Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 December, 2009 Prepared by: The Substance Abuse Epidemiology Work Group and Bach Harrison, LLC
{This page intentionally left blank.}
Table of Contents State Epidemiology Workgroup Membership... 0.20 Section 1: Introduction... 1.1 Overview... 1.2 Mission of the SEW... 1.2 The Evolution of the SEW... 1.3 Community-Focused Prevention and the SEW... 1.4 Tools for Communities... 1.5 Statewide Data System... 1.6 Online SEW Indicator Database Website... 1.7 Impacts of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita... 1.8 Population Estimates Used for this Report... 1.8 Methods... 1.11 Methods: Data Sources... 1.12 National Data Sources... 1.12 Louisiana Data Sources... 1.12 Methods: Data Gaps and Implications... 1.13 Substance Abuse Related Mortality and Morbidity Impacts: All Causes of Death... 1.15 Substance Abuse Related Mortality and Morbidity Impacts: Causes of Death from Substance Abuse... 1.16 Substance Abuse Related Mortality and Morbidity Impacts: Causes of Death by Age Group... 1.17 Substance Abuse Related Mortality and Morbidity Impacts: Years of Potential Life Lost... 1.18 Section 2: Alcohol Indicators in Louisiana: Consumption Patterns and Consequences... 2.1 Information Regarding Indicator Overviews... 2.2 Overview... 2.3 Alcohol Consumption: General Consumption Patterns and Concerns... 2.5 Adult Alcohol Consumption: Past Month Alcohol Use... 2.7 Adult Alcohol Consumption: Heavy Alcohol Use... 2.8 Adult Alcohol Consumption: Binge Drinking... 2.9 Adult Alcohol Consumption: Past 30 Day Alcohol Use by Age Group... 2.10 Adult Alcohol Consumption: Binge Drinking by Age Group... 2.11 Adult Alcohol Consumption: Heavy Alcohol Use by Age Group... 2.12 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 0.1
Table of Contents, Cont. Adult Alcohol Consumption: Alcohol Use by Demographics... 2.13 College Alcohol Consumption in Louisiana... 2.14 Youth Alcohol Consumption: Lifetime Use... 2.16 Youth Alcohol Consumption: Past Month Use... 2.17 Youth Alcohol Consumption: Binge Drinking... 2.18 Youth Alcohol Consumption: Parish-Level Alcohol Use... 2.19 Youth Alcohol Consumption: Average Age of First Use... 2.21 Youth Alcohol Consumption: Youth Alcohol Use Summary... 2.22 Youth Alcohol Consumption: Alcohol Availability... 2.25 Consequences of Alcohol Consumption: Overview... 2.26 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Chronic Liver Disease (Cirrhosis)... 2.27 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Chronic Liver Disease (Cirrhosis) by Age Group... 2.28 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Chronic Liver Disease (Cirrhosis) by Demographics... 2.29 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Chronic Liver Disease (Cirrhosis) by Parish... 2.30 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Alcohol Abuse, Dependence, and Treatment... 2.32 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Office for Addictive Disorders Alcohol Treatment Admissions... 2.34 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: OAD Treatment Admissions by Demographics... 2.36 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: OAD Treatment Admissions by Age Group... 2.37 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: OAD Treatment Admissions by Parish... 2.38 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Youth Survey Alcohol and/or Drug Treatment Need Data... 2.40 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: College Substance Use and Negative Alcohol-Related Experiences... 2.41 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Drinking and Driving by Age Group... 2.42 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Drinking and Driving by Grade Level... 2.43 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Driving After Drinking by Parish... 2.44 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Riding with a Driver Who Had Been Drinking by Parish... 2.45 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Driving After Drinking or Riding With a Driver Who Had Been Drinking by Parish... 2.46 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Fatal Vehicle Crashes Involving Alcohol Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) Data... 2.47 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Fatal Vehicle Crashes Involving Alcohol Highway Safety Research Group (HSRG) Data... 2.48 Page 0.2 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009
Table of Contents, Cont. Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Alcohol-Related Crash Fatalities by Age of Driver... 2.49 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Fatal Alcohol-Related Crashes by Parish... 2.50 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Alcohol-Related Vehicle Crash Injuries by Parish... 2.52 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Alcohol-Related Injury and Fatal Vehicle Crashes by Parish... 2.54 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Accidental Death by Demographics... 2.57 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Deaths by Accidental Falls by Parish... 2.58 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Deaths by Accidental Drowning and Submersion... 2.59 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Suicides... 2.60 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Suicides by Demographics... 2.61 Alcohol-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Suicides by Parish... 2.62 Alcohol-Related Crime: Homicides... 2.64 Alcohol-Related Crime: Homicides by Age Group... 2.65 Alcohol-Related Crime: Homicides by Demographics... 2.66 Alcohol-Related Crime: Homicides by Parish... 2.67 Alcohol-Related Crime: Violent Crime by Age Group... 2.69 Alcohol-Related Crime: Violent Crime by Parish... 2.70 Alcohol-Related School Violations: School Suspensions or Expulsions... 2.72 Alcohol-Related School Violations: School Suspensions or Expulsions by Demographics... 2.73 Alcohol-Related School Violations: School Suspensions or Expulsions by Parish... 2.74 Section 3: Tobacco Use in Louisiana: Consumption Patterns and Consequences... 3.1 Tobacco Indicator Overview... 3.2 Tobacco Consumption: Patterns and Concerns... 3.4 Adult Tobacco Consumption in Louisiana... 3.4 Adult Tobacco Consumption: Past Month Use... 3.5 Adult Tobacco Consumption: Daily Cigarette Use... 3.6 Adult Tobacco Consumption: Daily Cigarette Use by Age Group... 3.7 Adult Tobacco Consumption: Smoking by Demographics... 3.8 College Tobacco Consumption in Louisiana... 3.9 Youth Tobacco Consumption: Past Month Use... 3.10 Youth Tobacco Consumption: Use by Gender... 3.11 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 0.3
Table of Contents, Cont. Youth Tobacco Consumption: Past Month Use by Parish... 3.12 Consequences of Tobacco Consumption: Overview... 3.13 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Lung Cancer Deaths... 3.14 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Lung Cancer Deaths by Parish... 3.15 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Lung Disease Mortality... 3.17 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Lung Disease Mortality by Parish... 3.18 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Cardiovascular Disease Mortality... 3.20 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Cardiovascular Disease Mortality by Parish... 3.21 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease... 3.23 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease by Parish... 3.24 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Accidental Deaths Due to Fire by Demographics.. 3.25 Tobacco-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Fire-Related Deaths by Parish... 3.26 Tobacco-Related School Violations... 3.27 Tobacco-Related School Disciplinary Actions... 3.28 Section 4: Illicit Drug Use in Louisiana: Consumption Patterns and Consequences... 4.1 Illicit Drugs Indicator Overview... 4.2 Illicit Drug Consumption: Patterns and Concerns... 4.5 Adult Illicit Drug Consumption... 4.5 Adult Illicit Drug Consumption: Any Illicit Drug Use... 4.6 Adult Illicit Drug Consumption: Cocaine Use... 4.7 Adult Illicit Drug Consumption: Marijuana Use... 4.8 College Illicit Drug Use in Louisiana... 4.9 College Illicit Drug Use in Louisiana: Use by Gender... 4.10 Youth Illicit Drug Use in Louisiana: Lifetime Any Illicit Drug Use... 4.11 Youth Illicit Drug Use in Louisiana: Past Month Any Illicit Drug Use... 4.12 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Cocaine Use... 4.13 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Ecstasy Use... 4.14 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Hallucinogens Use... 4.15 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Heroin Use... 4.16 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Inhalant Use... 4.17 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Marijuana Use... 4.18 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Marijuana Use by Gender... 4.19 Page 0.4 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009
Table of Contents, Cont. Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Marijuana Use by Parish... 4.20 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Methamphetamine Use... 4.21 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Prescription Narcotic Use... 4.22 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Sedative Use... 4.23 Youth Illicit Drug Consumption: Stimulant Use Other Than Methamphetamines... 4.24 Illicit Drug Consequences: Overview... 4.25 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Illicit Drug Deaths... 4.25 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Illicit Drug Deaths by Age Group... 4.26 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Illicit Drug Deaths by Parish... 4.27 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: HIV/AIDS... 4.29 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: HIV/AIDS by Demographics... 4.30 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Hepatitis B and C... 4.31 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Hepatitis B and C by Demographics... 4.32 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Illicit Drug Abuse and Dependence... 4.33 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Individuals in Need of Treatment but Not Receiving Treatment... 4.34 Illicit Drug-Related Mortality and Morbidity: Treatment Admissions... 4.35 Illicit Drug-Related Crime: Property Crime... 4.38 Illicit Drug-Related Crime: Property Crime by Parish... 4.39 Illicit Drug-Related School Violations... 4.40 Illicit Drug-Related School Violations by Demographics... 4.40 Illicit Drug-Related School Violations by Parish... 4.42 Appendix A: References and Data Sources...A.1 References...A.2 National Data Sources...A.3 Alcohol Epidemiological Data System (AEDS)...A.3 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)...A.3 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)...A.3 Monitoring the Future Survey (MTF)...A.4 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)...A.4 National Vital Statistics System (NVSS)...A.4 Uniform Crime Reporting System (UCR)...A.5 Web-based Injury Statistics Query Reporting System (WISQARS)...A.5 Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System (YRBSS)...A.5 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 0.5
Table of Contents, Cont. Louisiana Data Sets...A.6 Louisiana Department of Education...A.6 Caring Communities Youth Survey (CCYS)...A.6 CORE Alcohol and Drug Survey...A.6 Office for Addictive Disorders (OAD), Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions...A.7 Louisiana Office of Public Health (OPH), Mortality Data...A.7 Louisiana Office of Public Health (OPH), Hepatitis Data...A.7 Louisiana Office of Public Health (OPH), HIV/AIDS Data...A.8 Louisiana Highway Safety Commission (LHSC)/Highway Safety Research Group (HSRG) Crash Report Data...A.8 Appendix B: Parish Level Alcohol Consumption and Consequences... B.1 Appendix C: Parish Level Tobacco Consumption and Consequences... C.1 Appendix D: Parish Level Illicit Drug Consumption and Consequences...D.1 Page 0.6 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009
Table of Figures and Tables Section 1: Introduction Figure 1.1: The SPF-SIG Prevention Process... 1.4 Table 1.1: Louisiana Parish Annual Population Estimates (2005-2007)... 1.9 Table 1.2: Percentage for Fifteen Leading Causes of Death in Louisiana and Corresponding Percentage for the United States (2006)...1.15 Table 1.3: Mortality Rates for Substance Related Causes of Death, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2005)...1.16 Table 1.4: Top 10 Causes of Death in Louisiana by Age Group, 2006 (Number of Deaths)...1.17 Figure 1.2: Years of Potential Life Lost Before Age 65 by Cause of Death, Louisiana (2006)...1.18 Section 2: Alcohol Indicators in Louisiana: Consumption Patterns and Consequences Table 2.1: Estimates of Alcohol Use... 2.3 Table 2.2: Alcohol Use Consequences... 2.4 Figure 2.1: Amount of Alcohol Sold Per Capita, Louisiana vs. U.S. (1998-2006)... 2.5 Figure 2.2: Amount of Alcohol Sold Per Capita by Type, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2006)... 2.6 Figure 2.3: Percentage of Adults Indicating Any Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days, Louisiana vs. United States (2001-2008)... 2.7 Figure 2.4: Percentage of Adults Indicating Heavy Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days, Louisiana vs. United States (2001-2008)... 2.8 Figure 2.5: Percentage of Adults Indicating Binge Drinking in the Past 30 Days, Louisiana vs. United States (2001-2008)... 2.9 Figure 2.6: Percentage of Adults Indicating Any Alcohol Use in the Past 30 Days by Age Group, Louisiana vs. United States (2005-2007)...2.10 Figure 2.7: Percentage of Adults Indicating Binge Drinking in Past 30 Days by Age Group, Louisiana vs. United States (2005-2007)...2.11 Figure 2.8: Percentage of Adults Indicating Heavy Drinking in the Past 30 Days by Age Group, Louisiana vs. United States (2005-2007)...2.12 Table 2.3: Percentage of Adults Indicating Any Alcohol Use, Binge Drinking, and Heavy Alcohol Use in Past 30 Days, by Gender and Ethnicity, Louisiana (2007)...2.13 Table 2.4: Percentage of Higher Education Students Indicating Varying Levels of Alcohol Use, Louisiana and U.S. (2007-2009)...2.14 Table 2.5: Alcohol Use Among Louisiana College Students by Gender (2009)...2.15 Figure 2.9: Percentage Youth Indicating Any Alcohol Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. United States (2004-2008)...2.16 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 0.11
Table of Figures and Tables, Cont. Figure 2.10: Percentage Youth Indicating Any Alcohol Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. United States (2004-2008)...2.17 Figure 2.11: Percentage of Students Indicating Binge Drinking in Past 2 Weeks by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...2.18 Figure 2.12: Parishes with the Highest Percentage of High School Youth (Grades 10 and 12) Indicating Any Alcohol Use in Past 30 Days (2008)... 2.19 Figure 2.13: Parishes with the Highest Percentage of High School Youth (Grades 10 and 12) Indicating Binge Drinking in Past 2 Weeks (2008)...2.20 Table 2.6: Average Age of First Alcohol Use by Louisiana Students, by Grade and Table 2.7: Gender (2006, 2008)...2.21 Percentage of High School Students (Grades 10 and 12) Indicating Any Alcohol Use in Past 30 Days, Binge Drinking in Past 2 Weeks, and Average Age of First Alcohol Use, by Parish (2008)...2.22 Table 2.8: Sources of Obtaining Alcohol by Louisiana Youth Grades 6, 8, 10, and 12 (2008)...2.25 Table 2.9: Causes of Death or Injury and Diseases That Are Attributable to Alcohol... 2.26 Figure 2.14: Rate of Alcohol Related Cirrhosis Deaths, Louisiana vs. United States (2000-2005)...2.27 Figure 2.15: Average Annual Number of Alcohol Related Cirrhosis Deaths in Louisiana by Age Group (2000-2005)...2.28 Table 2.10: Number and Rate of Chronic Liver Disease Deaths in Louisiana, by Race and Gender (1999-2006)...2.29 Figure 2.16: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Chronic Liver Disease Deaths (2003-2006 Average)...2.30 Figure 2.17: Louisiana Chronic Liver Disease Deaths (2003-2006): Relative Rates...2.31 Figure 2.18: Percentage of Respondents Classified as Dependent or Abusing Alcohol, Louisiana vs. United States (2005-2007)...2.32 Figure 2.19: Percentage of Respondents Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Alcohol Use, Louisiana vs. United States (2005-2007)...2.33 Table 2.11: Table 2.12: Number of OAD Treatment Admissions with Alcohol as Primary Drug, and Percentage of Admissions with Alcohol as Primary Substance (2002-2008)...2.34 Primary and Secondary Drug for OAD Treatment Admissions in Louisiana (2008)...2.35 Table 2.13: Number and Percentage of OAD Admissions, by Gender and Race (2008)... 2.36 Figure 2.20: Number of Louisiana OAD Admissions with Presenting Problems Related to Alcohol or Drug, by Age Group (2006-2008)...2.37 Page 0.12 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009
Table of Figures and Tables, Cont. Figure 2.21: Parishes with the Highest Rate of Admissions with Presenting Problems Related to Alcohol or Drugs (2008)...2.38 Figure 2.22: Louisiana Alcohol or Drug Related Treatment Admissions (2008): Relative Rates...2.39 Table 2.14: Percentage of Louisiana Youth Classified as in Need for Alcohol and/or Table 2.15: Drug Treatment, by Grade (2008)...2.40 Percentage of Louisiana College Students Who Reported Negative Experiences as a Result of Alcohol or Drug Use (2009)...2.41 Figure 2.23: Percentage of Adults Indicating Driving After Drinking in the Past Year by Age Group, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2002, 2004, 2006)...2.42 Figure 2.24: Percentage of Students Drinking and Driving, Riding with a Drinking Driver in the Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2007, 2008)...2.43 Figure 2.25: Parishes with the Highest Percentage of Youth Indicating Drinking and Driving (2008)...2.44 Figure 2.26: Parishes with the Highest Percentage of Youth Indicating Riding with a Drinking Driver (2008)...2.45 Figure 2.27: Louisiana Youth Indicating Drinking and Driving or Riding with a Drinking Driver (2008): Relative Rates...2.46 Figure 2.28: Percentage of Fatal Vehicle Crashes Involving Alcohol, Louisiana vs. United States (1990-2007)...2.47 Table 2.16: Number and Rate of Fatal Alcohol-Related Crashes in Louisiana (2000-2008)... 2.48 Figure 2.29: Rate of Alcohol Related Crashes Resulting in Fatalities by Age of Driver, Louisiana (2006-2008)...2.49 Figure 2.30: Number of Alcohol Related Crashes Resulting in Fatalities by Age of driver (2006-2008 Combined)...2.49 Figure 2.31: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Alcohol Related Vehicle Crashes Resulting in Fatalities (2008)...2.50 Figure 2.32: Louisiana Fatal Alcohol Related Motor Vehicle Crashes (2008): Relative Rates... 2.51 Figure 2.33: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Alcohol Related Vehicle Crashes Resulting in Injuries (2008)...2.52 Figure 2.34: Louisiana Alcohol Related Motor Vehicle Crashes Resulting in Injuries (2008): Relative Rates:...2.53 Table 2.17: Table 2.18: Number and Rate of Alcohol-Related Vehicle Crashes Resulting in Fatalities and Injuries by Parish (2008)...2.54 Number and Rate per 100,000 Population of Accidental Deaths Due to Falls and Drowning, by Gender and Race (2005 and 2006)...2.57 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 0.13
Table of Figures and Tables, Cont. Figure 2.35: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Death by Accidental Falls (2003-2006 Average)...2.58 Figure 2.36: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Death from Accidental Drowning and Submersion (2003-2006)...2.59 Figure 2.37: Rate of Suicides in Louisiana and the U.S. (1999-2005)...2.60 Table 2.19: Ethnic Comparisons on Number and Rate of Suicides per 100,000 Population in Louisiana (2005)...2.61 Figure 2.38: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Suicides (2003-2006 Average)...2.62 Figure 2.39: Louisiana Suicides (2003-2006): Relative Rates...2.63 Figure 2.40: Rate of Homicides in Louisiana and U.S. (1999-2005)...2.64 Figure 2.41: Rate of Homicides in Louisiana, By Age Group (2005)...2.65 Table 2.20: Number and Rate of Homicides per 100,000 in Louisiana, by Ethnicity/Race and Gender (2005)...2.66 Figure 2.42: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Homicides (2003-2006 Average)...2.67 Figure 2.43: Louisiana Homicides (2003-2006): Relative Rates...2.68 Figure 2.44: Rate of Reported Violent Crimes, Louisiana vs. United States (1994-2006)... 2.69 Figure 2.45: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Reported Violent Crimes (2006)...2.70 Figure 2.46: Louisiana Violent Crimes (2006): Relative Rates...2.71 Table 2.21: Table 2.22: School Suspensions and Expulsions for Substance Related Violations in Louisiana (2004-2008)...2.72 Suspensions and Expulsions for the Use or Possession of Alcoholic Beverages by Gender, Race/Ethnicity and Grade (2008)...2.73 Figure 2.47: Parishes with the Highest Number of Alcohol Related Suspensions and Expulsions (2008)...2.74 Section 3: Tobacco Use in Louisiana: Consumption Patterns and Consequences Table 3.1: Estimates of Tobacco Use... 3.2 Table 3.2: Tobacco Use Consequences... 3.3 Figure 3.1: Percentage of Adults Indicating Smoking Cigarettes in Past 30 Days, Louisiana vs. U.S. (1999-2007)... 3.4 Figure 3.2: Percentage of Adults Indicating Cigarette Use in the Past 30 Days by Age Group, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2005-2007)... 3.5 Figure 3.3: Adults Indicating Daily Cigarette Use, Louisiana vs. U.S. (1999-2007)... 3.6 Figure 3.4: Percentage of Respondents Indicating Daily Cigarette Use by Age Group, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2005-2007)... 3.7 Figure 3.5: Past 30 Day Smoking Prevalence by Ethnicity, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2006, 2007)... 3.8 Page 0.14 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009
Table of Figures and Tables, Cont. Table 3.3: Percentage of Higher Education Students Indicating Tobacco Use (2007, 2009)... 3.9 Table 3.4: Tobacco Use Among College Students by Gender, Louisiana (2009)... 3.9 Figure 3.6: Percentage of Youth Indicating Smoking in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2002-2008)...3.10 Table 3.5: Percentage of Louisiana Youth (8th, 10th, and 12th Graders Combined) Indicating Lifetime and Past 30 Day Tobacco Use, and Average Age of Onset by Gender (2006, 2008)....3.11 Figure 3.7: Parishes with the Highest Percentage of High School Youth (Grades 10 and 12) Indicating Past 30 Day Cigarette Use (2008)...3.12 Figure 3.8: Number of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease, Lung Cancer, Lung Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease Deaths by Age Range, Louisiana (2005)...3.13 Figure 3.9: Lung Cancer Mortality Rate, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2000-2005)...3.14 Figure 3.10: Parishes with the Highest Rate of Lung Cancer Mortality in Louisiana (2004-2006 Average)...3.15 Figure 3.11: Louisiana Lung Cancer Deaths (2004-2006): Relative Rates...3.16 Figure 3.12: Lung Disease Mortality Rate, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2000-2005)...3.17 Figure 3.13: Parishes with the Highest Rates of Lung Disease Mortality in Louisiana (2005-2006 Average)...3.18 Figure 3.14: Louisiana Lung Disease Deaths (2005-2006): Relative Rates...3.19 Figure 3.15: Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Rate, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2000-2005)...3.20 Figure 3.16: Parishes with the Highest Rate of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality in Louisiana (2005 and 2006 Average)...3.21 Figure 3.17: Louisiana Lung Disease Deaths (2005-2006): Relative Rates...3.22 Figure 3.18: Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease Mortality Rate, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2000-2005)...3.23 Table 3.6: Number and Rate of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease for Parishes with Populations Greater that 100,000 (2003-2005 Average)...3.24 Table 3.7: Number and Rate of Accidental Deaths Due to Fire by Gender and Race (2005 and 2006)...3.25 Figure 3.19: Parishes with the Highest Rate in Accidental Death by Exposure to Fire, Table 3.8: Smoke and Flames (2003-2006 Average)...3.26 Suspensions and Expulsions for the Use or Possession of Tobacco or Lighters by Gender, Race/Ethnicity and Grade (2008)...3.27 Figure 3.20: Parishes with the Highest Number of Tobacco or Lighter Suspensions and Expulsions (2008)...3.28 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 0.15
Table of Figures and Tables, Cont. Section 4: Illicit Drug Use in Louisiana: Consumption Patterns and Consequences Table 4.1: Estimates of Illicit Drug Use: Youth... 4.2 Table 4.2: Estimates of Illicit Drug Use: Adults... 4.3 Table 4.3: Illicit Drug Use Consequences... 4.4 Figure 4.1: Percentage of Adults Indicating Illicit Drug Use (Other than Marijuana) in the Past 30 Days by Age Group, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2006)... 4.6 Figure 4.2: Percentage of Respondents Indicating Cocaine Use in the Past Year, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2007)... 4.7 Figure 4.3: Percentage of Respondents Indicating Marijuana Use in the Past 30 Days, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2007)... 4.8 Table 4.4: Percentage of Higher Education Students Indicating Illicit Drug Use in the Past Year (2007-2009)... 4.9 Table 4.5: Percentage of Higher Education Students Indicating Illicit Drug Use in the Past 30 Days (2007-2009)... 4.9 Table 4.6: Past 30 Day Substance Use Among College Students by Gender (2009)... 4.10 Figure 4.4: Percent of Youth Indicating Any Illicit Drug Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.11 Figure 4.5: Percentage of Youth Indicating Any Illicit Drug Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.12 Figure 4.6: Percentage of Youth Indicating Cocaine Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.13 Figure 4.7: Percentage of Youth Indicating Cocaine Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.13 Figure 4.8: Percentage of Youth Indicating Ecstasy Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. Figure 4.9: U.S. (2004-2008)...4.14 Percentage of Youth Indicating Ecstasy Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.14 Figure 4.10: Percentage of Youth Indicating Hallucinogen Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.15 Figure 4.11: Percentage of Youth Indicating Hallucinogen Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.15 Figure 4.12: Percentage of Youth Indicating Heroin Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.16 Figure 4.13: Percentage of Youth Indicating Heroin Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.16 Figure 4.14: Percentage of Youth Indicating Inhalant Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.17 Page 0.16 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009
Table of Figures and Tables, Cont. Figure 4.15: Percentage of Youth Indicating Inhalant Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.17 Figure 4.16: Percentage of Youth Indicating Marijuana Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.18 Figure 4.17: Percentage of Youth Indicating Marijuana Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.18 Table 4.7: Average Age of First Marijuana Use and Percentage Indicating Past 30 Day Marijuana Use (6th, 8th, 10th, 12th graders combined), by Gender (2008)... 4.19 Figure 4.18: Parishes with the Highest Percentage of High School Youth (Grades 10 and 12) Indicating Marijuana Use in Past 30 Days (2008)...4.20 Figure 4.19: Percentage of Youth Indicating Methamphetamine Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.21 Figure 4.20: Percentage of Youth Indicating Methamphetamine Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.21 Figure 4.21: Percentage of Youth Indicating Prescription Narcotic Use for Non-Prescribed Purposes in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.22 Figure 4.22: Percentage of Youth Indicating Prescription Narcotic Use for Non-Prescribed Purposes in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.22 Figure 4.23: Percentage of Youth Indicating Sedative Use in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.23 Figure 4.24: Percentage of Youth Indicating Sedative Use in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.23 Figure 4.25: Percentage of Youth Indicating Stimulant Use Other than Methamphetamine in Lifetime by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.24 Figure 4.26: Percentage of Youth Indicating Stimulant Use Other than Methamphetamine in Past 30 Days by Grade, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2008)...4.24 Figure 4.27: Rate of Illicit Drug Deaths, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2000-20005)...4.25 Figure 4.28: Number of Illicit Drug Deaths in Louisiana, By Age Group (2005)...4.26 Figure 4.29: Rate of Illicit Drug Deaths in Louisiana, By Age Group (2005)...4.26 Figure 4.30: Parishes with the Highest Rate of Illicit Drug Deaths (1999-2006 Average)... 4.27 Figure 4.31: Louisiana Illicit Drug Deaths (1999-2006): Relative Rates...4.28 Table 4.8: New HIV/AIDS Cases in Louisiana (2005-2008)...4.29 Table 4.9: Demographics of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Louisiana as of December 31, 2008...4.30 Figure 4.32: Number of New Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Diagnoses in Louisiana (2003-2008)...4.31 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 0.17
Table of Figures and Tables, Cont. Table 4.10: Demographics of People with New Diagnoses of Hepatitis B and C (2003-2008 Combined)...4.32 Figure 4.33: Percentage of Persons Meeting Criteria for Drug Dependence and Abuse, by Age Group, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2007)...4.33 Figure 4.34: Percentage of Respondents Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use in Past Year by Age Group, Louisiana vs. U.S. (2004-2007)... 4.34 Table 4.11: Primary and Secondary Drug for OAD Treatment Admissions in Louisiana Table 4.12: (2008)...4.36 Trends in OAD Treatment Admissions for the Five Most Frequently Indicated Primary Substances (Not Including Alcohol) at Intake (2003-2008)...4.37 Figure 4.35: Rate of Reported Property Crime, Louisiana vs. United States (1994-2006)... 4.38 Figure 4.36: Parishes with the Highest Reported Property Crime Rates in Louisiana (2006)...4.39 Table 4.13: Suspensions and Expulsions for the Use or Possession of Controlled Substances by Gender, Race/Ethnicity and Grade (2008)...4.41 Figure 4.37: Parishes with the Highest Number of Controlled Substances Related Suspensions and Expulsions (2008)...4.42 Appendix A: Resources and Data Sources *No Tables or Figures Appendix B: Parish Level Alcohol Consumption and Consequences Table B.1: Number and Rate of Liver Disease Deaths by Louisiana Parish (2003-2006)... B.1 Table B.2: Number and Rate of OAD Admissions with Presenting Problems Related to Alcohol or Drugs, by Parish (2008)...B.4 Table B.3: Percentage of Youth Indicating Drinking and Driving, Riding with a Drinking Driver by Parish (2008)...B.7 Table B.4: Number and Rate of Death from Accidental Falls by Louisiana Parish (2003-2006)...B.10 Table B.5: Number and Rate of Death from Accidental Drowning and Submersion by Louisiana Parish (2003-2006)...B.13 Table B.6: Number and Rate of Suicides by Parish (2003-2006)...B.16 Table B.7: Number and Rate of Homicides by Parish (2003-2006)...B.19 Table B.8: Number and Rate of Reported Violent Crimes in Louisiana by Parish (2006)...B.22 Table B.9: Number of Suspensions and Expulsions for Substance Related Violations by Parish/School District: Grades 6-12 Combined (2008)...B.25 Page 0.18 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009
Table of Figures and Tables, Cont. Appendix C: Parish Level Tobacco Consumption and Consequences Table C.1: Percentage of High School Youth (Grades 10 and 12) Indicating Past 30 Day Cigarette Use by Parish (2008)... C.1 Table C.2: Number and Rate of Lung Cancer Deaths by Parish (2004-2006 Average)... C.4 Table C.3: Number and Rate of Lung Disease Deaths by Parish (2005 and 2006 Average)... C.7 Table C.4: Number and Rate of Cardiovascular Disease Deaths by Parish (2005 and 2006 combined)....c.10 Table C.5: Number and Rate of Death from Accidental Exposure to Fire, Smoke, and Flames by Louisiana Parish (2003-2006 Combined)....C.13 Appendix D: Parish Level Illicit Drug Consumption and Consequences Table D.1: Percentage of High School Youth (Grades 10 and 12) Indicating Marijuana in Past 30 Days, by Parish (2008)... D.1 Table D.2: Number and Rate of Illicit Drug Deaths by Parish (1999-2006)... D.4 Table D.3: Number and Rate of People Living with HIV/AIDS in Louisiana by Parish (2006, 2008)... D.7 Table D.4: Number of New HIV/AIDS Diagnoses in Louisiana by Parish (1999-2008)... D.10 Table D.5: Reported Property Crime Rates by Parish (2006)... D.13 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 0.19
State Epidemiological Workgroup Membership This report was made possible in part by the members of the SEW, especially those who provided data from their agency, authorized staff from their agency to provide data, or who contributed to the writing and development of the previous State Epidemiological Profile Reports. The current membership of the SEW as of December 2009 is provided below. Ms. Stacie Albin, Department of Social Services, Office of Family Assistance Program Policy Section Mr. Anshoo Kumar, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health, Policy, Planning and Evaluation Ms. Sonya Lars, Louisiana Commission on Law Enforcement Dr. Gary Asmus (State Epidemiological Workgroup Co-Chair), University of Louisiana, Lafayette, Center for Child Development Ms. Linda McIntyre, Prevention Systems Committee Representative Dr. Gary Balsamo, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health, Infectious Disease Epidemiology Mr. Bill Blanchard, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office for Addictive Disorders, Prevention Ms. Caren Pourciau, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office for Addictive Disorders, Prevention Ms. Brandi Bourgeois, Department of Health and Hospitals, Bureau of Primary Care and Rural Health Ms. Audry Pugh, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health Dr. Leslie Brougham, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office for Addictive Disorders, Prevention Mr. Henry Richardson, Drug Enforcement Administration Ms. Lillie Burns, Department of Education Mr. Ellis Roussel, Governor s Office Safe and Drug Free Schools and Communities Ms. Cathy Childers, Louisiana Highway Safety Commission Ms. Suzanne Sheif-Bourgeois, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health Ms. Dortha Cummins, Task Force to Prevent Underage and High Risk Drinking Ms. Dawn Diez (Strategic Prevention Framework State Incentive Grant, Project Director), Governor s Office Safe and Drug Free Schools and Communities Mr. James Spurlin, National Guard Ms. Nichole Dupree, Department of Health and Hospitals, Injury Research and Prevention Program Mr. Robert Starszak, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office of Public Health, Center for Health Statistics Ms. Vivian Gettys, Capital Area Human Services District, FASD Prevention Collaborative Dr. Murelle Harrison, Department of Psychology, Southern University Mr. Ivory Wilson, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office for Addictive Disorders, Treatment Ms. Quinetta Womack, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office for Addictive Disorders, Treatment Ms. Felecia Johnson, Department of Health and Hospitals, Office for Addictive Disorders, Prevention Staff and Contractors: Ms. Jonetta Bennett, Governor s Office Safe and Drug Free Schools and Communities Dr. Edward Ho (SPF-SIG Evaluation Project Director), Bach Harrison, LLC Dr. Le Ngu, Bach Harrison, LLC Ms. Pacience Smith (SPF-SIG Project Evaluator), Bach Harrison, LLC Page 0.20 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009
Section 1: Introduction: Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Section 1 Contents: Mission of the SEW The Evolution of the SEW Community-Focused Prevention and the SEW Tools for Communities Statewide Data System Online SEW Indicator Database Website Impacts of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita Population Estimates Used for this Report Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009 Page 1.1
Introduction Overview The Strategic Prevention Framework State Incentive Grant (SPF-SIG) State Epidemiological Workgroup (SEW) is a group tasked with identifying and evaluating existing substance abuse related data sources and identifying needs for additional substance abuse related data sources. Membership is open to representatives from departments, agencies, universities, and other entities responsible for collecting, housing, analyzing, and reporting data related to the consumption and consequences of substance use and abuse. The primary purpose of the SEW is to support the efforts of the SPF-SIG Project, also known as the Governor s Initiative to Build a Healthy Louisiana. The SEW s role is that of an advisory committee to the Prevention Systems Committee (PSC) and Drug Policy Board (DPB). The DPB was established by legislation in 1990 to to elicit, motivate, and coordinate the best efforts and ideas of all organizations, agencies, entities, and individuals who volunteer or can be conscripted to make a contribution toward the goal of eradicating drug and alcohol abuse and its poisonous fruit. (Act 1990, No. 1029, 2). In April 2005, the DPB approved the SEW and the PSC as formal advisory groups. Louisiana is one of twenty states in the first cohort of states that were awarded this grant in October 2004. This process incorporates the SPF model that is endorsed and utilized by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration s (SAMHSA) Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP). This state epidemiological profile is an update of the previous epidemiological profiles that were developed in 2005 and 2007. As such, much of the organization, writing and narrative have been retained from the earlier profile reports in order to provide consistency across the three profile reports. The layout of the report, however, has been significantly modified to enhance the presentation of the data. Mission of the SEW At its inception, the SEW was populated with individuals that came from a wide range of agencies within the Louisiana state government. The original mission of the SEW was to gather all data that was relevant to planning and evaluating substance abuse prevention activities using the SPF model. By selecting members for the SEW from the agencies that housed these data, the hope was that the membership could facilitate access to this information. In this regard, the SEW was very successful. SEW members gathered and shared data that were aggregated and presented to the public for planning and implementation of substance abuse prevention programs. The first SEW report, published in April 2006 (initially completed in 2005), was the eventual product of the workgroup. The report was presented to the DPB, who requested that an annual epidemiological report be published by the SEW. Funding has allowed updating of the State Epidemiological Profile every two years, resulting in epidemiological profiles for 2005, 2007 and the current edition for 2009. In addition to providing access to these data, the SEW was intended to provide recommendations regarding issues related to the use of the data in planning and evaluating substance abuse prevention activities. The SPF grant is intended to fund the development of a total systems approach at state and community levels, spurring data driven decision making and Page 1.2 Louisiana Statewide Substance Abuse Epidemiology Profile 2009