2 1 2004 3 Science of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 2 No. 1 Mar. 2004 ( 712100 ) GIS BP ; ; ; 1985 USLE RUSLE [2 ] USLE RUSLE 30 RUSLE 112 11211 ( Chinese Soil Loss Equa2 tion CSLE) 3 USLE A = RKLSB ET 1 ( Empirical Model) 111 ; L ; B ; E ; T (Universal Soil Loss Equation USLE) ( Reversed Universal Soil Loss Equa2 tion RUSLE) Wischmeier Smith [1 ] USLE ( B) ( E) ( T) USLE A = RKLSCP [3 A ; R 11212 ] ; K ; L ; S ; C ; P 2 A ; R R = EI 30 ; K ; S USLE 2003 09 12 2003 10 16 973 (2002CB111502) ; (20030712001) (1980 ) E2mail eco @ms. iswc. ac. cn 3.. 12 2002 1995-2004 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
1 53 21113 (Areal Non2 M sa / M wa = 31182 I 0183 M sa ; M wa ; I tion ANSWERS) Beasley [9 ] ANSWERS I = R 015 - R 018 - p R 315 s h D 012 h R h D h R p [10 R s ] Beasley [11 ] 11213 [4 ] [12 ] M s = 0137 M 1115 J KP M s ; M 212 ; J ; K 21211 ; P [13 ] 9 ( ) ; 1 2 ( Physical Process Based Model) point Source Watershed Environmental Response Simula2 211 2 21111 ( Water Erosion Prediction Mod2 el WEPP) USLE E [5 ] 1986 (Water Erosion Prediction Project2WEPP) 1987 E = 01832 C A C E f 11675 I L 01175 5 S 11272 0 D50-01658 [6 ] WEPP C A C E ; f I WEPP ; L ; S 0 ; D 50 [14 WEPP 21212 ] 21112 ( European Soil Ero2 3 sion Model EUROSEM) Morgan [7 ] 2 Horton EUROSEM EUROSEM Yang [8 ] 1995-2004 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
54 2004 4 21213 411 GIS [15 ] 1991 De Roo [17 ] LISEM (Limberg Soil Erosion Model) 3 LISEM 1) GIS D b = 01015J ( E R / ) exp (2168sin - 0148 C v ) GIS [18 D b ; J ] GIS 1 ; E R G P 0125 mm E R = 28183 + 1315 log I I ; S C M 5 ; ; C v L = 305 210 P 01788 7 G 11994 5 M 01018 98 S - 01096 16-01001 44 C e 2) GIS D r = 11766 10-7 Er - 418-015 D r ; E r E r = GIS 0101 ghasin g GIS H A 412 BP [19 ; ] 3 [20 ] SHE ( Systeme [21 ] Hydrologique Europeen) SHE BP BP [16 ] D n = K r F w (1 - C g ) [ (1 - C c ) ( M r + M d ) ] D n ; K r ; F w ; C g 5 ; C c ; M r ; M d 1) D f = K f [ ( T/ T c - 1) ] D f ; K f ; T ; T c 2) 1995-2004 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
1 55 national soil erosion research laboratory. West Lafayette 1987 7 Morgan R P C Quinton J N Smith R E et al. The European soil erosion model ( EUROSEM) a dynamic approach for pre2 dicting sediment transport from fields and small catchments. Earth Surface Processes and landforms 1998(23) 527 544 8 Yang C T. Unit stream power and sediment transport. Journal of the Hydraulics Division ASAE 98( HY10) Rroc Paper 9295. 1972 1905 1826 3) 9 Beasley D B. ANSWERS A model for watershed planning. Transactions of the ASAE 1980(23) 938 944 100 km 2 10 Huggins L F Monke E J. The mathematical simulation of the hydrology of small watersheds. Technical Report Water Re2 sources Research Center Purdue University 1966(1) 130 11 Beasley D B Huggins L F Monke E J. ANSWERS a model for watershed planning. Transactions of the ASAE 1980 23 (4) 938 944 12 Park S W. Soil erosion simulation on small watersheds A modified ANSWERS model. Transactions of the ASAE 1982 (25) 1581 1588 13... 5. 1993 238 274 14.. 1996 7(1) 47 53 15. 6. 1998 16 Baffalt C Nearing M A Nicks A D. Impact of GLIGEN pa2 1 Wischmeier W H Smith D D. Predicting rainfall erosion loss2 rameters on WEPP predicted average soil loss. Transactions of es. USDA Agricultural Handbook 1978 537 the ASAE 1996 39(2) 1001 1020 2 Renard K G foster G R Weesies G A et al. RUSLE a guide 17 De Roo A P J. The LISEM Project an introduction. Hydrolog2 to conservation planning with the revised universal soil loss ical Processes 1996(10) 1021 1025 equation. USDA Agricultural Handbook 1997 703 18. GIS 3.. 1989 44(1) 32 44 4.. 1995 13 (1) 18 ( 1 ). 1980 5 Laflen J M Lwonard J L Foster G R. WEPP a new generation of erosion prediction technology. Journal of Soil and Water Cons 1991 46(1) 34 38 6 Foster G R Lane L J. User requirements USDA2water erosion prediction project ( WEPP). NSERL report No. 1 USDA2ARS. 2001 38(2) 167 175 19. 23 20.. 1995 1(1) 58 63 21. BP. 2001 12(1) 17 22 1995-2004 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.
2 1 2004 3 Science of Soil and Water Conservation Vol. 2 No. 1 Mar. 2004 1 1 2 (11 100101 ;21 100053 ) GIS ; ; [1 ] 1 3 2 ; ; Overvie w on Soil Erosion Model Research Zhou Zhengchao Shangguan Zhouping (State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation Chinese Academy of Sciences 712100 Yangling Shaanxi China) Abstract In recent years the researchers did many studies on the process of water erosion and simulation. Based on the different study object and purpose a lot of empirical models physical process models and distributed models have been built up. This paper summarize the main soil erosion models in home and abroad and discuss the last development of the studies on soil erosion model which integrated with the GIS technologies and BP nerve network theories. Accord2 ing to the model s development and application some problems to be solved urgently are raised and more the tentative plan of the study on soil erosion model in home is also pointed out. Key words soil erosion ; model ; prediction ; parameter 2003 09 12 2003 11 20 (CXIOG A00 05 02) ; (49871053) ( KZCX1 10 04) (1974 ) E2mail tangzhenghong @hotmail. com 1995-2004 Tsinghua Tongfang Optical Disc Co. Ltd. All rights reserved.