Impact of Connected Automated Vehicles on Traffic Management Centers (TMCs) Automated Vehicles Symposium 2015 Breakout Session Impact of Connected and Automated Vehicles on Traffic Management Systems and Operational Strategies July 22, 2015 Matt Burt John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Technology Innovation and Policy Division
Organization of the Presentation Some Quick Basics CVs and CV Data Traffic Management Center and Current Data Sources Potential Uses of CAV Data Challenges and Questions Questions to Guide the Discussion Session
Connected Vehicles Enable safe, interoperable networked wireless communications among: Vehicles, The infrastructure, and Passengers personal communications devices Applications provide connectivity between vehicles to: Enable crash prevention infrastructure to enable safety, mobility and environmental benefits infrastructure and wireless devices to provide real-time connectivity Source: USDOT Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office; Connected Vehicle Frequently Asked Questions. Accessed July 21, 2015. http://www.its.dot.gov/connected_vehicle/connected_vehicles_faqs.htm
Connected Vehicle Data Basic Safety Message Part 1: core data elements, transmitted at a rate of ~10 times per second, including: vehicle position Heading Speed Acceleration steering wheel angle Part 2: a variable set of data elements, mostly optional as defined by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) J2735 standard, transmitted less frequently, such as: Airbag deployment Ambient air temperature Wiper status Source: USDOT Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office; Vehicle Information Exchange Needs for Mobility Applications, Version 3.0. April 15, 2013. http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/51000/51000/51066/998887f3.pdf
TMC Functions Manage traffic flow, coordinate responses to traffic situations & incidents to make better use of the surface transportation system & mitigate impacts on congestion: Collect, process and data Synthesize to produce "information Distribute data and information Initiate control strategies Typical functions: Active Traffic Management Integrated Corridor Management Managed Lanes Traffic Incident Management Performance Data, Monitoring and Management Detection and Surveillance Traffic Control Devices (e.g., signals)
Typical TMC Real-Time Data Sources Video feeds from surveillance cameras Speed data from infrastructure detectors and/or probes Toll tag data Traffic signal timing data Road weather and weather forecast data Incident data from 911 or computer-aided dispatch systems
Potential TMC Uses of CAV Data Potential Uses Examples Expand geographic coverage of detection/sensing Arterial streets Intercity/rural Road weather data gaps Reduce cost of collecting comparable data Replace or reduce the number of current vehicle detectors Provide new data bringing additional modes/travelers more meaningfully into transportation management strategies and collision avoidance Data on pedestrians, cyclists, transit riders
Potential TMC Uses of CAV Data (cont.) Potential Uses Examples Support improved or new algorithms to better detect and predict conditions and develop and evaluate response strategies Application of high performance computing and advanced data analytic techniques Dissemination of targeted, vehicle/travelerspecific information Transmit advisories and other information directly to individual vehicles Reduce the cost of providing traveler information Replace or reduce the number of current changeable message signs Enable performance-based operations More and better data to support the on-going assessment of the effectiveness of investments and strategies
Example Challenges and Questions with Obtaining and Utilizing CAV Data Challenges Example Questions What s the value Which data, under what conditions is, of value? proposition? What are the Concepts of Operation associated with uses? When and how is CAV data a better investment than alternatives (e.g., more infrastructure-based detection, purchasing probe data, etc.)? How to capture data? How to incentivize data generation/sharing? Value of mobile device, crowdsourced traveler, and/or infrastructure asset (e.g., Internet of Things) data? What data elements, message formats? How to transmit data to where it can be used? How to ensure privacy and security? How much data, and how much batching or bundling, if any? Best use of available communications media? Frequency of data transmission? Bandwidth congestion? Communications protocols? How to anonymize data? How to protect against malicious uses?
Example Challenges and Questions with Obtaining and Utilizing CAV Data, cont. Challenges How to integrate and share data? How to convert data into actionable information? How to advance incrementally, building on legacy systems and organizational capability? Example Questions What infrastructure and strategies, and who builds and operates? At what geographic scale (agency, metropolitan area, statewide, national)? Which data to make open and how? How to apply high performance computing and advanced data analytics? What are the workforce and infrastructure needs and how best to meet them (in-house, contracted)? What series of investments bring the best bang for the buck? How to fund the investments? How to share data, guidance and other products to best enable implementers?
Questions for the Discussion Session Are there other important uses of CAV data for TMCs? Are there other important challenges or questions (research needs)? Can we identify possible projects to address research needs? Information to support the subsequent development of several project ideas to propose to the TMC Pooled Fund Study, the Cooperative Transportation Systems Pooled Fund Study, AASHTO and/or other stakeholder groups
Slides for Recording Comments During Discussion Session
Uses of CAV Data for TMCs?
Uses of CAV Data for TMCs (cont.)?
Research Needs What are the Challenges & Questions With Obtaining & Using Data?
Research Needs What are the Challenges & Questions With Obtaining & Using Data? (Cont.)
Research Projects to Address Specific Challenges & Questions to Use Data?
Research Projects to Address Specific Challenges & Questions to Use Data?