Pediatric Board Study Guide

Pediatric Board Study Guide

Editor Pediatric Board Study Guide A Last Minute Review

Editor Department of Pediatrics Paul L Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech, University Health Sciences Center El Paso Texas USA ISBN 978-3-319-10114-9 ISBN 978-3-319-10115-6 (ebook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-10115-6 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2014957480 Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

To my father, and my mother who supported me in the most critical times in my life. To my precious daughter Ayah, whose smiles and laughter constantly provide me unparalleled joy and happiness. This book would not have been possible without the support of my very loving and understanding wife. I owe my deepest gratitude to all the contributors and experts who make this great pediatric resource possible and alive.

Foreword Pediatric Board Study Guide: A Last Minute Review is designed for pediatricians who are preparing for the pediatric board examination, as an excellent guide for residents taking the in-service exam during training, or as assistance in preparing for rotations. It is an easy and fast source of much basic information and many clinical facts. The book provides the core material needed to pass the General Pediatric Certifying exam. The first part of the book is the pediatric board study guide explains the content specifications provided by the American Board of Pediatrics, and includes revisions in treatment protocols and diagnostic criteria. Figures, radiology images, EKGs, growth curves, tables, and diagrams make it easy to establish the basic medical knowledge in pediatrics in many different ways; most of the major chapters were written or reviewed by experts in the field from the top universities in the USA. The typical and atypical presentation of pediatric conditions characterizes the Guide. An easy-to-read bulleted format highlights the most pertinent information for conditions commonly encountered by the pediatricians. In the Last Minute Review chapter, tables allow the reader to review in the shortest time possible more than 1000 clinical case scenarios, more than 70 radiology case scenarios and high-yield facts for the pediatric board examination and clinical pediatric encounters, making it ideal for review in the days prior to the Board exam. With smooth transitions from one topic to another, the Guide is easy to read and use, and we trust it will prove an excellent tool for anyone in the field, whether preparing for the exam, or brushing up for rotations. El Paso, TX vii

Contents General Pediatrics... 1 Behavioral, Mental Health Issues and Neurodevelopmental Disorders... 29 Mohamad Hamdy Ataalla Psychological Issues and Problems... 45 Sitratullah Olawunmi Kukoyi-Maiyegun The Acutely III Child... 57 Emergency Care... 65 Steven L. Lanski and Genetics and Dysmorphology... 83, Golder Wilson and Vijay Tonk Metabolic Disorders... 101 Fetus and Newborn Infants (Neonatology)... 119 Adolescent Medicine and Gynecology... 149 Marwa Abdou and Allergic and Immunologic Disorders... 159 Rheumatologic Disorders... 177 Infectious Diseases... 193 and M. Nawar Hakim Gastrointestinal Disorders... 257 ix

x Contents Respiratory Disorders... 291 Karen Hardy and Cardiovascular Disorders... 313 Joseph Mahgerefteh and Daphne T. Hsu Blood and Neoplastic Disorders... 343 Staci Bryson and Arlynn F. Mulne Renal Disorders... 373 Beatrice Goilav and Abhijeet Pal Urologic Disorders... 393 Endocrine Disorders... 403 Kuk-Wha Lee, Amr Morsi and Pediatric Neurology... 435 Ivet Hartonian, Rujuta R. Bhatt and Jason T. Lerner Eye Disorders... 457 Violeta Radenovich and Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders... 469 Josée Paradis and Anna H. Messner Skin Disorders... 491 Sitratullah Olawunmi Kukoyi-Maiyegun Orthopedics Disorders and Sport Injuries... 507 Amr Abdelgawad and Marwa Abdou Research and Statistics... 543 Sitratullah Olawunmi Kukoyi-Maiyegun Radiology Review... 547 Abd Alla Fares, Stephane ALARD, Mohamed Eltomey, Caroline Ernst and Johan de Mey The Last Minute Review... 573, Kuk-Wha Lee, Jason T. Lerner, Ivet Hartonian, Rujuta R. Bhatt, Joseph Mahgerefteh, Daphne T. Hsu, Beatrice Goilav, Sitratullah Olawunmi Kukoyi-Maiyegun, Arlynn F. Mulne Vijay Tonk and Amr Abdelgawad Index... 611

Contributors Amr Abdelgawad, MD Associate Professor of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA Marwa Abdou, MD Pediatric Resident, Department of Pediatrics, El Paso Children s Hospital, El Paso, TX, USA Rujuta R. Bhatt, MD Child Neurology Resident, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Mattel Children s Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA Staci Bryson, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso Children s Hospital, El Paso, TX, USA Arlynn F. Mulne, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso Children s Hospital, El Paso, TX, USA Abd Alla Fares, MD Department of Radiology, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium Beatrice Goilav, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Children s Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA M. Nawar Hakim, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA Mohamad Hamdy Ataalla, MD Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA Karen Hardy, MD Director of Pediatric Pulmonary and CF Center, Director of Pediatric Pulmonary and CF Center, Pediatric Pulmonary and Cystic Fibrosis Center, Children s Oakland and California, Pacific Medical Centers, Oakland, CA, USA Ivet Hartonian, MD, MS Pediatric Neurology Consultant, Department of Pediatrics, White Memorial Pediatric Medical Group, Los Angeles, CA, USA Daphne T. Hsu, MD Professor of Pediatrics, Division Chief, and Co-Director, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Pediatric Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Children s Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA Sitratullah.O. Maiyegun, MD Associate Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, TX, USA Steven L. Lanski, MD Medical Director Pediatric Emergency Medicine Department of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Providence Memorial Hospital, El Paso, TX, USA xi

xii Contributors Kuk-Wha Lee, MD, PhD Associate Professor, Chief, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Mattel Children s Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA Jason T. Lerner, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Mattel Children s Hospital at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA Joseph Mahgerefteh, MD Assistant Professor, Pediatric Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Children s Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA Anna H. Messner, MD Professor, Department of Otolaryngology/Head & Neck Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center and the Lucile Salter Packard Children s Hospital, Stanford, CA, USA Amr Morsi, MD Resident Physician, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Science Center Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, TX, USA, MD Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, El Paso, Avenue, TX, USA Josée Paradis, MD, MSc, FRCSC Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck surgery, London Health Science Center, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada Violeta Radenovich, MD, M.P.H Associate Professor of Pediatric Ophthalmology, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA Vijay Tonk, PhD: FACMG Professor of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA Golder Wilson, MD, PhD Professor of Pediatrics and Clinical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA

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