Evolution of Corporate Management Approaches Alena Labodová VSB-Technical University Ostrava Czech Republic
History of formal management systems Intuitive management based on own expertise (experience, logic, knowledge), compliance with legal requirements Formalised management systems - general guide for reaching the targets Historically: QMS EMS SMS SA CSR-.. IMS? Sustainability management?
Common signs of management systems Systematic Documented Involvement of complete company staff Based on PDCA principle
Deming cycle PDCA
Quality Management System Quality of product through management of production process quality Historically: Business specific guidelines National general management system norms International QMS norms ISO 9000 series 1. 1987 product oriented 2. 1994 product oriented 3. 2000 process oriented
Environmental Management System Quality of environmental management through management of environmental aspects/impacts National EMS norms (1989) Transnational EMS guidelines (EMAS) 1. 1993 EMAS I 2. 2001 EMAS II 3. 2009 EMAS III International EMS norms ISO 14000 series 1. 1996 process oriented 2. 2004 dtto
Safety management System Different parts: Fire protection Major accidents hazard protection Technical safety of installations Occupational health and safety Approaches mostly based on legislation, no international generally accepted standards (except of OHSAS 18001)
Social Accountability International Standard SA 8000 released by Social Accountability International, based on: International Labour Organization conventions UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on Rights of the Child. Can work as a wrap-up document for other management systems
SA8000 Core Elements No Child Labor No Forced Labor Health & Safety Freedom of Association Freedom from Discrimination Disciplinary Practices Restricted Work Hours Compensation to Meet Basic Needs Management System for Continuous Improvement
Corporate Social Responsibility The need for organizations in both public and private sectors to behave in a socially responsible way- a generalized requirement of society. ISO has already launched the International Standard providing guidelines for social responsibility (SR) ISO 26000:2010 (28.10.2010)
ISO 26000:2010 ISO 26000:2010 provides guidance to all types of organizations, regardless of their size or location, on: concepts, terms and definitions related to social responsibility; the background, trends and characteristics of social responsibility; principles and practices relating to social responsibility; the core subjects and issues of social responsibility; integrating, implementing and promoting socially responsible behavior throughout the organization and, through its policies and practices, within its sphere of influence; identifying and engaging with stakeholders; and communicating commitments, performance and other information related to social responsibility.
Future Supply chain management? Life cycle management? Integrated corporate management? Integrated management of city, area, region? Industrial ecology approach? Depends on all of you!
Integrated management system Definition necessary, can consist of any number of any particular systems Usually basic combination of QMS, EMS and OHSMS, sometimes SA included Modern approach to add product tools to EMS - POEMS
Model of ISO 14000 family Model.pdf - link
Why product tools? Previously IMS oriented on process management, but Production process depends on product design: Raw materials Auxiliary materials Production process installation Non-product outputs Etc.
Product tools overview Mix of voluntary and legal tools: Ecodesign (design for environment) LCA Environmental labels and declarations Environmental taxes Green (public) procurement Green marketing Extended producers responsibility
ISO 14001:2004 Neustálé zlepšování Continual improvement Přezkoumání vedením organizace Management review Environmentální politika Environmental policy Plánování Planning Checking Kontrola Zavedení a provoz Implementation and operation
Cleaner production in EMS Process tools CPA Product tools ecodesign LCA environmental labels and declarations
CP requirements in ISO 14001:2004 3 Terms and definitions 3.18 prevention of pollution use of processes, practices, techniques, materials, products, services or energy to avoid, reduce or control (separately or in combination) the creation,emission or discharge of any type of pollutant or waste,in order to reduce adverse environmental impacts
Cont. 4.2 Environmental Policy b) includes a commitment to continual improvement and prevention of pollution, 4.3.3 Objectives, targets and programme(s) The objectives and targets shall be measurable, where practicable, and consistent with the environmental policy,including the commitments to prevention of pollution,
CP process tool - CPA 4.3.3 Objectives, targets and programme(s) The organization shall establish, implement and maintain documented environmental objectives and targets = CP programmes Definition 3.18 note: Prevention of pollution can include source reduction or elimination,process,product or service changes, efficient use of resources, material and energy substitution, reuse, recovery, recycling, reclamation and treatment.
CP product tools 3.6 environmental aspect Element of an organization's activities or products or services that can interact with the environment Product-related environmental aspects control tools: Ecodesign LCA (life cycle thinking!) Environmental labels and declarations
Environmental Performance Evaluation Environmental Audits (ISO 19 011) EPI (ISO 14 031) 1. MPI (status and trends of management system) 2. OPI (status and trends of company operations) 3. ECI (status of surrounding environment)
Etc. Etc. According to the conference programme you will discuss particular problems mentioned briefly here in more detail Thank you for your attention