TOWN OF LAKESHORE CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY REPORT FOR LAKESHORE EASTERN COMMUNITIES SEWAGE WORKS

Transcription

1 TOWN OF LAKESHORE CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY REPORT FOR LAKESHORE EASTERN COMMUNITIES SEWAGE WORKS Prepared for The Town of Lakeshore 419 Notre Dame Street, Belle River Ontario N0R 1A0 November 2012

2 Executive Summary GENERAL The Town of Lakeshore is located in Essex County in the Province of Ontario. Lakeshore is bounded by Lake St. Clair to the north, the Municipality of Chatham,Kent to the east, the Town of Tecumseh to the west with the Municipalities of Leamington, Kingsville and Essex abutting the southern municipal boundary. Lakeshore was established with the amalgamation of the former Townships of Tilbury North, Tilbury West, Rochester, and Maidstone, and the former Town of Belle River. The urbanized areas within the Town of Lakeshore which are serviced with sewage works include Belle River, Stoney Point, Comber and South Woodslee. Other urbanized areas that are not serviced include North Woodslee, Lighthouse Cove, Rochester Place, Belle River Road, Essex Fringe and Highway 401 Corridor. This Environmental Study Report (ESR) is the documentation of the Class Environmental Assessment (Class EA) process of the Municipal Engineers Association (MEA) for sanitary sewage works to service the Lakeshore Eastern Communities that include Stoney Point, Comber, Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place. Figure 1.1 shows the location of these communities. This ESR comprises Sections 1 to 13 inclusive and Appendices A to E inclusive. SECTION 1, INTRODUCTION This section provides background information and a description of the Class EA process. The Town of Lakeshore adopted its first comprehensive Water and Wastewater Master Plan in November The Master Plan identified capacity problems within the Stoney Point and Comber sewage systems as well as environmental problems in the un,serviced areas of Rochester Place and Lighthouse Cove. The Master Plan outlined the preferred solution which involves the construction of a new mechanical sewage treatment facility to be located in the Stoney Point area and decommissioning of existing sewage lagoons in Stoney Point and Comber. The preferred solution also involves new sanitary sewage collection systems in Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place together with sewage pump stations and forcemains to transmit sewage from Stoney Point, Comber, Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place to the proposed new treatment facility. The Class EA process includes five phases. Phase 1 includes identification of the problem or opportunity and discretionary public consultation. Phase 2 includes identification and evaluation of alternative solutions to the problem, identification of environmental impacts of the alternative November 2012 E.1

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY solutions, consultation with the public and review agencies, selection of the preferred solution and determination of the project Schedule. Projects are classified as Schedule A, B or C depending on their complexity and potential for environmental impact. Phase 3 includes identification and evaluation of alternative design concepts, identification of environmental impacts and mitigating measures with respect to the design concepts, further consultation with the public and review agencies, and selection of the preferred design. Phase 4 includes the completion of the ESR and placing it on the public record, notification to the public and review agencies of completion of the Class EA and a 30,day review period providing the opportunity to request the Minister to require a proponent to comply with Part II of the EA Act (which addresses individual EAs) before proceeding with the project. The Minister determines whether this is necessary. The Master Plan was prepared in accordance with Phases 1 and 2 of the Class EA process and identified the project as Schedule C. This Class EA has been carried out in accordance with Phases 3 and 4. SECTION 2, EXISTING WASTEWATER SYSTEMS This section describes the existing sanitary sewage collection systems and sewage lagoons servicing the communities of Stoney Point and Comber. The areas currently serviced with individual septic tanks are identified as Lighthouse Cove and Rochester place together with the adjacent shoreline areas associated with these communities. This section also summarizes the results of a pollution survey documenting pollution in these two communities resulting from malfunctioning septic systems. SECTION 3, PROBLEM STATEMENT This short section restates the problem identified in the Master Plan which is as follows: Additional sewage treatment capacity is required in Stoney Point and Comber to service growth in the service areas. I/I problems exist in the Stoney Point sewer system and to a lesser degree in the Comber system. The Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place Areas require sanitary sewage servicing to address pollution problems related to existing malfunctioning septic systems and to address development pressures. SECTION 4, SERVICE AREAS The boundaries of the service areas identified as Stoney Point, Comber, Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place are more accurately defined and shown on separate drawings. SECTION 5, POPULATION AND FLOW PROJECTIONS Population projections for each of the service area are developed in this section. These projections agree closely with the populations projected in the Lakeshore Official Plan. Maximum populations projections were established at 20% higher and minimum population projections were established at 20% lower. Average and maximum individual flow parameters November 2012 E.2

4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY are identified from historic documentation of sewage flows in Stoney Point and Comber where sewage collection and treatment facilities have been in place for over 30 years. For Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place, where no communal sewage collection or treatment facilities exist, individual flow parameters were patterned after flow data from the existing Comber and Belle River systems. Based on the population and flow projections, the initial (Phase 1) construction of treatment facilities for an average daily flow of 3,200 m 3 /d and a maximum daily flow of 11,000 m 3 /d would serve the high growth requirements of Stoney Point and Comber and Lighthouse Cove to the year A Phase 2 plant expansion in the year 2020 to increase the capacity by 50% to 4,800 m 3 /d average daily flow and 16,500 m 3 /d maximum daily flow would permit the construction of a sewage collection system for Rochester Place and thus accommodate all four communities at low growth to the year The timing of Phase 3 and Phase 4 expansions to accommodate average daily flows of 6,400 and 8,000 m 3 /d respectively and peak daily flows and 22,000 m 3 /d and 27,500 m 3 /d respectively will depend upon the subsequent growth in the communities. SECTION 6, DESIGN OF WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEMS There are no proposed changes to the existing sanitary sewer systems in Stoney Point and Comber. However, changes will be required for the pump stations and forcemains that would transmit sewage from these communities to the proposed new treatment facilities. For Stoney Point, the pump station that currently pumps sewage to the existing lagoons would require new pumps and extension of the existing forcemain from the lagoons to the proposed new treatment facilities. For Comber, the pump station that currently pumps sewage to the existing lagoons would require new pumps and a new forcemain from this pump station to the proposed new treatment facilities. For Lighthouse Cove, which is currently serviced with individual septic tank systems, a system of sanitary sewers and five pump stations is proposed to collect sewage for transmission to the proposed new treatment facilities. Pump Station No. 5 for this new system will receive sewage from the proposed Comber forcemain and transmit sewage from Lighthouse Cove and Comber through a new forcemain to the proposed new treatment facilities. For Rochester Place, which is also currently serviced with individual septic tank systems, a system of sanitary sewers and eight pump station is proposed to collect sewage for transmission through a new forcemain to the proposed new treatment facilities. SECTION 7, SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES Six different treatment process were identified and following a preliminary evaluation of these processes, two were selected for detailed evaluation the extended aeration activated sludge process (EAAS) and the sequencing batch reactor process (SBR). A detailed comparison of these two options does not result in a distinct preference for one system over the other. Cost information at the conceptual design stage confirms that there is no distinct difference in cost. November 2012 E.3

5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Denis St. Pierre Water Pollution Control Plant (DSPWPCP) was recently upgraded and converted from a SBR to an EAAS system. To date, operating experience with the EAAS system has been good and there may be some merit in utilizing the same process for the proposed Lakeshore Eastern Communities Water Pollution Control Plant (LECWPCP). The final choice of treatment process is left with the municipality to decide at the time of final design. SECTION 8, BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT The EAAS and SBR treatment processes both produce excess solids known as waste activated sludge. Biosolids management deals with all aspects of handling the waste sludge stream including storage, dewatering or thickening, stabilization and ultimate disposal. This section of the report reviews various possible biosolids management approaches with the objective of selecting the best system for the LECWPCP. The terms sludge and biosolids are often used interchangeably, although the term biosolids is more commonly used to describe sludge that has undergone treatment to render it suitable for land application. A number of disposal alternatives were considered including incineration, landfilling, farmland application and re,sale of the stabilized and processed biosolids product. Alternative biosolids stabilization processes that were considered include anaerobic digestion, aerobic digestion, lime stabilization, composting and pelletization. A biosolids management system consisting of aerobic digestion, sludge dewatering, sludge cake storage and seasonal application on farmland has been used successfully at the DSPWPCP for many years. Several benefits are identified in this section for integrating sludge management for the new plant with the existing DSPWPCP operations. A further evaluation considered the options of dewatering the biosolids at the new plant before trucking to the DSPWPCP for disposal or trucking the liquid biosolids to the DSPWPCP for dewatering and disposal. The alternative consisting of aerobic digestion at the new plant, followed by trucking digested sludge to the DSPWPCP for dewatering, storage and land application offers several advantages. It is recommended as the preferred option for Phase 1 because it is a proven process, it avoids a significant capital cost outlay in Phase 1, and it provides flexibility and time to gather actual operating information from the new plant. This operating data can be used in planning future Phases of construction to reassess sludge management options and make more informed decisions if changes are required. SECTION 9, DECOMMISSIONING OF EXISTING TREATMENT FACILITIES Several reuse alternatives for the existing sewage lagoons at Stoney Point and Comber were evaluated including peak flow attenuation, biosolids storage and conversion to parkland or recreational use. In both cases, the conversion to parkland or recreation use is the preferred option. A decommissioning procedure would include discharging the liquid content of the lagoons under the effluent quality conditions that are currently in place to approximately 300 cm depth. The remaining liquid could either be pumped into trucks and hauled for treatment at the DSPWPCP, or the remaining liquid could be allowed to dry and then trucked to the biosolids storage area at the DSPWPCP for disposal on farmland or landfilling. After the lagoons have November 2012 E.4

6 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY been emptied, the earth berms can be levelled and the area converted for parkland or other recreational use. SECTION 10, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF RECOMMENDED DESIGN This section provides a comprehensive list of environmental impacts associated with the construction of the proposed sewage collection systems in Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place, the forcemains that would transfer sewage from the Eastern Communities to the new treatment facilities, and the new treatment facilities adjacent to the existing Stoney Point lagoons. The adverse environmental impacts are few in number and minor in nature and can all be mitigated during construction. The positive social environmental impacts relate to the development of vacant lands that would not be possible without the new sewage collection systems and treatment facilities. A Stage 1 archaeological assessment conducted by Mayer Heritage Consultants Inc. concluded that most of the current study area has been disturbed by previous construction and these areas have low potential for the discovery of Aboriginal or Euro, Canadian resources. However, areas along the lakeshore in the service areas of Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place, and the proposed site for the new treatment plant appear to have no visible disturbances and a Stage 2 survey is recommended for these areas before construction is undertaken. A Stage 2 survey determines if any archaeological resources are on the property using either pedestrian survey or test pit survey. SECTION 11, PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS The most significant property requirement is the site for the new treatment facility which was purchased by the municipality when the Stoney Point lagoons were constructed, with the intention of using this site for upgrades and expansions to the treatment facilities. Sites for the new pump stations in Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place must be acquired. In addition, there will be a requirement for extensive easements on the CNR Right,of,way or on adjacent private property for the forcemain from Rochester Place. An alternate route for the Rochester forcemain would be located within the road allowance for Tecumseh Road through Stoney Point. Tables provided in this section, list the property requirements and the estimated costs. SECTION 12, PUBLIC PARTICIPATION The MEA Class EA process was followed during the development of the Master Plan for Water and Wastewater which included Phases 1 and 2 of the process. The process has also been followed for the completion of the Class EA for the Eastern Communities Sewage Works which has included Phases 3 and 4 of the process. In the course of completing this ESR and the Master Plan, the public has been informed through notices and Open House presentations and review agencies have been provided with details of the proposed sewage works at the appropriate stages of the process. In this way, the public and the review agencies have had opportunities to submit comments and express any concerns arising from the proposed sewage works. Details of the information provided and the responses received from the public and review agencies are documented in Appendix D. November 2012 E.5

7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY SECTION 13, OPINION OF PROBABLE COST This section includes tabulations of the probable cost for the proposed sewage collection and transmission systems and for the decommissioning of the existing lagoon system. Also provided is the probable cost for each of the four identified stages of construction of the proposed treatment facilities. These probable costs are shown below in Tables 13.1 and 13.2 taken from this section of the ESR. Table 13.3 is a summary of typical homeowner charges for funding scenarios that include no grant, 1/3 grant and 2/3 grant. Detailed calculations for the funding alternatives are contained in Appendix E. Table 13.1 OPINION OF PROBABLE COST Collection and Transmission Systems, and Decommissioning of Comber and Stoney Point Lagoons Item Wastewater pumping station upgrade and forcemain extension to transmit wastewater from Stoney Point to the proposed new treatment facility Wastewater pumping station upgrade and new forcemain to transmit wastewater from Comber to the proposed new treatment facility New gravity sanitary sewage collection system to service Lighthouse Cove Pump station and forcemain to transmit sewage from Lighthouse Cove to the proposed new treatment facility New gravity sanitary sewage collection system to service Rochester Place Pump station and forcemain to transmit sewage from Rochester Place to the proposed new treatment facility Decommission the existing sewage lagoons located in Stoney Point and Comber Probable Cost $ 395,000 $ 3,000,000 $ 18,755,000 $ 715,000 $ 24,311,000 $ 2,478,000 $ 2,500,000 Sub>total $ 52,154,000 Contingency Allowance 10% $ 5,215,400 Sub>total $ 57,369,400 Engineering Allowance 15% $ 8,605,400 Sub>total $ 65,974,800 Rochester Place Property Acquisitions and Easements $ 898,000 Lighthouse Cove Property Acquisitions and Easements $ 537,000 Sub>total $ 67,409,800 HST 1.76% $ 1,186,400 TOTAL $ 68,596,000 November 2012 E.6

8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Table 13.2 OPINION OF PROBABLE COST Sewage Treatment Facility Item Probable Cost Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Administration Building $1,600,000, Inlet Works and Grit Building (Screenings and Grit) Extended Aeration Tanks and Blower Facility Final Settling Tanks and Alum Storage & Feed Facility $2,200,000, $800,000, $3,300,000 $1,100,000 $1,100,000 $1,100,000 $1,900,000 $800,000 $800,000, UV disinfection $1,200,000 $600,000, $300,000,, Outfall $300,000, $300,000, Sludge Holding Tanks/Aerobic Digester $1,600,000 $600,000 $600,000 $600,000 Sub>total $12,100,000 $3,100,000 $3,600,000 $2,000,000 Contingency Allowance 10% $1,210,000 $310,000 $360,000 $200,000 Sub>total $13,310,000 $3,410,000 $3,960,000 $2,200,000 Engineering Allowance 15% $1,996,500 $511,500 $594,000 $330,000 Sub>total $15,306,500 $3,921,500 $4,554,000 $2,530,000 HST 1.76% $269,400 $69,000 $80,200 $44,500 TOTAL $15,576,000 $3,991,000 $4,634,000 $2,575,000 November 2012 E.7

9 Table 13.3 Summary of Typical Homeowner Charges for Funding Scenarios Including No Grant, 1/3 Grant and 2/3 Grant Community Funding Alternative No. 1-3,200 m 3 /d STP to service Stoney Point, Comber & Lighthouse + sewer system for Lighthouse Cove Alternative No. 2-4,000 m 3 /d STP to service Stoney Point, Comber & Rochester + sewer system for Rochester Place Alternative No ,800 m 3 /d STP to service all communities + sewer systems for Lighthouse Cove & Rochester Place Alternative No. 3A 4-4,800 m 3 /d STP to service all communities + sewer systems for Lighthouse Cove & Rochester Place Alternative No. 3B 5-4,800 m 3 /d STP to service all communities + sewer systems for Lighthouse Cove & Rochester Place Alternative No. 3C 6-4,800 m 3 /d STP to service all communities + sewer systems for Lighthouse Cove & Rochester Place Alternative No. 4-2,400 m 3 /d STP to service only Stoney Point & Comber to Year 2020 Alternative No. 5-3,200 m 3 /d STP to service only Stoney Point & omber to Year 2030 Stoney Point 2 Comber 2 Lighthouse Rochester Home Annual 8 Lot 1 Annual 8 Home Annual 8 Lot 1 Annual 8 Home Annual 8 Lot 1 Annual 8 Home Annual 8 Lot 1 Annual 8 Home Annual 8 Lot 1 Annual 8 Home Annual 8 Lot 1 Annual 8 Home Annual 8 Lot 1 Annual 8 Home Annual 8 Lot 1 Annual 8 None $0 $0 $4,571 $367 $0 $0 $3,621 $291 $0 $0 $3,253 $261 $1,344 $108 $3,925 $315 $1,179 $95 $3,842 $308 $4,879 $391 $5,692 $457 $0 $0 $8,405 $674 $0 $0 $8,392 $673 1/3 $0 $0 $3,048 $245 $0 $0 $2,414 $194 $0 $0 $2,168 $174 $1,035 $83 $2,686 $216 $786 $63 $2,561 $206 $3,333 $267 $3,835 $308 $0 $0 $5,604 $450 $0 $0 $5,595 $449 2/3 $0 $0 $1,523 $122 $0 $0 $1,207 $97 $0 $0 $1,084 $87 $517 $42 $1,343 $108 $393 $32 $1,281 $103 $1,455 $117 $1,812 $145 $0 $0 $2,800 $225 $0 $0 $2,797 $224 None $0 $0 $4,571 $367 $0 $0 $3,621 $291 $0 $0 $3,253 $261 $949 $76 $3,727 $299 $1,179 $95 $3,842 $308 $4,879 $391 $5,692 $457 $0 $0 $8,405 $674 $0 $0 $8,392 $673 1/3 $0 $0 $3,048 $245 $0 $0 $2,414 $194 $0 $0 $2,168 $174 $633 $51 $2,485 $199 $786 $63 $2,561 $206 $3,333 $267 $3,835 $308 $0 $0 $5,604 $450 $0 $0 $5,595 $449 2/3 $0 $0 $1,523 $122 $0 $0 $1,207 $97 $0 $0 $1,084 $87 $316 $25 $1,243 $100 $393 $32 $1,281 $103 $1,455 $117 $1,812 $145 $0 $0 $2,800 $225 $0 $0 $2,797 $224 None $58,535 $4,697 $29,268 $2,349 $0 $0 $0 $0 $55,899 $4,485 $27,950 $2,243 $56,885 $4,565 $28,443 $2,282 $44,279 $3,553 $22,140 $1,777 $47,979 $3,850 $23,989 $1,925 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1/3 $39,023 $3,131 $19,512 $1,566 $0 $0 $0 $0 $37,265 $2,990 $18,633 $1,495 $37,923 $3,043 $18,961 $1,522 $29,519 $2,369 $14,760 $1,184 $32,065 $2,573 $16,033 $1,287 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2/3 $19,510 $1,566 $9,755 $783 $0 $0 $0 $0 $18,633 $1,495 $9,316 $748 $18,962 $1,522 $9,481 $761 $14,760 $1,184 $7,380 $592 $15,822 $1,270 $7,911 $635 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 None $0 $0 $0 $0 $37,765 $3,030 $18,882 $1,515 $37,028 $2,971 $18,514 $1,486 $37,985 $3,048 $18,514 $1,486 $44,279 $3,553 $22,140 $1,777 $47,979 $3,850 $23,989 $1,925 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 1/3 $0 $0 $0 $0 $25,176 $2,020 $12,588 $1,010 $24,685 $1,981 $12,343 $990 $25,323 $2,032 $12,662 $1,016 $29,519 $2,369 $14,760 $1,184 $32,065 $2,573 $16,033 $1,287 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 2/3 $0 $0 $0 $0 $12,589 $1,010 $6,295 $505 $12,343 $990 $6,172 $495 $12,662 $1,016 $6,331 $508 $14,760 $1,184 $7,380 $592 $15,822 $1,270 $7,911 $635 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 None $20,377,611 $22,315,875 $22,618,401 Town 7 1/3 $13,585,074 $14,877,250 $15,078,934 2/3 $6,792,537 $7,438,625 $7,539,467 $19,334,937 $12,889,958 $6,444,979 $19,044,401 $12,696,267 $6,348,134 $9,650,401 $6,433,600 $3,216,800 $19,289,504 $12,859,669 $6,429,835 $20,663,996 $13,775,997 $6,887,999 Notes: 1 Represents up-front charges of 50% of total assessment with remaining 50% due when building permit is obtained 2 Existing homeowners in Stoney Point & Comber serviced by existing lagoons are not assessed for new STP Town pays for STP capacity for existing homeowners in Stoney Point & Comber + transmission cost to STP + decommissioning lagoons + unallocated STP capacity. Lighthouse & Rochester assessed cost of their respective sewage collection systems Town pays for STP capacity for existing homeowners in Stoney Point & Comber + transmission cost to STP + share of decommissioning lagoons + unallocated STP capacity. Lighthouse & Rochester assessed cost of their respective sewage collection systems Town pays for STP capacity for existing homeowners in Stoney Point & Comber + transmission cost to STP + unallocated STP capacity. Lighthouse & Rochester equally share total cost of their sewage collection systems. Cost of decommissioning lagoons shared equally by all 4 communities Town pays for STP capacity for existing homeowners in Stoney Point & Comber+ unallocated STP capacity. Lighthouse & Rochester equally share total cost of their sewage collection systems. Cost of transmission systems and decommissioning lagoons shared equally by all 4 communities. 7 Costs include 10% contingency allowance, 15% engineering and 13% HST 8 Annual Cost based on 5%/year for 20 years November 2012 E.8

10 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY E INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PROCESS General Phases in Class EA Process EXISTING WASTEWATER SYSTEMS STONEY POINT WASTEWATER SYSTEM COMBER SEWAGE SYSTEM AREAS PRESENTLY SERVICED BY PRIVATE ON,SITE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS PROBLEM STATEMENT SERVICE AREAS GENERAL STONEY POINT SERVICE AREA COMBER SERVICE AREA LIGHTHOUSE COVE SERVICE AREA ROCHESTER PLACE SERVICE AREA POPULATION AND FLOW PROJECTIONS MASTER PLAN APPROACH Population Projections Flow Projections DESIGN APPROACH General Population Projections Flow Projections Sewage Treatment Facilities DESIGN OF WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEMS IDENTIFICATION AND EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE WASTEWATER COLLECTION SYSTEMS GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION STONEY POINT Sanitary Sewer System Existing System Selected Design Pump Stations & Forcemain Existing Facilities Selected Design COMBER November 2012 i

11 TABLE OF CONTENTS Sanitary Sewer System Existing Facilities Selected Design Pump Station And Forcemain Existing Facilities Selected Design LIGHTHOUSE COVE Sanitary Sewer System Master Plan Design Selected Design ROCHESTER PLACE Sewer System Master Plan Design Selected Design SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES IDENTIFICATION OF COMMON AREA STP Master Plan Evaluation Comber Service Area Stoney Point Sewage Service Area Rochester Place Service Area Lighthouse Cove Service Area Preferred Alternative ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT PROCESSES Introduction Site Selection Discharge Requirements Potential Treatment Processes General Activated Sludge Treatment Systems Attached Growth Systems Comparison Of Treatment Process Alternatives COMPARISON OF EAAS AND SBR TREATMENT PROCESSES Treatment Plant Size And Staging Design Approach Preliminary Treatment Extended Aeration Activated Sludge (Eaas) Treatment Alternative Sequencing Batch Reactor (Sbr) Treatment Alternative Sludge Processing Disinfection Outfall Sewer Phosphorus Removal Electrical Supply Selection Of Preferred Treatment Process BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT GENERAL November 2012 ii

12 TABLE OF CONTENTS 8.2 SLUDGE PRODUCTION BIOSOLIDS MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES AEROBIC DIGESTERS CENTRIFUGE DEWATERING FACILITY DECOMMISSIONING OF EXISTING TREATMENT FACILITIES REUSE OF STONEY POINT LAGOONS REUSE OF COMBER LAGOONS DECOMMISSIONING OF THE STONEY POINT AND COMBER LAGOONS ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF RECOMMENDED DESIGN SEWAGE COLLECTION SYSTEMS SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES Treatment Plant Site PROPERTY REQUIREMENTS SEWERS, PUMP STATIONS & FORCEMAINS Rochester Place Lighthouse Cove Comber Stoney Point SEWAGE TREATMENT FACILITIES Stoney Point PUBLIC PARTICIPATION NOTICE OF STUDY COMMENCEMENT RESPONSE TO NOTICE OF STUDY COMMENCEMENT PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND OPEN HOUSE PUBLIC AND REVIEW AGENCY RESPONSE TO ESR FIRST NATION CONSULTATION OPINION OF PROBABLE COST GENERAL LEVEL OF ACCURACY OPINION OF PROBABLE COST TYPICAL HOMEOWNER CHARGES Factors Affecting Homeowner Charges Funding Assistance Sewage Treatment Sewage Transmission Sewage Collection Decommissioning Existing Sewage Lagoons Land Acquisition and Easements Costs OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COSTS November 2012 iii

13 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables Table 5.1 Population Projections from Master Plan Table 5.2 Lakeshore Population Projection Table 5.3 Population Forecast by Growth Area Table 5.4 Population Projections Table 5.5 Stoney Point Sewage Flows 2001 to 2009 Table 5.6 Comber Sewage Flows Table 5.7 Design Flows Table 6.1 Stoney Point Pump Station No. 1 and Forcemain Table 6.2 Comber Pump Station and Forcemain Table 7.1 Effluent Quality Criteria Table 7.2 Comparison of Potential Treatment Table 7.3 Comparison of EAAS and SBR Treatment Processes Table 1.2 Estimated Sludge Production Table 1.3 Alternative Methods of Biosolids Stabilization and Disposal Table 1.3 Biosolids Management Components Table 1.4 Sludge Trucking Requirements Table 8.5 Aerobic Digester Sizing Table 9.1 Evaluation of Lagoon Reuse Alternatives Table 11.1: Property Requirements for Rochester Place Sewage Works Table 11.2 Property Requirements for Lighthouse Cove Sewage Works Table 13.0 Classification of Cost Estimates Table 13.1 Opinion of Probable Cost Collection and Transmission Systems, and Decommissioning of Comber and Stoney Point Lagoons Table 13.2 Opinion of Probable Cost Sewage Treatment Facility Table 13.3 Summary of Typical Homeowner Charges for Funding Scenarios Including No Grant, 1/3 Grant and 2/3 Grant November 2012 iv

14 TABLE OF CONTENTS Appendix A Figures Figure 1.1 Key Plan of Essex County Figure 1.2 Proposed Service Areas and Land Use Plan Figure 1.3 Municipal Class EA Planning and Design Process Figure 2.1 Proposed Stoney Point Sewage Service Area, Sanitary Sewers and Land Use Plan Figure 2.2 Proposed Comber Sewage Service Area, Sanitary Sewers and Land Use Plan Figure 2.3 Proposed Lighthouse Cove Sewage Service Area, Sanitary Sewers and Land Use Plan Figure 2.4 Proposed Rochester Place Sewage Service Area, Sanitary Sewers and Land Use Plan Figure 7.1 Treatment System Site Location Figure 7.2 Schematic Preliminary Treatment Figure 7.3 Schematic EAAS Treatment System Figure 7.4 Schematic SBR Treatment System Figure 7.5 Schematic U.V. Disinfection Figure 7.6 EASS Treatment System Site Plan Figure 7.7 SBR Treatment System Site Plan Figure 13.1 Opinion of Probable Capital Cost Classes of Estimate Diagram Appendix B Design Appendix C Property Requirements Appendix D Public and Review Agency Consultation Appendix E Opinion of Probable Cost Appendix F Technical Reports November 2012 v

15 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND The Town of Lakeshore is located in Essex County in the Province of Ontario. As shown on Figure 1.1, Key Plan of the County of Essex, Lakeshore is bounded by Lake St. Clair to the north, the Municipality of Chatham,Kent to the east, the Town of Tecumseh to the west with the Municipalities of Leamington, Kingsville and Essex abutting the southern municipal boundary. Lakeshore was established with the amalgamation of the former Townships of Tilbury North, Tilbury West, Rochester, and Maidstone, and the former Town of Belle River. The urbanized areas within the Town of Lakeshore which are serviced with sewage works include Belle River, Stoney Point, Comber and South Woodslee. Other urbanized areas that are not serviced include North Woodslee, Lighthouse Cove, Rochester Place, Belle River Road, Essex Fringe and Highway 401 Corridor. This Class EA is concerned with the Lakeshore Eastern Communities which include Stoney Point, Comber, Rochester Place and Lighthouse Cove. The Town of Lakeshore adopted its first comprehensive Water and Wastewater Master Plan in November The Master Plan identified capacity problems within the Stoney Point and Comber sewage systems as well as environmental problems in the un,serviced areas of Rochester Place and Lighthouse Cove. The Master Plan was prepared in accordance with Phases 1 and 2 of the Class EA process and outlined the preferred solution which involves construction of a new mechanical sewage treatment facility to be located in the Stoney Point area and decommissioning of the existing sewage lagoons which are located in Stoney Point and Comber. The preferred solution also involves new gravity sanitary sewer collection systems to service Rochester Place and Lighthouse Cove together with wastewater pumping stations and forcemains to deliver wastewater from Comber, Stoney Point, Rochester Place and Lighthouse Cove to the proposed new treatment facility in the Stoney Point area. Figure 1.2 shows the proposed service areas for the Lakeshore Eastern Communities Sewage Works. Further information may be obtained by viewing the Water and Wastewater Master Plan at The Town of Lakeshore is now undertaking Phases 3 and 4 of the Class EA process which will involve evaluation of alternative designs for the proposed new treatment facility and gravity sewer collection systems, and preparation of an Environmental Study Report (ESR) documenting the activities and recommendations from the Class EA process. November

16 INTRODUCTION 1.2 CLASS ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PROCESS General The Environmental Assessment (EA) Act was passed in 1975 by the Province of Ontario to provide a mechanism for public participation in public projects. The EA Act provides a means for the public or interest groups to receive the needed assurances that the environment is being protected from adverse effects on any significant public project. If there are necessary adverse effects on the environment, the public also needs assurances that all essential measures are being taken to minimize these impacts. The proponent is to weigh the impacts of a number of possible alternative ways to achieve the desired objective and to select the best alternative based on a thorough examination of each. The EA Act recognized that certain municipal undertakings occur frequently, are small in scale, have a generally predictable range of effects or have relatively minor environmental significance. To ensure that a degree of standardization in the planning process is followed throughout the Province, the EA Act contemplated the use of the Class EA procedure for projects which require approval under the Act but which are not considered to be major environmental works. The work undertaken in this study includes Phases 3 and 4 the EA process and follows the planning and design process of the Municipal Engineers Association (MEA) Class EA, October 2000, as amended August 17, The Class EA document also serves as a statement for public use in the decision making process under the EA Act. Municipal staff and consultants can use the Class EA in planning design and construction of projects to ensure that the requirements of the EA Act are met. As part of the Class EA procedure, the proponent is required to state how the project is to proceed and gain approval under this EA Act. There are three approval mechanisms available to the proponent under the Class EA. Schedule A projects are limited in scale, have minimal adverse environmental affects and include a number of normal or emergency municipal maintenance and operational objectives. These projects are pre,approved and can proceed directly to implementation without following the full Class EA planning process. Schedule A+ projects include a new sub,class of activities introduced as part of the 2007 MEA Class EA amendments. Schedule A+ projects are also pre,approved similar to Schedule A, however, the public is to be advised prior to project implementation. Advising the public of the project implementation is a means to inform the public of what is being undertaken in their local area. The manner in which the public is advised is to be determined by the proponent. Schedule B projects generally include improvements and minor expansions to existing facilities. In these cases, there is a potential for some adverse environmental impacts November

17 INTRODUCTION and therefore the proponent is required to proceed through a screening process including consultation with those who may be affected. Schedule C projects generally include the construction of new facilities and major expansions to existing facilities. These projects proceed through the environmental assessment planning process outlined in the Class EA and require preparation of an Environmental Study Report (ESR) to document the planning process Phases in Class EA Process The Class EA for municipal projects follows a five phase planning process that can be summarized as follows: Phase 1, Identification of the problem Phase 2 Identification of alternative solutions to the problem, consultation with review agencies and the public, selection of the preferred solution, and identification of the project as a Schedule A, A+, B or C activity. Phase 3, Identification of alternative design concepts (technical alternatives) for the preferred solution, evaluation of the alternative designs and their impacts on the environment, consultation with review agencies and the public and selection of the preferred design. Phase 4, Preparation of an Environmental Study Report (ESR) to document the planning, design and consultation process for the project. The ESR is placed on the public registry for scrutiny by review agencies and the public. Phase 5, Final design, construction and commissioning of selected technical alternative. Monitoring of construction for adherence to environmental provisions and commitments. The steps in each phase are identified in the flow diagram shown in Figure 1.3. November

18 2.0 EXISTING WASTEWATER SYSTEMS 2.1 STONEY POINT WASTEWATER SYSTEM The Stoney Point community and adjacent lakefront areas are serviced by a wastewater collection and treatment system as shown in Figure 2.1. The first phase of the system was constructed in 1978 and included a collection system of gravity sewers, two pumping stations and two oxidation ponds. The collection system was expanded in 1991 westerly along St. Clair Road to the Rochester Town Line to service the lakefront properties. The gravity sewer collection system has infiltration and inflow (I/I) that exceeds the MOE allowance and the Town has been conducting video inspections to locate sources of I/I and is working toward reducing the I/I component of the wastewater flow. Raw sewage is pumped into two 5.4 ha (14 acres) oxidation ponds located on Tecumseh Road west of Little Creek. The treatment facility design was based on an average daily sewage flow of 920 m 3 /d (cubic meters per day). The ponds are routinely drained in a controlled manner with discharge to Little Creek approximately 820 meters upstream of where the Creek discharges into Lake St. Clair. Prior to being drained, the ponds are treated with aluminum sulphate for phosphorus removal. Sludge accumulation was removed from Cell 2 in August 2005, however Cell 1 has never been cleaned. 2.2 COMBER SEWAGE SYSTEM The Comber urban area is serviced by a wastewater collection and treatment system that was constructed in 1974 and includes a gravity sewer system, one pumping station and two oxidation ponds as shown in Figure 2.2. Raw sewage is pumped into two 2.43 ha (6 acres) oxidation ponds located in the south,east corner of the community south of County Road 46 and accessible from Windsor Avenue. The treatment facility was designed based on an average daily sewage flow of 430 m 3 /d. The ponds are routinely drained in a controlled manner with discharge to an open drain leading to No. 1 Government Drain which outlets to Big Creek with ultimate discharge into Lake St. Clair. Prior to being drained, the ponds are treated with aluminum sulphate for phosphorus removal. Sludge accumulation was removed from both cells in The results of Investigations conducted by the Town indicate that I/I in the gravity sewer collection system is slightly above the MOE allowance. Sewage flows are being monitored regularly for signs of any I/I increases that would justify remedial work. 2.3 AREAS PRESENTLY SERVICED BY PRIVATE ON>SITE SEWAGE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS Lighthouse Cove Area includes the shoreline area west of Lighthouse Cove which includes Laforet Beach, Crystal Beach and Couture Beach Roads as shown in Figure 2.3. November

19 EXISTING WASTEWATER SYSTEMS Rochester Place Area includes Deerbrook, St. Joachim and shoreline areas generally between Charron Line Road and Rochester Town Line Road including along the Ruscomb River as shown in Figure 2.4. These areas are not presently serviced by an existing municipal wastewater collection and treatment system. The residences are generally serviced by private on,site sewage disposal systems typically consisting of septic tanks and leaching beds. Prior to 1974, these systems were constructed with overflow pipes directed to local watercourses to prevent systems from overloading during wet weather conditions. A pollution survey was conducted between December 2006 and May 2007 to verify and document the presence and probable origin of reported and suspected pollution problems in local watercourses. In the Rochester Place Area, 93 water samples were collected and analyzed. Approximately 63% (58) of these samples had fecal coliform levels above the maximum acceptable level and of those samples, 73% (42) had a ratio of fecal coliform to fecal streptococci definitively indicative of, or potentially indicative of, human origin. In Lighthouse Cove Area, 40 samples were collected and analyzed and approximately 30% (12) showed excessive fecal coliform levels and of those 12, 58% (7) were indicative of human origin. Based on the results of the pollution survey, together with lot size information obtained by a lot,by,lot survey, and the ages of the systems obtained from examination of septic system permits, it is evident that the pollution problems in these areas are a result of malfunctioning septic systems. November

20 3.0 PROBLEM STATEMENT Additional sewage treatment capacity is required in Stoney Point and Comber to service growth in the service areas. I/I problems exist in the Stoney Point sewer system and to a lesser degree in the Comber system. The Lighthouse Cove and Rochester Place Areas require sanitary sewage servicing to address pollution problems related to existing malfunctioning septic systems and to address development pressures. November

21 4.0 SERVICE AREAS 4.1 GENERAL The Master Plan identified the existing service areas for the Stoney Point and Comber sewage works and the general extent of the proposed service areas for the communities that are not currently serviced with communal sewage works. Before proceeding with the identification and evaluation of alternative servicing systems and treatment processes, it is necessary to accurately establish the boundaries of these existing and proposed service areas in order that they fairly represent the extent of existing development and provide for future development in accordance with the Lakeshore Official Plan. These boundaries are described in the following paragraphs. Figure 1.2 shows the location of the service areas, the service area boundaries and the land use according to the Official Plan. 4.2 STONEY POINT SERVICE AREA The community of Stoney Point comprises mostly residential development with small pockets of commercial development. The boundary of the Stoney Point Sewage Service Area is dictated by the capacity of the existing sanitary sewer system. The existing sewers have a finite hydraulic capacity established by the size and slope of the sewer pipes. The original design files for the existing sewers were reviewed carefully to identify the applicable tributary areas and establish the service area boundary for the existing sanitary sewer system. For land designated as Agricultural that is adjacent to and outside the service area, the service area boundary has been established along the limit of the road allowance abutting the agricultural land. Sewer connections would be provided only to existing dwellings and approved severances located in agricultural land not in the service area but with frontage on a sanitary sewer. The Town s Official Plan designates land as Employment in the southeast and extreme eastern sectors of the community that extends beyond the service area boundary established by the design of the existing sanitary sewers. According to the Official Plan, the Employment Areas are the focus of major concentrations of industrial,related employment growth and development in the Town, which may include manufacturing, logistics operations, warehousing, distribution, offices and related industrial and business park uses, in addition to ancillary highway commercial uses serving the Employment Area. Figure 2.1 shows the Official Plan Land Use for Stoney Point, the existing sanitary sewers and the service area boundary established by the sewer system. The Employment Area in close November

22 SERVICE AREAS proximity to the proposed Stoney Point Sewage treatment facility is included in the Stoney Point service Area in the Class EA. Characteristics of industrial wastewaters vary greatly from industry to industry, and consequently, treatment process for industrial wastewater also varies. Typical municipal wastewater treatment plants can't treat industrial wastewater with high concentrations of chemicals, pharmaceuticals and heavy metals. The Town s sewer use bylaw will provide direction on permissible concentrations at point of discharge of industrial wastewater to the sanitary sewer system. If characteristics of industrial wastewaters can t meet sewer use bylaw standards, the industry will be required to undertake necessary onsite pre,treatment specific to their own wastewater characteristics in order to meet the standards for discharge to the sanitary sewer system. Industrial wastewater from the Stoney Point employment area can be handled by either expanding the existing Stoney Point collection system overtime through the replacement of the existing sanitary sewers with larger ones or providing a separate collection and conveyance system for the employment area. Details of the collection system from the employment area will be evaluated and determined during final design stage. Details of the collection system from the employment area will be evaluated and determined during final design stage. Wastewater flows discharged from the employment area are to be accommodated by modular expansion of the sewage treatment facility. The treatment processes are to be chosen to be well suited to modular expansion. 4.3 COMBER SERVICE AREA The community of Comber is also comprised of residential development with small pockets of commercial development. As in Stoney Point, the boundary of the Comber Sewage Service Area is also dictated by the capacity of the existing sanitary sewer system. The existing sewers have a finite hydraulic capacity established by the size and slope of the existing sewers. The original design files for the existing sewers were reviewed carefully to identify the applicable tributary areas and establish the service area boundary for the existing sanitary sewer system. As in Stoney Point, for land designated as Agricultural that is adjacent to and outside the service area, the service area boundary has been established on the limit of the road allowance abutting the agricultural land. Sewer connections would be provided only to existing dwellings and approved severances located in agricultural land not in the service area but with frontage on a sanitary sewer. The Town s Official Plan designates land as Employment in the northwestern sector of the community that extends beyond the service area boundary established by the design of the existing sanitary sewers. It would be the developer s responsibility to provide the necessary infrastructure to service the proposed development. November

23 SERVICE AREAS Figure 2.2 shows the Official Plan Land Use for Comber, the existing sanitary sewers and the service area boundary established by the sewer system. The proposed servicing area for Comber as outlined in Figure 2.2 coincides with the urban area boundary designated by the Lakeshore Official Plan. The Employment Area in the northwestern sector of the community of Comber is included in the Comber Service Area in the Class EA. The Town s sewer use bylaw provides direction on permissible concentrations at point of discharge of industrial wastewater to the sanitary sewer system. If characteristics of industrial wastewaters can t meet sewer use bylaw standards, the industry will be required to undertake necessary onsite pre,treatment specific to their own wastewater characteristics in order to meet the standards for discharge to the sanitary sewer system. The main Comber pumping station and new forcemain from Comber to Stoney Point will be sized to accommodate wastewater flow from the Employment Area in the northwestern sector of the community of Comber. Industrial wastewater from the Comber employment area to the main Comber pumping station can be handled by either expanding the existing Comber collection system overtime through replacement of the existing sanitary sewers with larger ones or providing a separate collection and conveyance system for the employment area. Details of the collection system from the employment area will be evaluated and determined during final design stage. As in Stoney Point, wastewater flows discharged from the employment area will be accommodated by modular expansion of the sewage treatment facility. The treatment processes are chosen to be well suited to modular expansion. 4.4 LIGHTHOUSE COVE SERVICE AREA The Lighthouse Cove Area is characterized by residential development in Lighthouse Cove arranged along man,made canals with additional residential development identified as Laforet Beach, Crystal Beach and Couture Beach Road extending westerly along the shoreline of Lake St. Clair. There is a marina/restaurant located on the east side of the community at the mouth of the Thames River. The Master Plan identified the proposed service area for Lighthouse Cove. The Land Use for Lighthouse Cove Area has been carefully reviewed along with existing development to more accurately define the proposed service area boundary. Figure 2.3 shows the Official Plan Land Use for Lighthouse Cove Area, the proposed sanitary sewers and the corresponding proposed service area boundary. As in other service areas, for land designated as Agricultural that is adjacent to and outside the service area, the service area boundary has been established on the limit of the road allowance abutting the agricultural land. Sewer connections would be provided only to existing dwellings November