January 26th, 2016 Overview of SINET5 Shigeki Yamada National Institute of Informatics (NII), Japan

January 26th, 2016 Overview of SINET5 Shigeki Yamada National Institute of Informatics (NII), Japan

Science Information Network (SINET) SINET is a research and education network for more than 800 universities and research institutions, including all national universities and major institutions, and for about 3 million users. The current version, SINET4, covers all 47 prefectures with a maximum line bandwidth of 40 Gbps and has four 10-Gbps international lines for international collaborative research. GÉANT RENATER TEIN CalREN Pacific Wave Los Angeles CAnet4 ESnet Internet2 MAN LAN WIX NORDUnet New York SURFnet Washington DC Sapporo Singapore AARnet RedCLARA REUNA : Core (8 sites) : (42 sites) : Core Line (40 Gbps) : Core Line (10 Gbps) : Line (40 Gbps) Fukuoka : Line (10 Gbps) : Line (2.4 Gbps) Osaka Tokyo To Los Angeles To New York To Washington D.C. To Singapore 1

2 Infrastructure for Cutting-edge Research SINET facilitates the sharing of research facilities in various research areas, fosters secure collaboration among researchers, promotes cloud services, and enhances educational environment of universities. Earthquake Sensors LHD Domestic Facilities Satellite Database DDBJ J-PARC International Facilities LHC ITER Academic Cloud Services Cloud Facilities Collaboration evlbi HPCI SPring-8 &SACLA Neutrino Belle II ALMA evlbi International Lines Open Access Databases Resource Sharing Cloud Services Education VPN VPN VPN Secure Collaboration MOOCs 817 Organizations

Usage Example in High-Energy Physics Belle/ Belle II and Super Kamiokande experiments use SINET L3/L2VPNs in order to securely share large amounts of data between participating universities. ATLAS experiment for Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Switzerland uses SINET international lines in order to share measured data between participating countries and Japan. Belle/Belle II Measuring Devices for KEKB/Super KEKB CP Violation Source: High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and University of Tokyo Neutrino Kamioka Other Univs. Osaka Univ. Belle Novel Prize in 2008 Data SINET L3/L2VPN Nagoya Univ. Tokyo Institute of Technology Belle II (soon) Univ. of Tokyo Tohoku Univ. Tsukuba International lines Super Kamiokande Novel Prize in 2015 ATLAS Measuring Device for LHC Higgs Particle ATLAS Drs. Higgs and Englert in 2013 Switzerland 3

Usage Example in Nuclear Fusion Science Large Helical Device (LHD) and its measured data are shared among universities and NIFS through SINET VPN, and the data volume has been increasing. Rokkasho-mura, the remote site of ITER, is open for supercomputer simulations from Europe. 2002 LHD data Tokyo Univ. Source: National Institute for Fusion Science (NIFS) 2005 2019 ITER Kyoto Univ. Large Helical Device (LHD) L3VPN/VPLS ITER data ITER remote site (Rokkasho-mura) QUEST data Kyushu Univ. NIFS s data collection system for LHD QUEST (Q-shuUniv. Exp. with Steady- State Spherical Tokamak) ITER in France 4

Usage Example in Seismology This project gathers the data measured at earthquake sensors into data collection devices and distributes the data to all the collection devices by using SINET VPLS broadcast capabilities. Source: Earthquake Research Institute, the Univ. of Tokyo Data Analysis Hokkaido Univ. VPLS (Broadcast) Hirosaki Univ. Earthquake sensors Kanazawa Univ. Tohoku Univ. Nagasaki Univ. Kyushu Univ. Kagoshima Univ. Hiroshima Univ. Kyoto Univ. SINET VPLS Nagoya Univ. Kochi Univ. JAMSTEC Univ. of Tokyo Earthquake sensors : Earthquake data collection and distribution device Japan Meteorological Agency 5

Astronomical evlbi transfers huge amounts of measured data (over 8 Gbps) by using on-demand layer-1 paths which are established between remote antennas and NAOJ. * VLBI: Very Long Baseline Interferometry Celestial object Usage Example in Astronomy Source: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Tomakomai 11m Yamaguchi 32m SINET L1OD L1 on-demand Server Gifu 11m Request (Destinations, duration, bandwidth, and options) Quasi-stellar object imaged by evlbi Tsukuba 32m NAOJ : On-demand layer-1 path Researcher 6

7 Usage Example in Geodesy Geodesic evlbi forms a global virtual telescope through international collaboration and monitors plate motions, locates Japan's position in the world, and monitors the orientation of the earth. Source: Geographical Survey Institute Findings: Distance between two countries, Speed of the earth s rotation, TIGO: Transportable Integrated Geodetic Observatory

Usage Example in ALMA Telescope The ALMA project is a global partnership of Europe, North America and East Asia (led by Japan) in cooperation with Chile to operate a ultra-high performance radio telescope consisting of 66 high-precision antennas. ALMA: Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Source: National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ) Credit: ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO) SINET SINET LosAngeles NewYork Unexpected Spiral Structure Tokyo PacificWave AtlanticWave Tijuana Miami R Sculptoris ALMA Artist s View Panama RedCLARA Atacama Desert (5000 meters) Santiago REUNA SaoPaulo 8

NII CONFIDENTIAL Usage Example in 8K Ultra HDTV Transmission Transmission of 8K Ultra HDTV (which has 7680 x 4320 pixels, 16 times higher than HDTV) is sometimes done for public viewing of big events. NHK performed public viewing of 2014 World Cup in Brazil in collaboration with NTT. Source: NTT Laboratories Route 2 Tokyo Route 1 Seattle New York Miami Public Viewing during World Cup 2014 18,000-km Experimental Network between Brazil and Japan Bandwidth: 400Mbps Rio de Janeiro Sao Paulo World Cup in 2014 9

10 Cloud Services over SINET SINET promotes directly-connected cloud datacenters in collaboration with service providers in order to provide users with high-performance, secure, and inexpensive cloud services. 68 universities utilize this type of cloud services through SINET L2VPNs. Cloud Datacenters Direct Connection Sapporo Selectable University A University B Fukuoka Kobe Osaka Gifu Yokohama Tokyo

From SINET4 to SINET5 SINET5 aims to attain the world s most-advanced network, strengthen international connectivity, and enhance upper-layer services including cloud services to meet various user demands. SINET4 SINET5 (from April 2016) 1) 40-Gbps lines between core sites 2) Four 10-Gbps international lines 3) Advanced network services such as VPNs and bandwidth on demand +) High availability even for the big earthquake : 40-Gbps line : 10-Gbps line : 2.4-Gbps line Asia USA, Europe 1) 100-Gbps lines between all prefectures 2) High-performance international lines 3) Enhancement of upper-layer services - Promotion of utilizing cloud services - Promotion of open access and open science - Network services dedicated to above : Domestic line (100 Gbps or more) : International line (100 Gbps) : International line (10Gbps) Europe Environment surrounding SINET Various research fields desire higher-speed lines Cloud services increase traffic volume in SINET 100-Gbps lines become popular in many NRENs such as Internet2, GEANT, and CERNET. Asia USA 11

New Directions for Academic Infrastructure SINET5 plan has been approved as one of the most important projects for research and education by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Collaboration and Promotion in Research and Education Open Access and Sharing of Academic Data Support of Cooperation among Universities Promotion of academic information circulation and open access Collaborative promotion of institutional repository expansion Collaborative enhancement of authentication for mutual resource utilization GakuNin Federation Promotion of Utilizing Cloud Services Security Enhancement Flow Analysis Dramatic cost reduction and enhancement of R&E environment by promoting tailored cloud services GakuNin-Cloud Direct Connection Network flow analysis and dynamic flow control Raise of security level for SINET users VPN Advanced, High-Performance, and Reliable Network Nationwide 100-Gbps backbone network and possible deployment of 400G/1Tbps High-speed direct international lines to USA, Europe, and Asia Introduction of new technologies such as SDN in response to users needs 12

Network Topology of SINET5 SINET5 uses nationwide dark fibers with redundancy in order to create a scalable and reliable backbone network. Each SINET node is connected with each other by ROADMs and MPLS-TP devices. SINET SINET SINET Router Router Router ROADM +MPLS-TP ROADM +MPLS-TP ROADM +MPLS-TP : Dark Fiber : Wavelength Path : MPLS-TP Path To London Osaka Tokyo : Dark Fiber : Leased Line : SINET To Los Angeles To New York To Singapore 13

Fully-Meshed Topology and Minimized Latency SINET5 directly connects each pair of IP routers with the corresponding MPLS-TP paths. This fully-meshed topology creates a minimized-latency and SDN-friendly backbone network. SINET4 Star-like topology Resource-consuming secondary circuits SINET5 Fully-meshed topology with redundancy Non-resource-consuming secondary paths : Leased Line (Primary Circuit) : Leased Line (Secondary Circuit) : MPLS-TP Path (Primary) : MPLS-TP Path (Secondary) GW GW Core Core Core : 100 Gbps or more : SINET 14

International Lines of SINET5 SINET5 will have direct international lines to USA, Europe, and Asia. USA: 100-Gbps line to Los Angeles, 10-Gbps line to New York, and 10-Gbps backup line Europe: Two 10-Gbps lines to London for small latency Asia: 10-Gbps line to Singapore London NORDUnet GÉANT TEIN Tokyo CalREN Pacific Wave Los Angeles CAnet4 ESnet Internet2 MAN LAN New York Singapore RedCLARA AARnet REUNA : 100-Gbps line : 10-Gbps line From April 2016 to March 2019 15

Schedule for SINET5 We completed the performance test of the domestic backbone network and will install international lines on February and March. We just started the migration from SINET4 to SINET5 toward the full-scale operation on April 1st. 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 SINET4 Migration Procurement, Design, and Construction SINET5 (6 years) Full-Scale Operation on April 1 st Nationwide 100-Gbps Backbone Network 100-Gbps Line to Los Angeles + 10-Gbps Line to New York Two 10-Gbps Lines to London 100-Gbps Line to London Today 16

Thank you very much! 17