APPENDIX 19 INSTRUCTIONS SYKE and Pöyry Building Services Oy Date 3.5.2010 Page 1 (5) Authors Ari Nissinen, SYKE, and Timo Rintala, Pöyry ari.nissinen@ymparisto.fi timo.rintala@poyry.com Material efficiency and carbon footprint, source data and result forms for carbon footprints Synergy building 1 BACKGROUND FOR THE METHODOLOGY Material efficiency and the ecological sustainability of the materials are indicated in this design competition especially by the greenhouse gas emissions of the production and maintenance of the building materials at the 100-year assessment period (carbon footprint). Measuring life cycle environmental impacts and carbon footprint is not a mainstream procedure in the design of buildings. Most architects and other designers presumably lack experience of life cycle assessment methods. And many material choices are done or at least essentially specified only after competition, in the further planning of the building. For these reasons, this methodology does not aim to reach accurate results of material amounts and carbon footprint, but instead, show the largest differences caused by such factors as the extent of the building and the material choices in the main structures of the building. The materials quantities and carbon footprints will be considered only as indicative, and they will be used as a support for expert evaluations. 2 CALCULATIONS The amounts of materials must be estimated on the main structures of the building, typical for the building and significant in terms of their extent and amounts of materials. The following structures are included in the analysis: bottom floor external wall structures windows and glass walls load-bearing partitions frame (columns and beams) intermediate floors top floor / roof structure, insulation and surface materials.
2 The material inventory should take into account the possible need to renew or replace façade or roofing materials over a 100-year review period. Inventory of materials may ignore coatings such as paints, final leveling plasters and floor coverings. However, such materials as the leveling concrete used over hollow core floor slabs need to be included in calculations. An excel-file has been distributed to competitors to perform the calculations (see a view from this in Appendix 19.1). Specific weights and greenhouse gas emissions are given for various building materials in Appendix 19.2. Intermediate results for the typical main structures include: - the volume of the main structural type (i.e. the volume of materials in the type of main structure) - the volumes of different materials (per area, e.g. 1 m 2 ), and weights calculated automatically from the volumes - estimate of the weights of fixing and bond parts/materials. After the information above has been introduced, the excel-file calculates the carbon footprint of the main structural type (per area, m 2 ). One can introduce 1-3 different types of each main structure. Taking into account the areas of each type of main structure, the excel-file adds up the carbon footprints of the main structures, producing an estimate of the carbon footprint of the main structures of the building (sheet Main structures together in the excel-file). If desired, the competitors may additionally present another calculation, using other values for greenhouse gas emissions than those presented in the Appendix 19.2. However, the values must be justified and the building materials and products must be such that they can be relevant in the building process of SYNERGIA house. And the calculation must in any case also be produced with the values of Appendix 19.2. 3 REPORTING Competitors must produce the following material in order to describe the material efficiency and ecological sustainability of the materials of the competition entry: Quantity survey of construction (m2 and kg) based on IFC model or other calculation method. Structural details of the competition entry s most common main structural types, showing the most important materials in terms of their amounts. Carbon footprint calculation in the excel-file 'Carbon-footprint-of- SYNERGIA-main-structures_v-2010-05-03.xls', and additionally the summary sheet Main structures together as a printed copy. The competitor may also attach a written summary describing how the material efficiency and ecological sustainability of materials has been taken into account in the competition entry (max. 2 pages).
3 SYKE Synergia building Appendix APPENDIX 19.1 18.1 p. 1 Senaatti-Kiinteistöt MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT Structure-specific calculations Type of structure Base floor /1 Total area in the building: m 2 Default area (i.e. area for which the volume of each material is given) 1 m 2 Volume of the structure, per default area m 3 Verbal description of the structure (give below): check: 0 dm 3 (i.e. liters) In addition, attach a figure of the structural details, indicating main materials. Building materials and their carbon footprint Material Properties Volume Weight Replacing Carbon footprint (Starting from outside) (See materials and their properties in Appendix 18.2. of the Instructions) Specific weight Greenhouse gas emissions Carbon per default area is automatically calculated If no replacing during 100 y ears, value (w eight per is 1 v olume) kg/m 3 g CO 2 -eq/kg g CO 2 -eq/kg dm 3 (i.e. liters) kg kg CO 2 -eq emissions Introduce here the materials, that are easier to estimate by weight than volume: Weight Nails, fixing materials 500 SUMMARY check above 0 0 0 0 Carbon footprint of the structure per square meter, kg CO 2 -eq / m 2 0 0 Carbon footprint of the structure type in the building, kg CO 2 -eq 0 0
4 SYKE Synergia building APPENDIX Appendix 18.119.1 p. 2 p. 2 Senaatti-Kiinteistöt Contact person: Ari Nissinen, SYKE, ari.nissinen@ymparisto.fi Name of the competition entry: MATERIAL EFFICIENCY AND CARBON FOOTPRINT SUMMARY SHEET: Main structures together - Carbon footprint Structures Total area Carbon footprint in the building emissions together m 2 kg CO 2 -eq kg CO 2 -eq kg CO 2 -eq Base floor / 0 0 Base floor /2 0 0 0 0 Base floor /3 0 0 0 0 Base floors together 0 0 0 0 Exterior wall / 0 0 Exterior wall /2 0 0 0 0 Exterior wall /3 0 0 0 0 Exterior walls together 0 0 0 0 Windows and glass walls / 0 0 Windows and glass walls /2 0 0 0 0 Windows and glass walls /3 0 0 0 0 Windows and glass walls togeth 0 0 0 0 Load-bearing partitions / 0 0 Load-bearing partitions /2 0 0 0 0 Load-bearing partitions /3 0 0 0 0 Load-bearing partitions togethe 0 0 0 0 Frame / 0 0 Frame /2 0 0 0 0 Frame /3 0 0 0 0 Frame together 0 0 0 0 Floor slabs / 0 0 Floor slabs /2 0 0 0 0 Floor slabs /3 0 0 0 0 Floor slabs together 0 0 0 0 Roof / 0 0 Roof /2 0 0 0 0 Roof /3 0 0 0 0 Roof together 0 0 0 0 Carbon footprint emissions together kg CO2-eq kg CO2-eq kg CO2-eq Main structures together 0 0 0
5 Material Mass per volume Greenhouse gas emission Carbon kg/m 3 g CO 2 -eq/kg (1 g CO 2 -eq/kg Appendix Source (3 APPENDIX 19.2 18.2 Concrete products Steel used for concrete reinforcement 7 850 440 IISI Euroopean average, EAF-route K35 ready-mixed concrete 2 400 140 RT Environmental Declaration K80 ready-mixed concrete 2 400 200 RT Environmental Declaration K60 multicore slab 2 400 170 RT Environmental Declaration K60 double T-slab 2 400 210 RT Environmental Declaration Metal products Steel pipe 7 850 1 090 RT Environmental Declaration Structural hollow sections, steel pipe piles, steel sections 7 850 1 090 RT Environmental Declaration Welded steel beam 7 850 780 Rautaruukki Hot-dip galvanized steel products 7 850 1 040 Rautaruukki Cold-rolled steel sheets and coils 7 850 880 Rautaruukki oyj IISI-data Ruukki Hot worked steel sheet 7 850 730 Ruukki, RT Environmental Declaration Paint coated steel sheets and coils 7 850 1 070 RT Environmental Declaration Steel wire rope 7 300 2 680 Fundia wire oy Aluminium profile (85%) 2 700 3 640 Scanaluminium Copper products 8 900 5 470 Seppälä et al. 2000, Suomen ympäristö 438 Brickwork products Lime brick for external cladding 1 750 180 Optiroc Oy Lime brick for dividing wall 1 750 150 Optiroc Oy Burnt clay brick 1 300 220 Wienerberger Oy Block of lightweight aggregate concrete 700 330 Betonikeskus ry Expanded clay aggregate concrete panel 880 270 Rakennusbetoni- ja elementti Oy Autoclaved aerated concrete 440 280 RT Environmental Declaration Building mortar M100/600 1 800 140 Optiroc-house Block mortar M100/500 1 800 220 Optiroc-house Thin mortar joint 1 800 220 Optiroc-house Lime plaster 50/50 1 800 130 Optiroc-house Average filler 1 800 170 VTT research report Concrete roof tile 44 kg/m2 140 Ormax, Lafarge Roofing oy Wood and board products Glued laminated timber 440 330 1 600 RT Environmental Declaration Sawn timber 480 70 1 600 RT Environmental Declaration, VTT optiroc-house Dried floor board/plank 480 90 1 600 LCA-saha data-sheet Planed board/plank (for indoor use) 480 110 1 600 LCA-saha data-sheet Glued laminated beam 500 230 1 600 Pöyry Fibreboard, softboard 300 420 1 600 RT Environmental Declaration Medium-density fibreboard 780 270 1 600 Karlit ab/trätek envi.decl. Hardboard 950 130 1 600 Karlit ab/trätek envi.decl. Chipboard 670 390 1 600 VTT research report / Puhos-board Oy Standard conifer plywood 450 600 1 600 RT Environmental Declaration Standard birch plywood 660 720 1 600 Puuinfo Oy, RT Environmental Declaration Gypsum board 9 or 11.7 kg/m2 390 RT Environmental Declaration Plastic products Polyethene (HD) 940 2 410 Apme.org Polypropylene 905 2 100 ELCD database, polypropylenen fibres (PP) LDPE, Low-density polyethylene foil 940 2 100 Apme.org Insulating materials Wood fibre insulant from collected paper - Termex 26-65 220 800 RT Environmental Declaration Wood fibre insulant from collected paper - Ekovilla 30-65 180 800 RT Environmental Declaration Expanded clay aggregate/lightweight aggregate 290 420 Optiroc Oy Stone wool 22-250 990 RT Environmental Declaration Glass wool 20 800 Isover Oy PUR, polyurethan 4 230 VTT calculations on SPU-insulant Polystyrene, floor board 15 3 600 Apme.org Extrusion-compressed polystrene 38 3 600 Apme.org Other materials Bitumen polymer sheeting - 1 210 VTT optiroc-house Sheet glass, flat glass 2 500 660 VTT energy-corrected Pilkington Ltd Window frame Calculate your-self in the excel-sheet, using the material amounts. Reused (i.e. old ones) structures and materials (2 0 1) At factory gate; the jury may complement the calculation by the emissions of the transport (especially if long distance). 2) The jury may complement the calculation by emissions from the processing and transport of the material 3) A large part of the sources and values collected by Timo Rintala/Pöyry. RT Environmental declarations: www.rts.fi. Rough estimates of the carbon were based on the RT Environmental Declarations of following products: sawn timber, glued laminated timber, birch plywood. The carbon of wood fibre insulants, made from waste paper, is a very rough estimate based on materials of the insulant.