Carbon Footprint Calculator for Royal Society of Arts This Carbon Calculator has been produced for Royal Society of Arts to enable the company to better understand its environmental performance in terms of its CO2 emissions. This spreadsheet demonstrates how the company s carbon footprint has been calculated for the period 01 April 2010-01 April 2011. The Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol is the most widely used international accounting tool for government and business leaders to understand, quantify, and manage greenhouse gas emissions. An essential element of the GHG Protocol are the factors associated with carbon emission outputs. This is divided into 3 distinct areas of analysis: - Scope 1 (Direct emissions - Gas, Other fuel usage on site, Business travel & transport) - Scope 2 (Indirect emissions - Electricity) - Scope 3 (Other Indirect emissions - Primarily Water, Commuter Travel, Materials, Waste) The following emissions have been included in the scope of this calculation: - Scope 1: gas, business travel, refrigerant gases - Scope 2: electricity - Scope 3: water The data used in the spreadsheet is based on publicly available conversion factors and other carbon-related data from the UK and the EU. Further information on which conversion factors have been used are found in the methodology. Start here! Click on any box to complete data SCOPE 1: Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 GAS analysis TRAVEL & Transport analysis REFRIGERANT GASES SCOPE 2: Step 1 ELECTRICITY usage Calculator SCOPE 3: Step 1 WATER analysis RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 1 Printed 26/10/2011
Carbon Footprint Calculator for Royal Society of Arts Methodology This methodology explains how each emissions scope has been calculated in order to give the calculation transparency. Publicly available conversion factors from 2011 Guidelines to Defra / DECC's GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting (v. 1.2, updated 19/08/11) have been used throughout the calculation and are referred to in the methodologies below. Gas: The average conversion factor from Annex 1, Table 1c was used. Natural gas consumption figures quoted in kwh by suppliers in the UK are generally calculated (from the volume of gas used) on a Gross Calorific Value (GCV) basis rather than a Net Calorific Value (NCV) basis, hence why Table 1c has been used rather than Table 1d. Transport and travel: Data for travel and transport is obtained from the relevant tables in Annex 6: - Data for Green Tomatoes Toyota Prius taxis is obtained from Table 6d - Data for Swiss Cottage taxis is obtained from Table 6k - this is calculated using total vehicle miles. - Data on public transport t (national rail, London Underground d etc.) is obtained from Table 6k. The following assumptions and estimations have been made where data provided d is not specific enough to enable an accurate calculation: - Journeys involving travel on the London Underground have been estimated at an average of 5 miles - Assumptions have also been made as to the London station for journeys where the train could depart from more than one station - Data on flights is obtained from Table 6l. Refrigerant gases: Fugitive missions from refrigerant gases are expressed in terms of kg of CO2 equivalent (written as CO2e), which is the universal unit of measurement that allows the global warming potential of different greenhouse gases (GHGs) to be compared. This calculation has used Method A: Screening Method as set out in Annex 8 to estimate emissions from refrigeration and air conditioning based on the type of equipment used and emissions factors. This approach requires relatively little actual data collection but it is important to note that there is a high degree of uncertainty with these emission factors. There is at present no GWP conversion factor for R417A, therefore an average has been calculated from the three gases which make up the blend: R134a, R125 and R600. Electricity: The average conversion factor from Defra/DECC s Annex 3, Table 3c was used. This table contains emission factors per kwh consumed i.e. electricity coming off the grid for the final consumer, including transmission/distribution losses, and is deemed to be the most suitable for the calculation. Water: Like refrigerant gases, emissions for water use are expressed in terms of CO2e. Annex 9, Table 9a sets out lifecycle conversion factors for emissions associated with the supply and treatment of water and the organisation s buildings and transport. This calculation is based on water consumption only. RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 2 Printed 26/10/2011
Carbon Footprint Calculator for Royal Society of Arts Recommendations Following the calculation for the footprinting year (April 2010 - April 2011), a number of recommendations have been made to simplify the data collation for future calculations. 1). The majority of water meter readings and approximately half of the electricity meter readings were based on estimates, and it is recommended that actual meter readings are taken on a regular basis to ensure more accurate calculations in the future. This may also highlight any inaccuracies with bills and ensures that RSA are only paying for the actual energy and water they are using. 2). A more accurate calculation on CO2e from fugitive emissions from refrigerant equipment can be carried out using Method B: Simplified Material Balance Method. This requires much more information to be obtained, such as the amount of refrigerant used to top up equipment during servicing, but is recommended for larger users of refrigerant or those who expect emissions from refrigerant leakage to be significant. Given the number of refrigerant units the RSA has, use of this method in the future should be considered. 3). By far the largest carbon emissions are attached to the use of energy within the RSA headquarters. As such, the organisation should focus primarily on improvements within the building if they are looking at reducing emissions and related costs. Ecus can provide building appraisals and renewable energy feasibility studies to look into improvements and alterations. RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 3 Printed 26/10/2011
GAS Usage Calculations How do you want to enter your data? Meter readings N Y/N - change this box only kwh Y Date / Month kwh Gas used April to May 2010 29,685.60 1 2 May to June 2010 25,575.00 Total kwh Used Total kwh Used June to July 2010 15,852.00 420,154.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 July to August 2010 14,181.10 To override the inputs - change these total values August to September 2010 14,023.00 September to October 2010 15,063.50 Conversion factor - kwh to kg CO2 October to November 2010 23,578.40 0.18322 November to December 2010 43,670.60 December to January 2011 83,448.80 kg CO2 generated kg CO2 generated January to February 2011 56,918.60 76,980.62 kg CO2 0.00 kg CO2 February to March 2011 49,509.10 76,980.62 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 March to April 2011 48,648.30 April to May 2011 May to June 2011 June to July 2011 July to August 2011 August to September 2011 September to October 2011 October to November 2011 November to December 2011 December to January 2012 January to February 2012 February to March 2012 March to April 2012 RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 4 Printed 26/10/2011
TRAVEL & TRANSPORT How do you want to enter your data? Miles travelled Y Y/N - change this box only Litres of fuel used N CARS 1 2 Type of travel Classification Conversion factor - miles travelled Miles travelled per year kg CO2 Miles travelled per year kg CO2 1 Green Tomatoes taxis Car fuel - AVERAGE Hybrid Car 0.32721 1,233.70 403.68 2 Swiss Cottage taxis Taxi - regular (vkm) 0.38877 2,606.00 1,013.13 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 TOTAL 3,839.70 1,416.81 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 How do you want to enter your data? Miles travelled Y Y/N - change this box only Litres of fuel used N PUBLIC TRANSPORT 1 2 Type of travel Classification Conversion factor - miles travelled Miles travelled per year kg CO2 Miles travelled per year kg CO2 1 Train National Rail 0.08594 80,880.80 6,950.81 2 Underground London Underground 0.11769 35.00 4.12 3 Air travel Domestic - AVERAGE 0.28616 2,044.80 585.14 4 Air travel Shorthaul - Economy 0.16030 7,060.60 1,131.80 5 Air travel Longhaul - Economy 0.14133 11,970.20 1,691.80 6 Air travel Longhaul - Premium economy 0.22613 6,927.20 1,566.46 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 TOTAL 108,918.60 11,930.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 5 Printed 26/10/2011
REFRIGERANT GASES Emissions from operation of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment Time used during footprinting year (yrs) Type of equipment Number of units Refrigerant type Refrigerant charge kg GWP Annual leakage rate Total CO2e kg VERSATEMP 5 R22 0.761 1810 0.3% 1 20.66 VERSATEMP 2 R417A 0.761 1368 0.3% 1 6.25 VERSATEMP 3 R417A 0.637 1368 0.3% 1 7.84 VERSATEMP 15 R22 0.637 1810 0.3% 1 51.88 VERSATEMP 8 R22 0.794 1810 0.3% 1 34.49 VERSATEMP 3 R22 0.474 1810 0.3% 1 7.72 VERSATEMP 1 R22 0.430 1810 0.3% 1 2.33 VERSATEMP 1 R22 0.460 1810 0.3% 1 2.50 VERSATEMP 5 R407C 0.460 1525.5 0.3% 1 10.53 VERSATEMP 4 R407C 0.540 1525.5 0.3% 1 9.89 VERSATEMP 3 R407C 0.794 1525.5 0.3% 1 10.90 PACKAGE TYPE AIR 2 R22 6 CONDITIONING UNIT 1810 8.5% 1 1846.20 SINGLE SPLIT TYPE AIR 1 R407C 2.8 CONDITIONING UNIT 1525.5 8.5% 1 363.07 TWIN SPLIT TYPE AIR 1 R410A 0.430 CONDITIONING 1725 8.5% 1 63.05 SPLIT TYPE AIR 1 R407C 2.3 CONDITIONING 1525.5 8.5% 1 298.24 SPLIT TYPE AIR 1 R22 2.5 CONDITIONING 1810 8.5% 1 384.63 WATER COOLED CHIILER 1 R407C 6.5 1525.5 3.0% 1 297.47 HIROSS 1 R22 6 1810 8.5% 1 923.10 HIROSS 2 R22 6.4 1810 8.5% 1 1969.28 HIROSS 1 R407C 6 1525.5 8.5% 0.7 544.60 V.R.V. AIR CONDITIONING 1 R407C 13.1 1525.5 8.5% 1 1698.64 V.R.V. AIR CONDITIONING 1 R407C 15.3 1525.5 8.5% 1 1983.91 VRF 1 R410A 5 1725 8.5% 0.75 549.84 CHILLER 1 R22 8 1810 3.0% 1 434.40 MITSUBISHI 1 R410A 5 1725 8.5% 0.75 549.84 FUJITSU 1 R410A 5.5 1725 8.5% 0.5 403.22 Sub-total 12474.49 Emissions from installation of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment Installation emission factor Type of equipment Number of units Refrigerant type Refrigerant charge kg GWP VERSATEMP 1 R407C 0.540 1525.5 1.0% HIROSS 1 R407C 6 1525.5 1.0% VRF 1 R410A 5 1725 1.0% MITSUBISHI 1 R410A 5 1725 1.0% FUJITSU 1 R410A 5.5 1725 1.0% Total CO2e kg 8.2377 91.53 86.25 86.25 94.875 Sub-total 367.14 Emissions from disposal of refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment Capacity remaining at Refrigerant recovered (%) Type of equipment Number of units Refrigerant type Refrigerant charge kg disposal (%) GWP Total CO2e kg 1IMI 2 R407C 4 488.16 80% 95% 1525.5 VERSATEMP 1 R407C 1 80% 99% 1525.5 6.59 HIROSS 1 R407C 6 80% 95% 1525.5 366.12 Sub-total 860.87 RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 6 Printed 26/10/2011
Electricity Usage Calculations How do you want to enter your data? Meter readings N Y/N - change this box only kwh Y Date / Month kwh Electricity used April to May 2010 61,339.00 1 2 May to June 2010 31,298.00 Total kwh Used Total kwh Used June to July 2010 70,348.00 788,370.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 July to August 2010 75,077.00 To override the inputs - change these total values August to September 2010 63,771.00 September to October 2010 67,316.67 Conversion factor - kwh to kg CO2 October to November 2010 66,092.67 0.48152 November to December 2010 71,391.67 December to January 2011 69,417.00 kg CO2 generated kg CO2 generated January to February 2011 66,610.00 379,615.93 kg CO2 0.00 kg CO2 February to March 2011 75,292.00 379615.93 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 March to April 2011 70,417.00 April to May 2011 May to June 2011 June to July 2011 July to August 2011 August to September 2011 September to October 2011 October to November 2011 November to December 2011 December to January 2012 January to February 2012 February to March 2012 March to April 2012 RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 7 Printed 26/10/2011
WATER How do you want to enter your data? Litres N Y/N - change this box only Cubic metres (m3) Y Water used in m3 Total annual water consumption 3,832.00 Cubic metres 1 2 Water used in m3 Cubic metres Conversion factor - m3 to kgco2 0.34000 kg CO2 generated kg CO2 generated Total CO2 generated 1,302.88 kg CO2 0.00 kg CO2 1302.88 0 0 0 0 RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 8 Printed 26/10/2011
RESULTS CALCULATOR SCOPE 1 GAS TRAVEL & TRANSPORT REFRIGERANT GASES Total kwh Used CO2 Generated Miles travelled per year CO2 Generated CO2e Generated YEAR 1 420,154 76,981 112,758 13,347 13,703 YEAR 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 year TOTAL 420,154 76,981 112,758 13,347 0 13,703 TOTAL CO2e SCOPE 2 ELECTRICITY Total kwh Used CO2 Generated 484,949 kg CO2e YEAR 1 788,370 379,616 0 kg CO2e YEAR 2 0 0 0 kg CO2e 0 0 0 kg CO2e 0 0 0 kg CO2e 0 0 484,949 2 year TOTAL 788,370 379,616 SCOPE 3 WATER Water used in m3 CO2e Generated YEAR 1 3,832 1,303 YEAR 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 year TOTAL 3,832 1,303 Summary table kg CO2e generated 1 2 3 Gas 76,981 0 0 0 0 Travel & Transport 13,347 0 0 0 0 Refrigerant gases 13,703 0 0 0 0 Electricity 379,616 0 0 0 0 Water 1,303 0 0 0 0 TOTAL 484,949 0 0 0 0 RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 9 Printed 26/10/2011
1 500,000 450,000 400,000 350,000 kg CO2 Generated 300,000 250,000 200,000000 1 150,000 100,000000 50,000 0 RSA Carbon footprint calculator Page 10 Printed 26/10/2011