ELI-ALPS: the Attosecond Light Pulse Source

ELI-ALPS: the Attosecond Light Pulse Source Karoly Osvay 26 th April, 2013

(Single-site) ELI in the ESFRI Roadmap Construction costs 400M Operation costs 50M /year

Preparatory Phase: 2007-2010 Coordinator: Gerard Mourou EU support: 6M - Bulgaria - Czech Republic - France - Germany - Greece - Hungary - Italy - Lithuania - Poland - Portugal - Romania - Spain - United Kingdom

Research facilities of ELI Attosecond Facility Beamlines Facility Attosecond XUV/X-ray physics Applications in material sciences and biology High-brightness sources of X-rays & particles Particle acceleration, dense plasma physics, exotic physics Szeged HU Prague CZ Nuclear Physics Facility Laser-induced nuclear physics Photonuclear science and applications Magurele RO Extreme-intensity development Exawatt-class laser technology High-intensity laser technologies for frontier physical research

Major missions of ELI-ALPS 1) To generate X-UV and X-ray fs and atto pulses, for temporal investigation at the attosecond scale of electron dynamics in atoms, molecules, plasmas and solids. ATTOSECOND Beamline & User Facility 2) To contribute to the technological development towards 200PW HIGH INTENSITY beamline

Schematics of ELI-ALPS

Implementation Specs and basic design Done (FS) Number of tasks for the Sci Tech of the facility: 59 Number of research establishments contacted & contracted: 26 Conceptual Design Report Part I is to be approved by end April, 2013 Public procurement and R & D contracts Detailed technical design and implementation on contractors site Starts: May/June, 2013 Contracts: Q3, 2013 Q2-2014 By the supplyers TDR By end 2014 Installation (Phase I) From Q1 2015

Specifications of the main lasers Conservative, but still cutting edge lasers by 2017 ALPS High Repetition Rate (HR) beamline 100kHz, >5mJ, <5fs, VIS-NIR, CEP ALPS Single Cycle (SYLOS) beamline 1kHz, >100mJ, <5fs, VIS-NIR, CEP ALPS High Field (HF) beamline Ti:S duty end: 5Hz, >40J, <15fs, NIR or OPCPA: 10Hz, 10J, <8fs, NIR Phase 1 by 2015 >1mJ, <7fs >30mJ, <10fs 15J, <20fs >1J, <10fs

Schematics of the lasers Oscillator + front end 100 khz Attosecond Beamlines Oscillator + front end 1 khz High Intensity Beamline Oscillator + front end 1 khz (HR) (Sylos) (HF) OPA chain / stages CW DPSSL pump OPA chain / stages CW and pulsed DPSSL pump OPA chain / stages I-VI Pulsed DPSSL pump 5mJ, 100 khz, < 5fs 100mJ, 1 khz, <5fs 0.5J, 100Hz, <10fs Ti:S or OPCPA Flashlamps or DPSSL 5 Hz, 40J, <15fs or 10 Hz, 10J, <8fs THZ & appl. Gas HHG: Atto & XUV Applications Solid HHG: Atto & X-Ray Synchronized Atto/PW Facility PW applications

Benchmarking the Sylos (khz) laser Pulse Energy (mj) MPQ PFS-Pro 100 10 1 ELI-ALPS Sylos P2 ELI-ALPS Sylos P1 PIVUT LOA Salle Noire* CEA PLFA RAL Artemis LOA Salle Rouge KML Red dragon IC Red Dragon IOQ Jena, FCL1 LLC 1kHz CLPU 1kHz CEP CLPU 1kHz CELIA Aurore LOA Salle Noire CUOS Lambda3 Challenges for phase I - pump source - CEP stabilisation - Optics - Dispersion management Challenges for phase II - pump source - CEP stabilisation - Optics - Dispersion management 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Pulse duration (fs)

Benchmarking the HF (PW) laser Ti:S duty amp Peak Power (PW) 10 1 RAL Vulcan 10PW UTexas Texas PW ILE PW LMJ PETAL RAS IAP PEARL JAERI SIOM 10PW ELI-NP APRI-GIST HZDR Penelope Beijing PW HZDR PW CLPU RAL Vulcan 1PW CETAL LBNL Bella IOQ Jena, POLARIS CILEX Apollon MPQ Atlas 3000 RAL Gemini ELI-ALPS HF LLNL E23 MPQ PFS Challenges for phase I - Optics - Dispersion management 0.1 GSI PHELIX LULI Pico2000 CUOS Herkules CILEX LUIRE LASERIX 100TW LULI ELFIE IOQ Jena, JETI-100 CLPU 10Hz MBI SIOM MPQ Atlas LOA Salle Jaune HZDR - Draco CEA UHI LBNL Trex LASERIX 1E-005 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 Repetition Rate (Hz)

Benchmarking the HF (PW) laser full OPCPA Peak Power (PW) 10 1 RAL Vulcan 10PW UTexas Texas PW ILE PW LMJ PETAL RAS IAP PEARL JAERI SIOM 10PW ELI-NP APRI-GIST HZDR Penelope Beijing PW HZDR PW CLPU RAL Vulcan 1PW CETAL LBNL Bella IOQ Jena, POLARIS CILEX Apollon MPQ Atlas 3000 RAL Gemini ELI-ALPS HF LLNL E23 MPQ PFS Challenges for phase I - Optics - Dispersion management - Contrast - Stability 0.1 GSI PHELIX LULI Pico2000 CUOS Herkules CILEX LUIRE LASERIX 100TW LULI ELFIE IOQ Jena, JETI-100 CLPU 10Hz MBI SIOM MPQ Atlas LOA Salle Jaune HZDR - Draco CEA UHI LBNL Trex LASERIX 1E-005 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0.1 1 10 Repetition Rate (Hz)

Auxillary lasers ALPS Mid-Infrared Source (MIRS) 160kHz, >100 J, few cycle, @ 2-3 m few khz @ 4-6 m, few 10mJ ALPS VIS-UV Sources (UVIS) 10Hz, 100mJ, 248nm / 475nm Further NLO stages as secondary sources User needs ultrafast spectroscopy, etc.

Schematics of ELI-ALPS

Secondary sources The electromagnetic spectrum ELI-ALPS radiation sources - From X-ray, X-UV... to THz; - Few cycle pulses

Stage 2 (from January 2018) Stage 1 (from January 2016 - December 2017) Laser system Primary sources (lasers) Peak /average power Rep.rate Pulse energy Pulse duration Spectral range Secondary sources UV/XUV X-ray Ions Electrons THz ALPS-HR > 0.1 TW / 100 W 100 khz 1 mj < 7 fs (CEP stable) 0.3-1.3 μm 12-300 nm 4-100 ev / 10-1 nj 3-12 nm,100-400 ev / >0.1 nj - - MIR: 3-30 THz, 10-100 μm, 12.4-124 mev / 5-10 μj, 3-300 MV/cm SYLOS > 3 TW / 30 W 1 khz 30 mj < 10 fs (CEP stable) 0.5-1.3 μm 10-1000 ev, 120-1.2 nm, 10 μj - 0.01 nj 1-10 kev, 1.2-12 A / < 0.01 nj - - FIR/THz: 0.3-3 THz, 100 μm-1 mm, 1.24-12.4 mev / 50-500 μj, 10-30 MV/cm ALPS-HF1 ALPS-HF2 > 0.1 PW / 10 W > 0.7 PW / 75 W 10 Hz 1 J < 10 fs 5 Hz 15 J < 20 fs 0.5-1 μm / 0.7-1.3 μm 0.7-0.9 μm 10-1000 ev, 120-1.2 nm, 500 μj - 500 nj 10-1000 ev, 120-1.2 nm, 3 mj - 3 μj 1-10 kev, 1.2-12 A / < 500 nj 1-10 kev, 1.2-12 A / < 3 μj Protons: up to 80 MeV 1 nc 500 MeV, 0.1 nc and 1 GeV, 0.1 nc - - ALPS-HR > 1 TW / 500 W 100 khz 5 mj 5 fs (CEP stable) 0.3-1.3 μm 12-300 nm 4-100 ev / 100-10 nj 3-12 nm,100-400 ev / > 1 nj - - MIR: 3-30 THz, 10-100 μm, 12.4-124 mev / 10-100 μj, 3-300 MV/cm SYLOS > 20 TW / 100 W 1 khz 100 mj < 5 fs (CEP stable) 0.5-1.3 μm 10-1000 ev, 120-1.2 nm, 100 μj - 100 nj 1-10 kev, 1.2-12 A / < 100 nj - 50-100 MeV, 5-10 pc FIR/THz: 0.3-3 THz, 100 μm-1 mm, 1.24-12.4 mev / >1 mj, up to 100 MV/cm ALPS-HF1 > 1 PW / 100 W ALPS-HF2 > 2 PW / 200 W 10 Hz 10 J < 8 fs 5 Hz 40 J < 15 fs 0.5-1 μm / 0.7-1.3 μm 0.7-0.9 μm 10-1000 ev, 120-1.2 nm, 5 mj - 25 μj 10-1000 ev, 120-1.2 nm, 10 mj - 50 μj 1-10 kev, 1.2-12 A / < 25 μj 1-10 kev, 1.2-12 A / < 50 μj Protons: up to 160 MeV 1 nc 2 GeV, 0.2 nc -

Schematics of ELI-ALPS

ELI-ALPS science synergies RA # Research activity (RA) Synergies Secondary sources Laser drivers with RAs 1 Laser R&D 2-8 HR, SYLOS, HF 2 Secondary sources R&D 1, 3-8 GHHG, SHHG, THz, HR, SYLOS, HF Thomson, electron, ion 3 Atto core electron science 1, 2, 4, 5 GHHG, SHHG HR, SYLOS 4 Atto valence electron 1-3 GHHG, SHHG HR, SYLOS science 5 Sub-atomic 4D imaging 1-4 SHHG SYLOS 6 Atto high field science 1, 2, 7, 8 SHHG, Thomson, ion SYLOS, HF 7 THz science 1, 2, 6 THz, ion HR, SYLOS, HF 8 Biomedical & industrial applications 1, 2, 5, 6 SHHG, Thomson, ion HR, SYLOS, HF

Location of ELI-ALPS and a planned Scientific Park ELI-ALPS Planned Science Park

Region of ELI-ALPS: Szeged 163 000 inhabitants 30 000 students (10% forigners) 2600 researchers at - Uni Szeged - Biological Research Center, - Inst. for Cereal Research Confucius Institute in Szeged University of Szeged: World ranking: <500 (!) The highest ranked Uni from underdeveloped regions.

Preparatory phases Preparation Project phase I. Total budget 992 million HUF (cc. 3 M EUR) Non-refundable grant from GOP 1. priority EU funding: 85% Grant contract was signed on April 13, 2011 Preparation Project phase II. Total budget 2.818 billion HUF (cc. 10 M EUR) Non-refundable grant from GOP 1. priority EU funding: 85% Grant contract was signed on January 26, 2012

Major project: two implementation phases Implementation phase I Planned maximum budget: 120 M Non-refundable grant from GOP 1. priority EU funding: 85% Application submission to EU by May, 2013 Major project Implementation phase II Planned maximum budget: 86M Government decision and commitment done EU funding: 85% (expected) Preparatory period: Q2-Q4 2015 Implementation period: 2016-2017

Project Application - completed Scientific and technical designs have been elaborated Building permission design has been done Feasibility study, cost-benefit analysis are just being completed Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is done Preliminary Environmental Assessment (PEIA, screening) is done, no Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is necessary JASPERS: completion note is very positive, issued on 7th March Submitted to the government: on 18th March, 2013 Submission to EC: likely by May, 2013 Once the government approves, ELI-Hu is allowed to start the implementation immediately.

Project Preparation is running.. Site preparation Legal arrangements, asset management & easement rights Initial steps of physical site preparation (ammunition removal, shrub and tree removal, rough landscaping) Archeology, geotechnology and surveying Architecture and building design Conceptual Design delivered by 20 July, 2012 Permission design delivered on 20 September, 2012 Interior design has been completed on 20 November, 2012 Detailed infrastructure design has been completed on 28th February, 2013.

Site map Building A (lasers + target areas): Net area - 6209 m 2 Building B (scientific labs and machinery): Net area - 7936 m 2 Building C (Reception, auditorium): Net area - 7391 m 2 Building D (maintenance, storage): Net area - 2926 m 2 Total 24 462 m 2

LAYOUT Scientific areas Laser hall: 1350 m 2 Target areas: 2100 m 2 Optics labs: 330 m 2 Biology/chemistry/medical labs: 320 m 2 Diagnostics labs: 110 m 2 Mechanical workshops: 530 m 2 Electric / IT workshop: 200 m 2

Scientific Management Preparation and CDR (2012-13) Head: K. Osvay Lasers: M.Kalashnikov (MBI, Berlin) R. Lopez-Martens (LOA, Palaiseau) K. Osvay (ELI-Hu, Univ. Szeged, Szeged) Assistant: Aniko Varga Secondary sources: D. Charalambidis (FORTH, Greece) Zs. Diveki (Imperial College, London) P. Dombi (Wigner RI, Budapest & MPQ, Garching) J. A. Fülöp (Univ. Pécs, Pécs) R. Lopez-Martens (LOA, Palaiseau) E. Racz (Obuda Univ., Budapest) IT and Radio protection: L. J. Fülöp, T. Mosoni K. Bodor, I.Barna, P. Zagyvai

Management Implementation phase (2013-2017)

Conceptual Design Report Status: primary and secondary sources completed measurements completed CO-AUTHORS: G. Almasi, G. Andriukaitis, C.L. Arnold, A. Baltuska, S. Banerjee, M. Baudisch, J. Biegert, A. Borot, A. Börzsönyi, F. Brizuela, F. Calegari, T. E. Cowan, T. Ditmire, K. Ertel, R. Fonseca, L.J. Fülöp, M. Galimberti, E. Gaul, C. Haefner, J. Hebling, J. Hein, M. Hemmer, C. Hernandez-Gomez, Ch. M. Heyl, O. Jäckel, R. Jung, D. Jaroszynski, P. Johnsson, D. Kandula, M. C. Kaluza, M. Kitzler, A.P. Kovacs, I. Kocsis, Á. Kövér, L. Kövér, A. L'Huillier, N. Lopes, V. Malka, Zs. Major, P. Mason, I. Márton, T. Metzger, T. Mosoni, J. Mucsi, I. Musgrave, M. Nisoli, T. Nubbemeyer, Z. Ollmann, L. Pálfalvi, G.G. Paulus, M. Prandolini, A. Pugzlys, F. Quere, G.Sansone, P. Racz, S. Ricz, R. Riedel, I.N. Ross, J.-P. Rosseau, A. Rouzée, P. Rudawski, H. Schönnagel, J. Schreiber, M. Schulz, L.O. Silva, Ch. Spindloe, F. Tavella, A. Thai, M. Tolley, J. Tümmler, P. Tzallas, M. Vrakking, L. Veisz, J. Vieira, I. Will Next version: preparation, diagnostics labs, workshop, facility issues

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