8, 6, 4, 2, 944 2,18 5,824 1,934 2,765 4,36 5,249 Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Total 4 Boroughs 4

COMMUTING 5C. Mean Commute Times Mean Commute Times (in Minutes) Manhattan Bronx Brooklyn Queens 29 2 199 Staten Island 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 45 5 Mean Commute Times for Driving Alone, 199-2 (in Minutes) Manhattan Bronx Brooklyn Queens 2 199 Staten Island 5 1 15 2 25 3 35 4 Mean Commute Times for Taking Public Transit, 199-2 (in Minutes) Manhattan Bronx Brooklyn Queens 2 199 Staten Island 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 41

COMMUTING 5D. How Staten Islanders Get to Work, 199, 2 & 29 3.3% 2.5% 199 15.4% 48.7% 3.1% Public Transportation Private Transportation Carpool Foot Other 2.9% 2.7% 2 Public Transportation Private Transportation Carpool Foot Other 12.1% 54.3% 28.% 2.4% 3.2% 8.9% 54.1% 31.5% 29 Public Transportation Private Transportation Carpool Foot Other 42

COMMUTING 5E. Staten Islanders Using Public Transportation to Get to Work 8, 7, 67,9 6, 52,339 53,475 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 199 2 29 6, 5F. Number of Staten Islanders Working at Home 5, 4,953 4, 3,26 3, 2,456 2, 1, 199 2 29 43

EDUCATION 6A. Enrollment Trends at Staten Island s Colleges and Universities CUNY College of Staten Island 14, 12, 1, 8, 6, 4, 2, 199 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Source: CUNY - CSI, Office of Institutional Research and Assessment 2,5 Wagner College 2, 1,5 1, 5 199 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: Wagner College, Office of Institutional Research 3, St. John's University, SI Campus 2,5 2, 1,5 1, 5 1999 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 Source: St. John s University, Office of Institutional Research, Fact Book, Fall 29 44

EDUCATION 6B. Most Popular Majors - Most Recent Period Available (Fall 29 - Spring 211) Most Popular Baccalaureate Degree Programs at CSI -- Fall 21 419 583 415 79 939 Business Psychology Science, Letters and Society Sociology, Anthropology and Social Work Biology Most Popular Undergraduate Majors at Wagner College -- Spring 211 Business Nursing 84 81 211 Visual/Performing Arts Arts Administration 95 Psychology Physician Assistant Education 98 175 176 Most Popular Majors at St. John's University -- Fall 29 87 64 131 Accounting Education Pre-K-6/Childhood Psychology 88 1 13 Legal Studies Criminal Justice Speech Source: CUNY - CSI, Office of Institutional Research and Assessment; Wagner College, Office of Institutional Research; St. John s University, Office of Institutional Research, Fact Book 45

EDUCATION 6C. Number and Percent of Staten Island Residents with a Bachelor s Degree or Higher (25 Years and Older) 3% 27.9% 25% 2% 2.7% 23.2% 68,114 91,31 15% 5,953 1% 5% % 199 2 29 6D. Percent of Staten Island Hispanics, Asians, African Americans with a Bachelor s Degree or Higher 6% 199 2 29 5% 5.3% 47.% 44.6% 4% 3% 22.5% 2% 13.6% 13.% 16.2% 14.5% 18.7% 1% % Hispanic Asian Black or African American 46

EDUCATION 6E. Percent of Staten Island Residents with a High School Degree or Higher 9% 88% 87.3% 86% 285,276 84% 82% 8% 78% 76% 78.6% 192,997 82.6% 242,632 74% 199 2 29 1% 6F. Share of Residents with Bachelor s & High School Degrees, 29 Staten Island vs Other Boroughs Staten Island Manhattan Queens Brooklyn Bronx 9% 8% 87.3% 84.9% 79.7% 77.7% 7% 68.7% 6% 57.7% 5% 4% 3% 27.9% 28.8% 28.3% 2% 17.6% 1% % Percent with Bachelor's Degree Percent with High School degree 47

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