NEGOCIATIONS COMMERCIALES MULTILATERALES RESTRICTED MTN.GNS/W/113/Rev.l 25 mars 1991 NEGOCIATIONS D'URUGUAY Distribution spéciale Groupe de négociation sur les services Original: anglais COMMUNICATION DU JAPON Offre conditionnelle du Japon concernant les engagements initiaux Révision Conditions et restrictions générales relatives à l'offre volontaire du Japon La communication ci-après est distribuée à la demande de la délégation du Japon. 1. Le Japon présente une version révisée (voir la liste ci-jointe*) de l'offre volontaire qu'il a faite au titre de l'accord général sur le commerce des services. Il se réserve le droit de modifier, d'élargir ou de réduire cette offre à tout moment avant la clôture des négociations sur les engagements initiaux, en fonction du texte final de l'accord sur les services et de ses annexes. Le contenu de l'offre sera confirmé si les partenaires dans les négociations se montrent disposés à faire des offres équivalentes et mutuellement acceptables. Le classement par catégories de chaque secteur et sous-secteur de la liste ci-jointe est également provisoire. Le Japon se réserve en outre le droit d'apporter des modifications d'ordre technique à son offre. 2. L'acquisition de droits fonciers par des personnes physiques ou morales étrangères pourra, par décret, être prohibée ou assujettie à des conditions ou restrictions, dans les districts qui sont obligatoirement affectés à la défense nationale (Loi relative au régime foncier applicable aux étrangers). 3. Les indications figurant dans les sections concernant l'accès aux marchés et le traitement national se réfèrent aux restrictions à la fourniture de services étrangers qui ne sont pas conformes à l'accord-cadre et à son annexe sectorielle, ou à des restrictions quantitatives. Certaines prescriptions non discriminatoires existantes, telles que celles qui ont trait à des considérations prudentielles ou à la compétence professionnelle n'ont pas été énumérées comme des limitations, conditions ou restrictions relatives à l'accès aux marchés ou au traitement national. Les définitions des termes utilisés dans les listes sont les suivantes : * Anglais seulement SECRETARIAT DU GATT UR-91-0024
Page 2 1) No restrictions Aucune restriction n'est actuellement (Aucune restriction): appliquée et il n'est pas prévu d'en introduire à l'avenir. 2) Standstill Certaines restrictions sont actuel- (Statu quo): lement appliquées mais elles ne devraient pas être renforcées à l'avenir d'une manière propre à aggraver leur incompatibilité avec les prescriptions énoncées dans l'accordcadre et son annexe sectorielle. 3) Rollback and Standstill Certaines restrictions ont été (Démantèlement et assouplies depuis septembre 1986 ou le statu quo): seront à partir de maintenant, et il n'est pas prévu d'introduire de nouvelles restrictions à l'avenir. 4) Not Applicable Le mode de livraison du service (Sans objet): indiqué n'est pas utilisable dans la pratique. 4. Le terme "" (Non consolidé) dans les sections concernant le mouvement de personnel signifie que les restrictions prévues par la Loi sur le contrôle de l'immigration et la reconnaissance du statut de réfugié ne sont pas consolidées, mais qu'il n'existe aucune restriction ("No restrictions") au titre des autres lois et règlements pertinents, sauf indication contraire dans les notes figurant sous les colonnes. 5. Les conditions et restrictions spéciales relatives à l'offre volontaire dans le secteur des services financiers sont les suivantes: 1) La liste est basée sur le projet de texte de l'accord général sur le commerce des services du 26 novembre 1990, modifié par le projet d'annexé relative aux services financiers reproduit dans le document MTN.TNC/W/50 du 3 décembre 1990. 2) Pour que l'accord-cadre couvre les services financiers, il est indispensable que le texte final de cet accord et de l'annexe relative aux services financiers tienne compte des spécificités de ce secteur. L'offre volontaire du Japon ne préjuge en rien de sa position quant au champ d'application de l'accord général sur le commerce des services. Par conséquent, le Japon se réserve le droit de retirer son offre au vu de l'issue des négociations en cours sur l'accord-cadre et l'annexe relative aux services financiers. Note additionnelle Dans la liste ci-jointe, les mesures concernant l'entrée des fournisseurs de services financiers figurent dans la rubrique "Limitations and conditions on market access" (Limitations et conditions relatives à l'accès aux marchés), et celles qui sont applicables après l'entrée dans la rubrique "Limitations and conditions on national treatment" (Limitations et conditions relatives au traitement national).
Page 3 Professional Services " ^e l Delîvery Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Advertising Personnel Professional Services Not Applicable Not Applicable Agricultural, Forestry and Fishery Services Standstill Standstill
MTN.GNS/ /113/Rev.1 Page 4 Professional Services Mode of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Architectural Services Professional Services Certified Public Accountant Services Personnel "Note: In order to operate as a Certified Public Accountant in Japan, it is necessary, regardless whether the operation is through a commercial establishment located in Japan or not, to obtain a Japanese qualification for a Certified Public Accountant, requirements for which involve no discrimination between Japanese and non-japanese.
Page 5 BUSINESS SERVICES Professional Services Certified Tax Accountant Services Personnel *Note: In order to operate as a Certified Tax Accountant in Japan, it is necessary to obtain a Japanese qualification for a Certified Tax Accountant, requirements for which involve no discrimination between Japanese and non-japanese. Professional Services Civil Engineering Consulting Services
Page 6 Not Applicable Not Applicable Cleaning of Buildings and Similar Activities Professional Services " od? of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Not Applicable Not Applicable Customs Agents
Page 7 Professional Services Engineering (except Civil Engineering Consulting Services) Information Services (except Software Services)
Page 8 Professional Services Legal Services Note: Qualifications and requirements for Gaikoku-hou Jimu Bengoshi (foreign lawyer) are stipulated under the Special Measures Law concerning the Handling of Legal Business by Foreign Lawyers. Professional Services Library and Archives Services
Page 9 Professional Services Mode of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Photographie Services Commerc i a 1 Personnel Publishing
Page 10 Professional Services JelUry Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment R and D, Laboratories Testing and Certification Standstill Standstill Software Services
Page 11 Professional Services ross-border Surveying (Land) Translation Services
Page 12 Professional Services Mode of Limitations and Conditions Conditions and qualifications Travel Agents and Tour Operators Waste Disposal and Processing
MTN.GNS/W/113/Rev.1 Page 13 2. COMMUNICATION SERVICES Film Distribution Movie Industry 2. COMMUNICATION SERVICES Film Distribution Not Applicable Not Applicable Movie Theatre
Page 14 2. COMMUNICATION SERVICES Telecommunications Mode of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Standstill Standstill Type II Telecommunications Business Not Applicable Standstill Not Applicable Standstill Note: 1. "Type II Telecommunications Business" is any other telecommunications business than Type I telecommunications business: "Type I telecommunications business" shall be that business which provides telecommunications service by establishing telecommunications circuit facilities, which mean transmission line facilities connecting transmitting points with receiving points, switching facilities installed as inseparable units therefrom, and other facilities accesssory to such facilities. "Telecommunications business" means business to provide a telecommunications service in order to meet the demand of others (excluding business related to wire radio broadcasting, wire broadcast telephone service, wire television broadcasting service, and the acceptance of applications for the use of the cable television broadcasting facility). 2. Market access is allowed subject to the conditions on access to and use of the services provided by Type I telecommunications business.
Page 15 3. CONSTRUCTION SERVICES Mode of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Construction Services Personnel 4. DISTRIBUTION SERVICES Distribution Standstill
Page 16 5. EDUCATION SERVICES Education Services 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES Banking Standstill In order to engage in banking business in Japan, foreign banks are required to establish their subsidiaries and/or branches and obtain a licence from the Minister of Finance under the Banking Law. The licence requirement, however, is not a measure discriminatory against foreign banks. 2 There is a reciprocity requirement applied for the foreign banks wishing to establish their subsidiaries and/or branches in Japan (Banking Law Article 4-3). But the Ministry of Finance in principle welcomes foreign banks to enter into Japan, with a view that such entrance leads to further development and internationalization of the Japanese financial markets and financial system as a whole. Therefore, this reciprocity provision has been applied only to the very limited cases where the home country of the applicant did not accept any Japanese bank's entrance at all.
Page 17 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES Financial Futures Business In order to engage in financial futures business in Japan, firms are required to obtain permission from the Minister of Finance under the Financial Futures Trading Law. FINANCIAL SERVICES (Notes (1), (2)) (Notes (1). (2)) Foreign Exchange Services (Notes (2)) (Notes (2)) Personnel Notes: (1) At present, the definition for the "Cross-Border " seems uncertain. Therefore, we put [] in both "Market Access" and "National Treatment" sections. (2) (i) Foreign firms may engage in foreign exchange business in Japan on the condition that they obtain approval from the Finance Minister for each of their subsidiaries or branches established in Japan. The approval requirement is not discriminating foreign firms from Japanese ones. (ii) Direct transactions between Japanese residents and non-residents (which have no establishments in Japan) may subject to approval or notification procedures to the Finance Minister. (iii) National Treatment is afforded to those foreign firms which have obtained the Finance Minister's approvals for their establishments in Japan.
Page 18 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES l9\ /«\ Standstill^ '~ K ' Standstill (2)_(4) Investment Management Business (2)-(4) (2)-(4) Notes: (1) [Investment Management Business] refers to securities investment management business. (2) Any foreign investment adviser which wishes to engage in discretionary investment management business in Japan needs to obtain the Finance Minister's licence, which requires, among others, that such investment adviser have a place of business in Japan. However, in order to engage in simple investment advisory business, it is not required to have a place of business in Japan. (3) The same licence requirement is applied to both domestic and foreign investment advisers. (Domestic investment advisers are also required to obtain the Finance Minister's licence in order to engage in discretionary investment management business in Japan.) (4) National treatment is afforded to those foreign investment advisers which have obtained the Finance Minister's licence.
Page 19 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES - Standstill (2)-(5) Standstill (2)_(5) Investment Trust Business (2)-(4) (2)-(4) Notes: (1) [Investment Trust Business] refers to securities investment trust business. (2) Any foreign company which wishes to engage in securities investment trust management business in Japan needs to obtain the Finance Minister's licence, which requires, among others, that such a foreigner has to establish a joint stock company in Japan. (3) The same licence requirement is applied to both domestic and foreign companies. (Domestic companies are also required to obtain the Finance Minister's licence in order to engage in securities investment trust management business in Japan.) (4) National treatment is afforded to those foreign investment trust management companies which have obtained the Finance Minister's licence. (5) Public offering of foreign investment trust fund shares which have been set up in the member countries of the OECD has been permitted since 1972. (Private offering of foreign investment trust fund shares is permitted regardless of their country of set-up.)
Page 20 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES Mode of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Leasing (non-transport) 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES Mode of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment (D&(2) (D&(2) Life Insurance (3) (3) (1) In oder to engage in insurance business in Japan, one shall obtain a licence from the Minister of Finance. The licence requirement, however, is not a measure discriminatory against foreign insurers. (2) No foreign insurer shall conclude any insurance contract upon persons resident of or properties located within Japan, or ships or aircraft of Japanese nationality without establishing its branch offices, etc. in Japan. (Law concerning Foreign Insurers Article 3-3.) (3) Persons who seek to apply to a foreign insurer not having its branch offices, etc. in Japan for insurance contracts upon persons resident of or properties located within Japan, or ships or aircraft of Japanese nationality shall, before making such application, obtain permission from the Minister of Finance. (Ibid. Article 3-4)
Page 21 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES (1) (1) Loan Business (1) Any person who proposes to engage in loan business in Japan is required to establish an office and be registered as a money lender by the Minister of Finance or the prefectural governor. 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES nufcm um J (1)&(2) Non-life Insurance (3) (3) (1) In order to engage in insurance business in Japan, one shall obtain a licence from the Minister of Finance. The licence requirement, however, is not a measure discriminatory against foreign insurers. (2) No foreign insurer shall conclude any insurance contract upon persons resident of or properties located within Japan, or ships or aircraft of Japanese nationality without establishing its branch offices, etc. in Japan. (Law concerning Foreign Insurers Article 3-3.) (3) Persons who seek to apply to a foreign insurer not having its branch offices, etc. in Japan for insurance contracts upon persons resident of or properties located within Japan, or ships or aircraft of Japanese nationality shall, before making such application, obtain permission from the Minister of Finance. (Ibid. Article 3-4)
Page 22 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES Reinsurance and Retrocession 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES Mode of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Sales Credit
* # 6. FINANCIAL SERVICES Mode of Limitations and Conditions on Market Access Conditions and Qualifications on National Treatment Additional Measures to Achieve Market Access Securities Business Commerc i a 1 Rollback anck,.\ Standstill 11 '" 14 ' ^"^ Rollback anck, \ Standstill 11 '" 1 *' ^ '"^' The prohibition on cross-border trading between foreign securities firms which have not obtained Finance Minister's licences for their branches and Japanese resident non-institutional investors is lifted as of 26 November 1990 from those transactions where foreign firms do not make any kind of solicitation on their opposite party non-institutional investors. Personnel Notes: (1) Foreign securities firms may engage in securities business in Japan on the condition that they obtain Finance Minister's licences for their branches established in Japan. (2) Foreign securities firms which have not established such licensed branches in Japan are forbidden to make securities transactions with Japanese residents except for those transactions where: (i) institutional investors are the opposite parties of such securities transactions; or (ii) those foreign firms do not make any kind of solicitation on the opposite party non-institutional investors. (3) The licence requirement is not discriminating toward foreign securities firms, because domestic securities firms are also required to obtain Finance Minister's licences in order to engage in securities business in Japan. (4) National treatment is afforded to those foreign securities firms which have obtained Finance Minister's licences for their branches in Japan. P OQ H Z a» a to z <
MTN.GNS/W/113/Rev.1 Page 24 HEALTH RELATED SERVICES Not Applicable Not Applicable Human Health Services (Including Nursing Services) 7. HEALTH RELATED SERVICES Not Applicable Not Applicable Veterinary Services
Page 25 8. HOTELS AND RESTAURANTS tross-border Not Applicable Not Applicable Hotels and Restaurants 9. PERSONAL SERVICES (not included elsewhere) Not Applicable Not Applicable Personal Care Services (including Day-care) (except Nursing Services)
Page 26 10. RECREATIONAL AND CULTURAL SERVICES Recreational and Cultural Services