Interfacing Literary Studies with Corpus Approaches

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2010 3 33 2 1004-5139 2010 02-0082 - 08 Journal of Foreign Languages IO - 03 March 2010 Vol.33 No.2 D * 1 2 1. 100048 2. 100024 20 80 Interfacing Literary Studies with Corpus Approaches LI Jin 1 LANG Jianguo 2 1. College of Foreign Languages Capital Normal University Beijing 100048 China 2. School of English Language Literature and Culture Beijing International Studies University Beijing 100024 China Abstract Corpus approaches to literature have been in practice since the 1980s. Terms such as corpus stylistics computational stylistics stylometry statistical stylistics and quantitative stylistics have been adopted to refer to related research. The paper aims to clarify the above terms to characterize the features of the development of corpusbased study of literature and to demonstrate the significance of integrating corpus approaches into literary studies. While the earlier stage of such study is characterized by an analysis of the language of literature the testing of the patterns of speech and thought presentations in fiction and the attestation of intuitive literary interpretations the current development of the study is directed at exploring the hidden meaning in a literary text. It is contended that literary studies can be enriched when scholars make full use of corpus approaches on the basis of a critical reading of a literary text. Key words corpus literary studies stylistics 1 46 20 80 19 * 82

2001 1 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 Michael Toolan David L. Hoover 2009 7 20 7 23 2 colloquia Corpus Linguistics and Literature 2 Language and Literature Style Corpora Narrative Literary and Linguistics Computing Computers and the Humanities Springer 2005 Language Resources and Evaluation 1. 2004 Semino & Short 3 7 50 Culpeper 3 68 60 corpus stylistics 80 Richard Bradford Hunston Stylistics 7 50-51 4 96 2006 90 獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉獉 獉 4 1 5 87-88 2 http / /www. liv. ac. uk /english /CL2009 / Workshops% 20and% 20colloquia. htm 3 Semino E. and M. Short. Corpus Stylistics Speech writing and thought presentation in a corpus of english writing C. London Routledge 2004 4. J. 2007 2 6 38 100-102. 2008 J. 2002 3 56-59 83

8 79 9 106 2003 5 2005 9 105 corpus-based approaches to 1981 Mick Short figurative language Geoffrey Leech Style in Fiction A linguistic introduction to English fictional prose corpus approaches to the language speech and thought presentation 13 of literature 1 2 40 2000 88 631 high 3 literature popular fiction broadsheet newspapers 4 tabloid 10 110-111 1981 5 14 10 111 narrator s report of voice internal narration 10 123 130 2000 26 6 writing presentation 11 2001 12 20 5 The methods I use here can be called corpus stylistics but the latter is so nascent a subfield of corpus linguistics that the designation is presumptuous. 6 2001 84

9 15 7 18 92-93 1 2 2006 Corpus Approaches to the deviation 3 Language of Literature 19 collocation colligation 16 2 Bill Louw Peter Stockwell 20 17 Michaela Mahlberg 2. patterns innovative categories 21 2500 collocations clusters lexical items local textual 獉獉獉獉獉 functions 21 獉獉 17 8 23 19 18 18 29 18 100-101 Firth node 18 102 7 Semino E. and Short M. Corpus Stylistics Speech writing and thought presentation in a corpus of English narratives C. London Routledge 2004 8 John Sinclair form sense 1 49 85

22 2005 獉 2007 獉獉獉獉獉獉 Ylva 90 Berglund Prytz 2005 2007 23 2006 2006 Stubbs 27 27 Kieran O Halloran 24 Stanley Fish 9 blending 28 80 29 25 1 26 219 2 2009 7 3 18 104 corpus linguistics and literature corpus approaches to the language of literature 86 9

38 30 81 瑏瑠 computation 1 / 2 3 瑏瑡 - 32 295 39 Stylometry 33 61 33 306 80 34 40 14-15 35 Delta 2001 2007 2007 瑏瑠 computational stylistics stylometry statistical stylistics quantitative stylistics 36 31 30 37 瑏瑡 87

van Peer 8 Hardy Donald E. Corpus Stylistics as a Discovery Procedure A. Greg Watson and Sonia Zyngier. Literature and Stylistics for Language Learners 41 Theory and Practice C. New York Palgrave Macmillan 2007. 79-89. 9 Toolan Michael. Narrative Progression in the Short 41 301 Story First Steps in a Corpus Stylistic Approach J. Narrative 2008 2 105-120. 10 Short Mick Elena Semino and Jonathan Culpeper. Using a corpus for stylistics research speech and thought presentation A. Jenny Thomas and Mick Short. Using Corpora for Language Research C. Beijing Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press 2001. 110-131. 11 Wynne M. M. Short and E. Semino. A corpusbased investigation of speech thought and writing presentation in English narrative texts A. Antoinette Renouf. Explorations in Corpus Linguistics C. Amsterdam Rodopi 1998. 233-247. 12 Short Mick. Style in Fiction and Non-fiction A corpus-based approach to speech thought and writing presentation OL. http / /ucrel. lancs. ac. uk/cl2001. html accessed 31/01/2009. 2001. 13 Corpus Linguistics OL. http / /ucrel. lancs. ac. uk /cl2003 / accessed 31 /01 /2009. 2003. 1. C. 2002. OL. http / /www. pala. ac. uk/resources/sigs/corpusstyle/birmingham. htm accessed 31/01/2009. 2 Corpus Linguistics Conference 2009 OL. http / /www. 15 Short Mick. Why Did Those Lancastrians Bother liv. ac. uk/english/cl2009/ accessed 09/05/ 2009. to Annotate a Corpus for Speech Writing and 3. Thought Presentation Categories and What Good Did it Do Them OL. http / /www. pala. ac. uk / J. 2005 4 68-72. resources / sigs / corpus-style / abstracts. htm#short. 4. Richard Bradford J. 2004 1 96-97. 5. OL. http / /www. pala. ac. uk /resources /sigs / J. 2008 2 85-89. corpus-style /Corpora _ stylistics. pdf. accessed 6. 31 /01 /2009. 2005. J. 2004 2 37-39. 7 Baker Paul Andrew Hardie and Tony McEnery. 88 A Glossary of Corpus Linguistics Z. Edinburgh Edinburgh UP 2006. 14 Corpus Approaches to the Language of Literature. A one day pre-conference workshop. Corpus Linguistics 2005 accessed 31 /01 /2009. 2005. 16 Wynne Martin. Stylistics Corpus Approaches 17 Louw Bill. Collocation and Semantic Prosodies in Literature and in Corpora OL. http / /www. pala. ac. uk/resources/sigs/corpus-style/abstracts. htm. accessed 31/01/2009.

18 Louw Bill. Literary Worlds as Collocation A. Greg Watson and Sonia Zyngier. Literature and Stylistics for Language Learners Theory and Practice C. New York Palgrave Macmillan 2007. 91-105. 19 Corpus Approaches to the Language of Literature OL. http / /ahds. ac. uk /litlangling /events / approaches /home. htm accessed 31 /01 /2009. 20 Louw Bill. Collocation Corpora and Criticism OL. http / /ahds. ac. uk/ print /litlangling/events/ approaches/louw. htm accessed 16/12/2008. 21 Mahlberg Michaela. Corpus Stylistics Methodology theory and patterns in literary texts OL. http / / ahds. ac. uk/ print / litlangling/ events/ approaches/mahlberg. htm accessed 16/12/2008. 22 Mahlberg Michaela. Clusters key clusters and local textual functions in Dickens J. Corpora 2007 1 1-31. 23 Wynne Martin and Ylva Berglund. Corpus Approaches to the Language of Literature. Proceedings of the Corpus Linguistics Conference. CL2007 OL. http / / ucrel. lancs. ac. uk/ publications/ CL2007/ abstract/235 _Abstract. pdf- accessed 31/01/2009. 24 O Halloran Kieran The subconscious in James Joyce s Eveline A corpus stylistic analysis that chews on the Fish hook J. Language and Literature 2007 3 227-244. 25 O Halloran Kieran. Corpus-assisted literary evaluation J. Corpora 2007 1 33-63. 26 Mahlberg Michaela. Corpus stylistics bridging the gap between linguistic and literary studies A. M. Hoey et al. Text Discourse and Corpora Theory and Analysis C. London Continuum 2007. 219-246. 27. J. 41 van Peer Willie. Quantitative studies of literature 2000 1 22-28. 28 Leech Geoffrey. Style in Fiction Revisited the Beginning of Great Expectations J. Style 2007 2 117-132. 29 Semino Elena. A cognitive stylistic approach to mind style in narrative fiction A. Elena Semino and Jonathan Culpeper. Cognitive Stylistics Language and Cognition in Text Analysis C. Amsterdam John Benjamins 2002. 95-122. 30. M. 2004. 31. J. 1988 3 28-34. 32. J. 2008 4 293-298. 33. Z. 2004. 34 Burrows John. Computation into Criticism A Study of Jane Austen s Novels and an Experiment in Method M. Oxford Clarendon 1987. 35 Burrows John. The Englishing of Juvenal Computational stylistics and translated texts J. Style 2002 4 677-698. 36 Hoover David L. Corpus Stylistics Stylometry and the Styles of Henry James J. Style 2007 2 174-203. 37 Hoover David L. Statistical stylistics and authorship attribution an empirical investigation J. Literary and Linguistic Computing 2001 4 421-444. 38 Hoover David L. Quantitative analysis and literary studies A. Ray Siemens and Susan Schreibman. A Companion to Digital Literary Studies C. Oxford Blackwell 2008. 39 Stubbs Michael. Conrad in the computer examples of quantitative stylistic methods J. Language and Literature 2005 1 5-24. 40 Stubbs Michael. 2007. The Turn of the Linguists Text analysis interpretation. 1-16 OL. Pre- Publication Version. http / /www. uni-trier. de / fileadmin /fb2 /ANG /Linguistik /Stubbs /stubbs- 2008-james-tots. pdf accessed 09 /05 /2009. a critique and an outlook J. Computers and the Humanities 1989 4-5 301-307. 2009-05 - 18 1971-1966 - 89