Energy efficient building designs Minni Mehrotra Research Associate, TERI Centre for Research on Sustainable Building Design Minnim@teri teri.res.in International training workshop on Key vulnerabilities in small island developing states: scope for technology cooperation with India 22-25 25 August, 2005
Challenges in small island developing states Dependence on fossil fuels for energy production. Limited Natural fresh water resources Waste Management Recycling of materials - Disposal & Reuse Disaster Management
Impact of buildings on the environment Consumers of electricity produced from fossil fuels. GHG emissions contribute to climate change and acid rain. Depletes land and natural resources Generate waste which causes land, air and water pollution. Eco- system
-CO 2 emissions -acid rain - ozone depletion - rainforest depletion - environmental policy - transport strategy - building maintenance - site selection - urban design - landscape planning Energy efficient building design Criteria & Factors - air quality - thermal comfort - lighting & noise - hazardous materials - energy performance - renewable energy - water conservation - material selection - recycling of materials - waste management - disposal & reuse
Site selection and sustainable site planning Site selection and development of site infrastructure to reduce vehicular transportation and easy access to daily facilities. Site layout with respect to wind direction and sun path. Appropriate erosion control mechanisms, top soil preservation, prevent run- off from site & prevent heat island effect. Reduce site disruption by appropriate planning, preservation of natural vegetation, appropriate landscaping. Energy efficient lighting on site including the use of renewable energy sources for external lighting.
Teri campus at Gual pahari, a unique experience in sustainable and energy efficient building design Minimal depletion of plant cover Efficient infrastructure planning Minimise transportation lengths Untouched natural habitats Water harvesting Energy efficient site lighting, solar energy based campus lighting.
Site specific guidelines for eco- housing, Sri Lanka
Energy efficiency Reduction in energy demand Use of solar passive strategies, use of on site sources and sinks Maximise system efficiency Use of renewable forms of energy. RETREAT Building, Gual Pahari, off the grid. i.e. energy efficient building drawing power from renewables.
Enhance system efficiency and maximise use of renewable forms of energy Use of energy efficient lighting and control devices. Use of low energy space conditioning systems. Use of renewable forms of energy e.g. wind, biomass, solar for thermal application and electricity generation.
BSBE building, Kanpur RETREAT, Gual Pahari Integration of solar water heating system, RETREAT
Building material selection Maximize the use of regional/locally manufactured products Best fit options as per the climate suitability and specific construction requirements for that particular region Allow significant reduction in transportation (with delivery radius <100 kms) contribute to low embodied energy consumption and life cycle costs Materials with reusable & recyclable potential/use industrial by products Use materials, which are manufactured from waste or recycled materials, products which can be reused
Water management Water quality standards and treatment required. Reduction of water use by efficient fixtures and fittings. Reduce landscape water requirement by using indigenous species, enhancing irrigation efficiencies, restricting water consuming landscaping e.g. lawns. Waste water treatment/recycling/reuse Rain water harvesting for storage/recharge
Waste management Appropriate waste segregation and collection Identify facilities for recycling of non biodegradable wastes such as plastics, glass and paper Develop decentralised treatment systems based on composting or anaerobic digestion process for segregated organic waste at the site Identify appropriate options for use of by products biogas and manure from treated organic waste Develop norms for use of by products based on local standards Develop norms for disposal of non degradable and inert waste in landfills based on local standards to ensure safe environment in the surrounding areas
Conclusions Green building solutions are economically viable with minimal environmental footprint which can bring about 30-40% energy savings in new buildings and 20% savings in existing buildings with reduction in... demand on the fossil fuels emissions pressure on natural resources e.g. water. waste generation