Environmental Standards and Procedures in the Industrial Cities.

Environmental Standards and Procedures in the Industrial Cities. 1

Table of contents Subject: Introduction: Page No. 36 1. General standards for protection of private environment in the industrial city. 37 2. Air quality standards. 37 3. Air pollution resources standards: 38 4. Wastewater and Industrial stipulations and standards on the water network. 40 5. Initial treatment stipulations before drainage to the central treatment facilities. 43 6. Fundamentals and procedures of environmental effects evaluation. 46 2

Introduction: Types of pollution in today s environment pollution have become so many as pollution became present and common in our lives regardless the places of its presence. The types of pollution which has become disturbing is air pollution of the industrial cities and the urban regions as well as the indoor pollution in the houses, offices and factories in addition to the industrial pollution, which is the focus of this Annex. The scholars are unanimously agreed that the effects are dangerous to human being as a result of exposure to pollutants resulted from industry. For example, the most dangerous pollutants are air pollutants, carbon dioxide, fine particles that can be inhaled, nitrogen dioxides, carbon monoxide, lead and the oxidizing chemo- visual materials. Note that the source of this pollution is basically the human being as Allah Almighty said: In the name of God, Most Gracious, Most Merciful, corruption has appeared on land and sea with what the hands of the people earned. Therefore, they taste some of what they did in order that they return. The truth of God Almighty. The Kingdom has cared to face this pollution of all its forms and based on the Royal Decree No. 7 / M / 8903 dated 21/4/1401H, which entrusted the control of pollution and the protection of environment to the General Presidency of Meteorology and Environmental Protection to find suitable grounds for evaluation and organization of the existing industrial and constructional activities, which will be established so as to prevent harmful effects to the health, safety and stability of the human being and upgrading level of his social and economic environment and the preservation of the kingdom s environment in general. Saudi Industrial Property Authority realized that it necessary to issue a manual on environmental standards and requirements that should be applied when establishing industrial estates and technology zones, factories and its facilities to be considered and applied also by the existing industrial estates and technology zones to assist the consulting firms and developers, and to complete the system of the guides issued by MODON to serve as a guide for investors and developers. This Annex includes a number of standards, requirements, procedures and principles as follows: The public standards for protection of protection of Saudi Industrial Property Authority environment. Air quality standards. Air pollution resources standards. Sewage and industrial water system requirements and standards. Primary treatment requirements prior to discharging to central treatment facilities. Principles and procedures of environmental impacts. 3

1. General standards for protection of environment of the Industrial city and technology zones: 1-1 All main facilities and establishments in the industrial city must be designed and operated to insure non-exceeding of the environmental quality standards currently applied in the Kingdom at the time the concerned design is approved in the industrial city. Each main facility in the city must include the best available technol ogy to control the leakage of pollutants and removal of wastes resulted from the operation of the facility. All facilities in the industrial city must be designed and operated in a manner that ensures non-leakage of any poisonous material in the quantity that is enough to cause damage to the public health. 1-2 1-3 2. Air quality Standards: 2-1 The average concentration of carbon dioxide in the year must not exceed 85 micrograms / m 3, (3 fractions / million in any location of the city. The average concentration of suspended fine particles that can be inhaled in the year must not exceed 85 micrograms / m 3 in any location. the average concentration of photochemical oxidants such as, Ozone per hour, 295 micrograms / m 3) 15 fractions of million (more than twice in any location. the average concentration of Nitrogen dioxide in a year must not exceed 100 micrograms / m 3 in any location. The average concentration of carbon monoxide per hour during a thirty days period, (40) mg/m3 more than twice in any location. The average concentration of Hydrogen sulphide In twenty four hours must not exceed (40) mg/m3 (0,03 fractions /million) more than once in any location. 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 4

3. Standards of air pollution sources: An appropriate device must be used to clean or remove gas in all boilers operated by the organic fuel in which the internal heat energy is 20 MW (100 MBT / hour or more with a view to reducing the amount of leakage to the following percentages: 43 ng / Gul (0,1 lb / MBTU) of the total suspended fine particles. 1 micro gram / Gul (2,3 lb / MBTU) of carbon dioxide. 130 ng / Gul (0.3 lb / MBTU) of oxides of nitrogen for oil-burning facilities. 86 ng / Gul (0,2 lb / MBTU) of nitrogen oxides for gas-burning facilities. 3-1 Petrochemicals industry: 3-2-1 Tanks of petroleum liquids: The volatile organic compounds tanks, which its capacity is more than 5614 cubic feet, must be provided with control system to control the leakage of steam in the following ways: The organic compounds warehouses of steam pressure of more than 570 mm mercury must be provided with for vapor recovery systems or similar systems. The organic compounds reservoirs of steam pressure of more than 78 mm mercury (1.5 PSI) and less than 570 mm mercury (PSI N) must be provided with double closing floating roofs or other similar systems. 3.2-2 Renewal units of the assisting factors in the (F. C. C) units: The following units must be used: carbon monoxide boilers of high heat to reduce the amount of gas to 500 fractions / million. Suitable Air cleaners to reduce the amount of the leaked suspended fine particles to 1 kg / metric tons of pollution coal to be burned. 3-2-3 Burning fuel gas: The ground washers or any other suitable process for cleaning of gas must be employed in order to reduce the proportion of hydrogen sulfide in the discharged gases to 230 mg / m 3 (150 fraction /million). 5

3-2-4 Clawz facilities to recover the sulfur: Clawz process must be employed for two or three phases to get at least 95% of the total quantity of sulfur. 3-2-5 Vapors leaking from the organic compounds: The good maintenance and inspection procedures must be provided and the points from which the organic compounds resulted from the petrochemical industry is expected to get out. 3-3 Fertilizer plants: Gas leakage accesses must be controlled by burning or by other appropriate cleaning method way confirming that 99% of the vaporized organic compounds are removed. 3-4 Cement plants: 3-4-1 Cement furnaces: The materials leaking from the cement furnaces must be controlled by electrostatic precipitators and textile refineries, or any other appropriate means in order to determine the amount of the leaked suspended fine particles to no more than 0.15 kg per metric ton. 3-4-2 Clinker coolers: The material leaked from clinker coolers must be controlled by textile refineries or any other appropriate means in order to determine the amount of the leaked suspended fine particles to no more than 0.05 kg per metric ton. 3-5 Primary aluminum reduction facilities: 3-5-1 Reduction vessels: The material leaked from the primary aluminum reduction facilities must be controlled by a suitable air cleaning device for the purpose of determining the amount of fluorides leaked to no more than 1.25 kg / metric ton. fine particles to no more than 0.05 kg per metric ton. 6

3-5-2 Positive electrode heating installations: The material leaked from the positive electrode heating installations must be controlled by a suitable air cleaning device for the purpose of determining fluorides leaked to no more than 0.05 kg / metric ton. 3-6 Iron and steel plants (electric spark furnaces): The material leaked from the electric furnaces must be controlled by a suitable gas cleaning device, for the purpose of determining the leaked suspended fine particles to 12 mg / m 3. 3-7 lime production plants: The amount of the suspended fine particles leaked from the rotary furnaces must not exceed 0.2 kg / metric tons of used raw limestone using a suitable gas cleaning device. 3-8 Visual ejections resulting from industrial activities: The maximum value of all activities must not exceed 20% of with the exception of three fine particles of any continuous period of sixty minutes in length. 4. Stipulations and standards of wastewater and industrial discharge on water network: The agency responsible for the plant should be obliged to apply the best available technology to control pollution. The stipulations of the direct discharge of the sewage water and surface sewage including fire fighting water, drainage of cooling water, boilers conditioning water and water used in any industrial process. 4-1 General Stipulations: The contaminated water with various properties should be separated to the maximum possible extent and the uncontaminated surface water and the water used for cooling for one-time directly may be discharged without treatment. 4-2 Special Stipulations: The following stipulations shall apply to the contaminated water and before the direct discharge of the public sewage in accordance with the following properties and standards: 7

4-2-1 Physicochemical properties: Properties Authorized Discharge levels Floating materials None (PH) 6-9 ph unit Total solid suspended materials (TSS) 15 mg / L (maximum) PH Temperature (Centigrade) The properties of the thermal discharged water are determined to suit the properties of the used water and to identify these properties in each case separately. NTU 75 (maximum) Source: The executive by-law of the environment public regulation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1424 - The General Presidency of Meteorology and Environment Protection - Ministry of Defense and Civil Aviation. 8

4-2-2 organic chemical properties: Properties The monthly average of the authorized discharge levels Biochemical need for oxygen (BOD) 25 mg / L The chemical need for oxygen (COD) 150 mg / L Total organic carbon (TOC) 50 mg / L Total nitrogen using Chledal manner (TKN) 5 mg / L Total Chlorinated hydrocarbons (TCH) 0,01 mg / L Oils and grease 8 mg / L (not to exceed 15 mg / l in the case of any single discharge) Phenol 0,1 mg / L Total chromium (Cr) 0,1 mg / L Copper (Cu) 0,2 mg / L Total cyanide (CN) 0,5 mg / L Lead (Pb) 0,1 mg / L Mercury (Hg) 0,001 mg / L Nickel (Ni) 0,2 mg / L Total phosphate (PO4) 1 mg / L Zinc (Zn) 1 mg / L Source: The executive by-law of the environment public regulation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1424 - The General Presidency of Meteorology and Environment Protection - Ministry of Defense and Civil Aviation. 9

4-2-3 Biological properties: The monthly average of the authorized discharge levels Properties 25 mg / L BOD Source: The executive by-law of the environment public regulation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1424 - The General Presidency of Meteorology and Environment Protection - Ministry of Defense and Civil Aviation. 4-3 Mixing area: Each direct discharge should be distributed appropriately and should be mixed with the water received appropriately. The mixing area must also be identified to reduce adverse impacts on the areas designated for the beneficial use. An appropriate area of mixing shall be identified for the purpose stated in each case individually. 5. Stipulations for the initial treatment prior to discharge to the central processing facilities: These stipulations shall apply to the contaminated water resulting from the industrial processes before being discharged to the sewage public network. The following are the initial treatment instructions that show the maximum limits of the allowable levels of the pollutants in the discharged water. 5-1 Physiochemical Properties: Properties Instructions Total solid suspended materials (TSS) 200 mg / L (maximum) (PH) 55-10 PH Unit Source: The executive by-law of the environment public regulation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1424 - The General Presidency of Meteorology and Environment Protection - Ministry of Defense and Civil Aviation. 10

5-2 Organic Chemical Properties: Properties Instructions (Maximum) The chemical need for oxygen (COD) 1500 mg / L Total organic carbon (TOC) 1000 mg / L Oils and grease 120 mg / L Phenol 150 mg / L Total Chlorinated hydrocarbons (TCH) 0.5 mg / L Source: The executive by-law of the environment public regulation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1424 - The General Presidency of Meteorology and Environment Protection - Ministry of Defense and Civil Aviation. 11

5-3 Non Organic Chemical Properties: Properties Instructions (Maximum) Arsenic (As) 1 mg / L Cadmium(Cd) 0.5 mg / L Total chromium (Cr) 2 mg / L Copper (Cu) 1 mg / L Total cyanide (CN) 1 mg / L Lead (Pb) 1 mg / L Mercury (Hg) 0.01 mg / L Nickel(Ni) 2 mg / L Zinc (Zn) 10 mg / L Source: The executive by-law of the environment public regulation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1424 - The General Presidency of Meteorology and Environment Protection - Ministry of Defense and Civil Aviation. 12

6- Principles and procedures for assessment of environmental impacts: 6-1 Guidelines and principles for development of the industrial city environmental assessment study: First: Description and purpose of the project to include: The purpose of the project and the need for it. Components of the project (buildings, industrial facilities - facilities attached to the project such as, water-purification plant - wastewater treatment plant - power plant - housing - services... etc). Establishment phases of the project. Manpower for the project during the operation. Alternatives and choices. Second: The status of the environment surrounding the facility to include: Quality of air. Soil and layers of the earth. Surface and groundwater water. Wild environment (plant - animal if any). Naval environment (if any). Uses surrounding the site. Land ownership (public - private). Third: The environmental assessment to include: Identification of the potential impacts of the project with alternatives. Analysis of the fundamental impacts of the project. Analysis of impacts on quality of air and the natural environment, Land uses, residential complexes, and the general aesthetic scene... Etc Fourth: Assessment of the fundamental impacts: Arranging the impacts according to the degree of its impact on natural resources. Estimating the percentage of the damage on the region and range of such damage. Conducting studies to reduce the expected impacts and taking the necessary measures for mitigation and correction. 13

Fifth: Summary of the significant impacts after procedures of the reduction: 6-2 Basic principles of environmental assessment for the industrial projects: The reviewing process for assessment of the environmental effects on the following main principles: The nature and size of the activity to be conducted and the presence of similar projects in the site or similar sites. The extent to which the facility exhausted the natural resources, particularly, the agricultural land and mineral wealth. Location of the facility and the nature of the surrounding environment and nearby residential complexes. The quality of the used energy. The assessment technique depends on the classification of projects of different types based on the level of expected impacts into three categories as follows: Category I: Projects with limited environmental impacts: It includes the projects from which the sensible negative environmental impacts are not expected, including: Textile and ready -made garments factories which do not include dyeing equipment. Rubber and plastic products factories that rely on heating to below the emission of harmful gases such as, (Furan gas from heating raw PVC). Processing and packaging of food and different drinks factories. Tailoring, sewing leather, shoes and bags factories which do not contain any tanning process. 14

Category II: projects with significant environmental impacts: These include projects that can be or are expected to cause some important environmental impacts which may require the preparation of a specified environmental evaluation report related to certain environmental or technical sections and these projects include: Steel and iron plants and non-ferrous metals foundries, which produce less than 150 tons / day. Treatment, galvanization and coating plants of iron and metals for less than 25 tons of crafts / day. Works of engines, machinery workshops, pipes factories and boilers factories. Manufacture and assembly of cars and vehicles. Glass factories. Brick, Refractory, ceramics, pottery and porcelain factories. Chemical industry, medicine, paint, detergents, gum with capacity less than 25 tons / day. Plants and mixers of asphalt and ready-mixed concrete plants. Paper and cardboard factories. Dyeing works of textiles for less than 10 tons / day. Processing and packing plants, vegetables and food to more than 100 tons / year. Manufacturing and the production of feed projects. Sites and warehouses for storage of non-petroleum chemicals. Facilities and locations of recycling and reuse of industrial wastes and petroleum wastes. Fish and marine products processing factories for more than 1000 tons / year. 15

Category III: Includes projects with serious environmental impacts: The projects that are expected when incepted and / or operated to have serious adverse impacts on man and environment, which requires the preparation of a comprehensive study to assess the environmental impacts of these projects.this list includes: Steel and cast iron factories that increase the production capacity of 150 tons / day. Factories performing electroplating of the various crafts which have a capacity of more than 25 tons / day. Cement factories. Minerals extraction. Chemical and major petrochemical industries such as a fertilizer industry, petroleum products and medicines. Paints and detergents factories, which produce more than 50 tons / day. Pesticide factories. Major leafy production factories. Textiles dyeing works for more than 10 tons / day. Tanning works for more than one million ft 2 per year. Lead smelters. Refineries of vegetable and animal oils and others. Petrochemical plants. Storage, treatment and disposal of toxic and hazardous wastes facilities Sugar refining factories. 16

6-3 procedures for reviewing projects: The project owner shall apply his request to obtain the environmental approval of the project in accordance with the forms prepared for that and according to the classification of industrial projects (first class - second class - third class). 2 copies of a preliminary report shall be presented by a consulting office. The report shows the project site, technical information, environmental as well as the graphics and catalogs of the project and the equipment. If the project is classified of the third category, an environmental specified assessment study must be submitted of specific areas and certain features of the project or the surrounding environment to the project provided that this study be prepared by one of the institutions qualified for the General Presidency of Meteorology and Environmental Protection. The applicant shall be notified of the observations and recommendations relating to the approval for the establishment of the project within two months from the date of submission of the application either with the conditioned approval after displaying the comments or the non approval with identification of the reasons. 6-4 Models of the initial information for projects (first category - second category): 6-4-1 Model of the initial information for the first category projects: Information about the applicant: Applicant Name:... Address:... 17

Phone and fax:... E-mail:... General Information: Type of the project (industrial - agricultural - residential - commercial - tourism - Other...) new facility (expansion of an existing facility list (.). Description of activity: Location: inside (..) or outside (.) the city limits of (...) Name of the city or industrial area (...) the number of population within 250 m around the project... People Area of the project site... Hectare... Square meters (Please attach a clear map of the site describes the distance from residential complexes) Sources of energy: ( ) Type and amount of the used fuel:( ). Constructional activities: Start date and duration: (.) The area to be configured: ( ) Description of constructional works: (.) Industrial productive projects: Simplified description of the products and its rates: (.) Simplified description of raw materials, quantities and sources (liquid) - (Powder) and (solid): Number of manpower ( ) Number of production hours (.)number of work shifts ( ) 18

Simplified description of phases of processing and production (must be attached in separate sheets and graphics to which the catalogs and technical reports shall be added, if any) Permits: (list all permits and approvals obtained from the related concerned authorities for the establishment of this project and attach copies of it) Acknowledgement: I hereunder, declare that the information listed in this form is true and accurate. In case of the desire to make any subsequent amendments, the presidency will be informed before starting the project. The declarant (.), Job title ( ) Date ( ) seal (..) Instructions: SAll the questions must be answered with the possibility of adding other attachments if necessary with reference to the section or paragraph associated thereto in the form. The form should be signed and sealed at the end of it by the person in-charge or the official representative of the project. I6-4-2 Initial information form of the second category projects: Information about the applicant: Applicant Name:... Address:... Phone and fax:... 19

E-mail:... General Information: Project type (industrial - agricultural - residential - commercial - tourism - Other...) new facility (.) (expansion of the existing facility ( ). Description of activity: Location: inside (..) or outside (.) the city limits of (..) Name of the city or industrial area (..) the number of population within 250 m around the project.. People Area of the project site.. Hectare.. Square meters (Please attach a clear map of the site describes the distance from residential complexes) Sources of energy: ( ) Type and amount of the used fuel :( ) Description of the constructional works and the used construction methods:............ Brief description of the project: The main characteristics of the project:...... The objectives of the project:...... The justifications of the project:...... 20

The key components:...... The used tools (The technical reports and catalogs that describe the tools must be attached):...... Quantities of inputs and consumables during the construction and operation: Under construction Under operation m3/day m3/day Inputs Water for health purposes Water for industrial processes Water for other uses (...) Energy (fuel) InRaw materials for (productive projects) Types and quantities in detailputs Others 21

Quantities of outputs, emissions and waste: Under construction Under operation m3/day m3/day Inputs Aeriform (SO2) Aeriform (suspended fine particles) Water for health purposes Aeriform ( NO) Aeriform (Others.) Wastewater Industrial wastewater Industrial waste remnants Home solid remnants Constructional materials remnants Industrial productive projects: Simplified description of the products and its rates: (.) Simplified description of raw materials, quantities and sources (liquid) - (Powder) and (solid): Number of manpower ( ) Number of production hours (.)number of work shifts ( ) Simplified description of phases of processing and production (must be attached in separate sheets and graphics to which the catalogs and technical reports shall be added, if any) 22

Specifications of Chimneys: Height :(.) Diameter: (.) Gas exit rate :( m 3 / hour, temperature:.. 5 m, speed:..m / second Water vapor content: % Specifications of drainage exit: The amount of flow. m 3 / day, Drainage channel diameter: Temperature in the mixing area.5 centigrade Describe the environment surrounding the project: The most important biological characteristics of the region, especially sensitive ones (including the objects, plants and protected areas, ruins and recreational areas - please detail in other annexes) 23

Specifications of Chimneys: The Impacted Environment/Impact Air Pollution WATER Pollution Wastes Soil Pollution Pollution And Other Impacts The site from construction The neighboring areas from construction Neighboring areas from operation Across the boundaries of the site Health and public services Livestock Plant Wealth Fisheries and marine wealth Tourism and recreation Historic monuments Protected areas others Description of the procedures and techniques of control and mitigation developed for the various effects. 24

Specifications of Chimneys: Control and Mitigation Procedures and the used Techniques Impact Air pollution Water pollution Remnants pollution Soil pollution Emergency and safety cases Other cases Permits: (list all permits and approvals obtained from the related concerned authorities for the establishment of this project and attach copies of it) Acknowledgement: I hereunder, declare that the information listed in this form are true and accurate. In case of the desire to make any subsequent amendments, the presidency will be informed before starting the project. The declarant (.), Job title ( ) Date ( ) seal (..) Attestation of the applicant (project owner) Name: (..) job title: (..) date: (..). Applicant s seal: 25