Infectious Diseases in Pediatric Otolaryngology

Transcription

1 Infectious Diseases in Pediatric Otolaryngology

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3 Tulio A. Valdez Jesus G. Vallejo Editors Infectious Diseases in Pediatric Otolaryngology A Practical Guide

4 Editors Tulio A. Valdez Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology Connecticut Children s Medical Center Hartford, CT, USA Jesus G. Vallejo Department of Pediatrics Section of Infectious Diseases Baylor College of Medicine Texas Children s Hospital Houston, TX, USA ISBN DOI / ISBN (ebook) Library of Congress Control Number: Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

5 Preface The practice of medicine requires constant teamwork among various disciplines to achieve the best results in patient care. In this textbook Infectious Diseases in Pediatric Otolaryngology, we set up to provide an easy to use guide for the management of infectious conditions in the head and neck using the same collaborative model that we use in the everyday management of patients. Each chapter compiles the expert opinions and recommendations of pediatric otolaryngologist and pediatric infectious disease specialists to provide a comprehensive approach to the management of these conditions. Infectious diseases constitute a large portion of the practice of pediatric otolaryngology. It is also important for pediatric practitioners to identify conditions that may require surgical management. We have tried not to standardize therapy, but rather have chosen to preserve the differences among the recommendations of the authors in order to illustrate that a variety of approaches to treatment may be available. Finally, we would like to thank the many contributors for their excellent and timely chapters and the editorial staff at Springer for their wonderful assistance. We hope that students, pediatric and otolaryngology residents, and practicing physicians find the guidelines outlined in this book useful and readily accessible. We would like to specially thank our wives Carole and Karen and our children Isaac, Cristian, and Eric for their unwavering support during this project. Hartford, CT, USA Houston, TX, USA Tulio A. Valdez Jesus G. Vallejo v

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7 Contents Part I Ears 1 Management of the Child with Otorrhea... 3 Luis D. Vilchez-Madrigal and Alexander J. Osborn 2 Infections of the External Ear Mary F. Musso and Jonathan D. Crews 3 Otitis Media Christopher R. Grindle and Armando G. Correa 4 Complications of Acute and Chronic Otitis Media Nicholas J. Bennett, Scott R. Schoem, and Kyle Johnson 5 Inner Ear Infections Corrie E. Roehm and Marisol Fernandez Part II Nasal Cavity and Sinuses 6 Nasal Soft Tissue Infections Ronald J. Vilela 7 Sinusitis J. Chase McNeil and Yamilet Tirado 8 Complications of Sinusitis Lucila Marquez, Matthew Sitton, Jennifer Dang, Brandon H. Tran, and Deidre R. Larrier 9 Sinus Disease in Cystic Fibrosis Melanie S. Collins, Thomas S. Murray, and Mark D. Rizzi Part III Oral Cavity, Oropharynx and Upper Airway 10 Tonsillitis and Peritonsillar Abscess Luis A. Castagnini, Meha Goyal, and Julina Ongkasuwan vii

8 viii Contents 11 Laryngeal Infections Amy L. Hughes, Nicholas Karter, and Douglas S. Swanson 12 Tracheal Infections Amal Isaiah, Kevin D. Pereira, and Armando G. Correa Part IV Neck 13 Infectious Lymphadenopathy Andrea T. Cruz and Daniel C. Chelius 14 Neck Abscesses and Deep Neck Infections Carla M. Giannoni and Judith R. Campbell 15 Infected Congenital Neck Lesions Valerie Cote and Claire Bocchini Part V Other Conditions 16 PFAPA: Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Cervical Adenitis Katherine R. Kavanagh and Henry M. Feder Jr. Index

9 Contributors Nicholas J. Bennett, M.B.B.Chir., Ph.D. Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Connecticut Children s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA Claire Bocchini, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Judith R. Campbell, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Luis A. Castagnini, M.D., M.P.H. Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA Daniel C. Chelius, M.D., F.A.A.P. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Melanie S. Collins, M.D. Department of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Connecticut Children s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, USA Armando G. Correa, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Valerie Cote, M.D., C.M., F.A.A.P., F.R.C.S.C. Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford, CT, USA Connecticut Children s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA Jonathan D. Crews, M.D., M.S. Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Children s Hospital of San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA Andrea T. Cruz, M.D., M.P.H. Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Jennifer Dang, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA ix

10 x Contributors Henry M. Feder Jr., M.D. Department of Pediatrics and Family Medicine, University of Connecticut Medical Center, Farmington, CT, USA Marisol Fernandez, M.D. Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Dell Children s Medical Center, Seton Healthcare Family, Austin, TX, USA Carla M. Giannoni, M.D. Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Meha Goyal, B.B.A. Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Christopher R. Grindle, M.D. Division of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Connecticut Children s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA Amy L. Hughes, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Disorders, Boston Children s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA Amal Isaiah, M.D., D.Phil. (Oxon.) Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Kyle Johnson, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology, University of Connecticut School of Health Sciences, Farmington, CT, USA Nicholas Karter, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA Katherine R. Kavanagh, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology, Connecticut Children s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA Deidre R. Larrier, M.D. Bobby Alford Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Lucila Marquez, M.D., M.P.H. Department of Pediatrics, Sections of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Pediatric Hospital Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA J. Chase McNeil, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Thomas S. Murray, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Medical Sciences, Frank H. Netter MD School of Medicine at Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT, USA Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease, Connecticut Children s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA Mary F. Musso, D.O. Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Texas Children s Hospital, Houston, TX, USA Julina Ongkasuwan, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Alexander J. Osborn, M.D., Ph.D. The Voice Clinic, Toronto, ON, Canada Kevin D. Pereira, M.D., M.S. Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

11 Contributors xi Mark D. Rizzi, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology, The Children s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA Corrie E. Roehm, M.D. Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Dell Children s Hospital, Austin, TX, USA Scott R. Schoem, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology, Connecticut Children s Medical Center, Hartford, CT, USA Matthew Sitton, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Douglas S. Swanson, M.D. Department of Pediatrics, Children s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, USA Yamilet Tirado, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology, Miami Children s Hospital, Miami, FL, USA Brandon H. Tran, M.D. Neuroradiology Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA Luis D. Vilchez-Madrigal, M.D. Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Children s Hospital, San Jose, CR, USA Ronald J. Vilela, M.D. Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA