Energy Water Scarcity self-sufficient and Urbanisation Semi-central in China Supply and Treatment Centre Example Challenges Qingdao and possible Solutions Energy self-sufficient Semi-central Supply and Treatment Centre Referent: Dipl.-Ing. Michael Leinhos 1
Experience in China Consulting: Since 1995, e.g.sewage Disposal Project Chamdo / Tibet (KfW) Training: Sino-German WWTP Training Programme (KfW) 2
Research: Cooperative Project TP2A: Semi-centralized supply and disposal systems for urban areas in China Sponsoring Agency: Project Partner: 3
Schematic diagramm 4
Assumptions for Process Calculation Basic data - water, wastewater total water amount 109 l/(c*d) greywater 41 l/(c*d) blackwater 68 l/(c*d) reuse of treated greywater 33 l/(c*d) specific maximum loads( blackwater and waste) COD 100 g/(c*d) BOD 50 g/(c*d) SS 56 g/(c*d) N 16 g/(c*d) P 2,1 g/(c*d) 5
Overview of Concept Toilet Flushing Greywater Storage Tank Pretreatment MBR UV, CL Desinfection Storage Tank Reuse Disposal Excess Sludge Blackwater Mechanical Treatment SBR UV Desinfection Discharge Disposal Process Water Filtrate Primary Sludge Excess Sludge LKW Waste Waste/ Sludge Treatment Heat Electrical Energy Digestate Recovery/ Disposal 6
Effluent Standards 1) Effluent Standard Greywater (GB18918-2002) BSB5 10,0 mg/l NH4-N 10,0 mg/l Turbidity 30,0 NTU 2) Effluent Standard Blackwater (1A of GB18918-2002) BSB5 10,0 mg/l COD 50,0 mg/l NH4-N 5,0 (8,0) mg/l Pges 0,5 mg/l 7
Assumptions for cost - benefit calculation 1) Size of systems Semi-centralized WWTP: 25.000 PE Extension of Centralized WWTP 200.000 PE distance to Centralized WWTP 10 km 2) exchange rate 1 = 9,0 RMB 3) costs for land Semi-centralized system - land for residential areas 270 Y/m2 centralized system - land for industrial use 600 Y/m2 4) energy costs electrical energy: 0,74 Y/kWh 8
Assumptions for cost - benefit calculation 5) costs for drinking water current water price: 2,5 y/m3 6) maintenance costs civil maintenance: 0,3% of the civil investment costs /a M & E maintenance: 1% of M& E investment costs /a 7) labour costs 400 /employee/month 9
Assumptions for cost - benefit calculation 8) Financial factors real interest rate: 2% duration: 25 a reinvestment M & E-equipment: 50% of M& E investment costs after 12,5 a 9) Transport distance to dumping area: 20 km truck capacity : 8 t/truck (truck with standard container) truck costs: 0,6 /km 10)New landfill disposal costs: 20 /t 10
Economy Net Present Value 11
Economy 12
Self Sufficency of the Treatment Centre Electrical Energy Demand 6500 KWh/d Electrical Energy Production 8500 KWh/d Surplus 2000 KWh/d 13
Feasibility: View 14
Schematic diagramm 15
Component: Grey Water Treatment 16
Component: Black Water System 17
Component: Bio Waste Pre-Treatment 18
Component: Sludge Treatment 19
Odour treatment 20
Schematic diagramm 22
Further Information For further information please visit our website: www.kocks-ing.de Issued: February 2012 23