MONOGRAPH RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND THE ROLE OF POLICY, TOURISM AND HUMAN CAPITAL SCIENTIFIC EDITORS Piotr Börawski Agnieszka Brelik Bazyli Czyzewski W OSTROtqCE Wydawnictwo Wyzszej Szkoly Ekonomiczno-Spotecznej w Ostrol^ce Ostrol^ka 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS MAIN ABBREVIATION 9 INTRODUCTION 11 PART I POLICY AND DETERMINANTS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT INRURALAREAS 1. DEVELOPING A MODEL OF SUSTAINABLY-COMPETITIVE AGRICULTURE (Gordon Purvis, LiamDowney, Theodore R Alter) 15 1.1. Introduction 15 1.2. The Concept of Sustainable Competitiveness 16 1.3. A Biological Model 18 1.4. Knowledge Management 18 1.5. New Opportunities at the European Level 21 1.6. Educational Needs 21 1.7. Summary Conclusions 23 2. INNOVATION NETWORK OF RURAL TOURISM AS AN OPPORTUNITY FORTHE COMMERCIALISATION OF TOURIST SERVICES IN RURAL AREAS (Zuchowski Ireneusz, Agnieszka Brelik, Bogusz Malgorzata) 25 2.1. Introduction 25 2.2. Rural Tourism as a Component of the National Tourism 26 2.3. Network Product of Rural Tourism 27 2.4. Purpose and Methods of Construction of a Network of Rural Tourism 29 2.5. Conclusion 29 3. AMBIENT IMPACT OF INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF AGROTOURISM FARMS (Malgorzata Bogusz, Agnieszka Brelik, Ireneusz Zuchowski) 31 3.1. Introduction 31 3.2. Purpose, Scope and Methodology of Research 32
6 Table of Contents 3.3. The Institutional Environment - Characteristics 3.4. Results 3.5. Summary 4. ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF NATURAL VALUES ON DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS OF ZACHODNIOPOMORSKIE VOIVODESHIP (Magdalena Obuchowicz, Rafat Obuchowicz) 44 4.1. Introduction 44 4.2. Objective and Methods 47 4.3. Results 49 4.4. Conclusions 52 5. INFLUENCE OF SELECTED ECONOMIC FACTORS ON DEVELOPMENT OF TOURIST ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT REGIONS OF POLAND (Magdalena Obuchowicz, Rafal Obuchowicz) 55 5.1. Introduction 55 5.2. Objective and Method 58 5.3. Results 61 5.4. Conclusions 63 PART II THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN AGRIBUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 6. STATUS OF HUMAN CAPITAL, ITS ROLE IN INNOVATION AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR STRENGTHENING THE ENTERPRISES OF THE FOOD INDUSTRY IN THE YEARS 2007-2011 (Krzysztof Firlej) 67 6.1. Introduction 67 6.2. Aim and Methods of the Study 68 6.3. Results 6.4. The Role of Human Capital in the Innovation of Enterprises of the Food Industry in the Years 2007-2011 71 6.5. Summary and Conclusions 74
Table of Contents 7 7. HUMAN CAPITAL IN POLISH AGRICULTURE IN THE BACKGROUND OF EUROPEAN UNION (Aneta Beldycka-Börawska, Elzbieta Jadwiga Szymanska)...75 7.1. Introduction 75 7.2. Aim and Methodology 76 7.3. Definition and Structure of Human Capital in Economic Theory 76 7.4. Methods of Human Capital Measurement 79 7.5. Rural Population in Poland and Other Countries of European Union 80 7.6. Chosen Characteristics of Human Capital in Polish Agriculture 82 7.7. Conclusions 84 8. OPTIMAL HEDGING WITH CUMULATIVE PROSPECT THEORY CONCERNING PEOPLE BEHAVIOUR (Jonathan Tuthill) 86 8.1. Introduction 86 8.2. Valuation Functions 86 8.3. Probability Weighting 88 8.4. Hedging Model 89 8.5. Data 90 8.6. Results 91 8.7. Power Valuation Functions 91 8.8. Power Weighting Function - Futures Only Results 92 8.9. Power Weighting Function - Futures and Options Results 98 8.10.S Shaped Weighting Functions 102 8.11.S Shaped Weighting Function - Futures Only Results 103 8.12.S Shaped Weighting Function - Futures and Options Results 104 8.13.Conclusion 106 9. NEW AND BEGINNING DAIRY FARMERS: A CASE STUDY APPROACH (James W. Dunn, Andrew Martin) 108 9.1. Introduction 108 9.2. Family ssues 110 9.3. When to Start 111 9.4. BuyingCows 112
g Table of Contents 9.5. Debt Management ^ 9.6 Otherlssues ^ 9.7. Conclusions 10. EVALUATION OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN DAIRY FARM OWNERS ACCORDING TO THE LEVEL OF EDUCATION (Piotr Börawski, James W Dunn).115 10.1. Theoretical Consideration About Human Capital 115 10.2. Changes in Polish Countryside 117 10.3. Objective and Methods 118 10.4. Methods of Human Capital Measurement 119 10.5. Synthetic Quality and Financial Measure 121 10.6. Conclusions 122 11. "EUROPE 2020" STRATEGY BASED ON HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT (Pawel Niewiadomski) 124 11.1 Introduction 124 11.2. Seven Flagship Initiatives in Frame of "Europe 2020" Strategy 125 11.3. Main Priorities of "Europe 2020" Strategy 126 11.4. Smart Growth - an Economy Based on Knowledge and Innovation 127 11.4.1. Flagship Initiative: "Innovation Union" 128 11.4.2. Flagship Initiative: Youth on the Move" 129 11.4.3. Flagship Initiative: A Digital Agenda for Europe" 130 11.5. Inclusive Growth - a High-Employment Economy Delivering Economic, Social and Territorial Cohesion 131 115.1. Flagship Initiative: An Agenda for New Skills and Jobs" 132 11.5.2. Flagship Initiative: European Platform against Poverty" 133 11.6. Human Capital Development in Frame of National Development Strategy 2020..134 H.6.1. Increasing Labor Force Participation 135 11.6.2. Improvement of Human Capital 136 11.6.3. Increasing Labor Mobility and Spatial Mobility 139