Eastar copolyester 73 technical information
Contents Eastar copolyester 73 Properties Optical Thermal and rheological Burning characteristics Chemical resistance 5 Barrier properties 5 Weatherability 5 Color 5 Quality manufacturing 5 Rheological properties of Eastar copolyester 73 Table Physical properties of film extruded in Eastman s laboratories from Eastar copolyester 73 Table Thermal properties of Eastar copolyester 73 Table 3 Electrical properties of Eastar copolyester 73 5 Table Rheological properties of Eastar copolyester 73 using a capillary rheometer and constant shear rate method Figure Viscosity vs. temperature Figure Viscosity vs. shear rate Figure 3 Viscosity vs. shear stress 7 Figure Shear stress vs. shear rate 7
Eastar copolyester 73 Eastar copolyester 73 is useful in a variety of processes and applications because of its clarity, toughness, and good melt strength at processing temperatures. These include: Film and sheet extrusion Applications Sheet for protective covers and displays. Thermoformed containers for rigid medical packaging, refrigerated/frozen foods, candies, and sundries. Features Gloss, transparency, toughness, fast-forming cycles, ease of forming, reusable scrap, radio frequency sealable, and resistance to stress-whitening. Extrusion blow molding Applications Bottles for packaging shampoos, soaps, detergents, and oils. Features Clarity, barrier properties, chemical resistance, toughness, and processability. Shape and tubing extrusion Applications Packaging, protective sleeves, and various profiles. Features Clarity, toughness, and cost savings. Eastar copolyester 73 is a clear amorphous polymer with a glass transition temperature (T g ) of approximately 0 C (7 F) as determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. It is based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) and has a number-average molecular weight (M n ) of about,000. Copolyester 73 pellets have a poured bulk density (by ASTM D95) of about 7 kg/m 3 (5 lb/ft 3 ) and a vibrated bulk density of about 0 kg/m 3 (50 lb/ft 3 ). As is the case with all thermoplastic polyesters, 73 is subject to hydrolysis when it is in the molten state during processing. This hydrolysis results in a decrease in molecular weight that is reflected by a lowering of physical properties, especially toughness. To prevent a harmful degree of hydrolysis during processing, 73 should be thoroughly dried. Drying the material in a dehumidifying dryer at a temperature of 5 C (~50 F) for hours is normally sufficient to reduce the moisture content to less than 0.0% and to prevent significant hydrolysis in processing equipment operating at 95 to 75 C (30 to 55 F). Properties Optical Items produced from Eastar copolyester 73 by blow molding or extrusion can have good transparency, low haze, and high gloss. Optical properties of 50-micron (0-mil) film extruded from 73 are given in Table along with other film properties. Thermal and rheological Since Eastar copolyester 73 is amorphous, its thermal properties are essentially determined by its glass transition temperature of approximately 0 C (7 F). This copolyester has deflection temperatures of C (7 F) at a fiber stress of. MPa ( psi) and 70 C (5 F) at 0.55 MPa ( psi). Deflec tion temperatures and other thermal properties are given in Table. Drying temperatures must be no higher than 5 C (~50 F) to prevent pellets from sticking together in the dryer. At relatively low processing temperatures of 95 to 0 C (30 to 5 F), Eastar copolyester 73 has a desirable combination of melt viscosity/melt strength, enabling the material to be used in parison extrusion for blow molding. At temperatures encountered in injection molding (50 to 70 C [0 to 50 F]), the viscosity of 73 decreases with increase in temperature and shear rate. The effects that temperature, shear rate, and shear stress have on the viscosity of 73 are shown in Figures,, and 3. Shear stress versus shear rate is given in Figure. The rheological properties of 73 are summarized in Table. Burning characteristics Eastar copolyester 73 has been tested by Underwriter s Laboratories (Test Method UL 9) and classified as follows: Thickness Rating. mm (0.09 in.) 9HB
Table Physical properties of film extruded in Eastman s laboratories from Eastar copolyester 73 Property, a units Typical value ASTM Test method Inherent viscosity 0.70 b b Thickness of film tested Microns 50 D37 Mils 0 Density, g/cm 3.7 D505 3, method D Haze, % 0. D003 Gloss @ 5 0 D57 Transparency, % 5 D7 Transmittance, % Regular (specular) Total Water vapor transmission rate c ISO D003 9 modified 9 g/m h F37 g/00 in. h 0. Gas permeability cm3 mm/m h atm (cm 3 mil/00 in. h atm) CO 9 (5) D3 O 0 (5) D395 Elmendorf tear resistance, N (gf) M.D. 3.7 (,00) D9 33/ T.D..7 (,700) PPT tear resistance, N (lbf) M.D. 93 () D5 T.D. 93 () Tear propagation resistance Split-tear method @ 5 mm/min (0 in./min) M.D., N (lbf) 9. (.) D93 N/mm (lbf/in.) 3 (05) T.D., N (lbf) 9. (.) N/mm (lbf/in.) 3 (05) (continued on next page)
Table (Cont i nue d) Typical Test method Property, a units value ASTM ISO Tear resistance, trouser @ 00 mm/min speed, N/mm (lbf/in.) M.D. 3 (05) 33/ T.D. 3 (05) Tensile strength @ yield, MPa (psi) M.D. 5 (7,500) T.D. 5 (7,500) Tensile strength @ break, MPa (psi) M.D. 59 (,00) T.D. 55 (,000) D 57-3//50 Elongation @ yield, % M.D. T.D. Elongation @ break, % M.D. 00 T.D. 00 Tensile modulus, MPa (0 5 psi) 57-3//5, M.D.,900 (.) D 5-mm T.D.,900 (.) gauge length Dart impact,.7-mm (a-in.) dia. head, 7-mm (5-in.) dia. clamp, 0-mm (-in.) drop, g @ 3 C (73 F) 00 C (0 F) 500 D709A Method A modified 775/A Method A modified a Unless noted otherwise, all tests were run @ 3 C (73 F) and 50% relative humidity. b Inherent viscosity was determined using test method ECC-A-AC-G-V-. c Test conducted @ 3 C (00 F) and 00% relative humidity. Some variation is inherent in all plastics testing, and the preceding data are considered to be representative of average properties for 50-micron (0-mil) film. Eastman makes no representation that the material in any particular shipment will conform exactly to the values given. 3
Table Thermal properties of Eastar copolyester 73 Property, a units Typical value Deflection temperature @. MPa ( psi) fiber stress, C F 7 @ 0.55 MPa ( psi) fiber stress, C 70 F 5 Vicat softening point, C 5 F 5 Thermal conductivity, W/m K 0. Btu in./h ft F.5 Glass transition temperature, C 0 Specific heat, kj/kg K (Btu/lb F) F 7 @ 0 C (0 F).30 (0.3) 00 C ( F).7 (0.) 50 C (30 F). (0.5) 00 C (39 F).97 (0.7) 50 C ( F).05 (0.9) ASTM Test method ISO D 75 D55 30 C77 b b b b Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, mm/mm C (30 to 0 C) 5. 3 0 5 D9 Flammability (3.-mm [ -in.] thick specimen) cm/min,.5 D35 in./min, UL flammability classification. mm (0.09 in.) 9HB UL 9 Oxygen index, % D3 Melt density @ 00 C, g/cm 3.9 50 C, g/cm 3 0.9 D3 a Unless noted otherwise, all tests were run @ 3 C (73 F) and 50% relative humidity. b Glass transition temperature and specific heat were determined by DSC. Properties reported here are typical of average lots. Eastman makes no representation that the material in any particular shipment will conform exactly to the values given.
Table 3 Electrical properties of Eastar copolyester 73 Property, a units Typical value Test method Dielectric constant @ khz. MHz. Dissipation factor ASTM D50 @ khz 0.005 MHz 0.0 Arc resistance, s 5 ASTM D95 Volume resistivity, ohm cm 0 5 ASTM D57 Surface resistivity, ohm/square 0 ASTM D57 Dielectric strength, short time @ 500 V/sec rate-of-rise, 3.-mm (l-in.) thick test specimen, kv/mm (V/mil) (0) ASTM D9 a Unless noted otherwise, all tests were run @ 3 C (73 F) and 50% relative humidity. Properties reported here are typical of average lots. Eastman makes no representation that the material in any particular shipment will conform exactly to the values given. Chemical resistance Unstressed tensile bars molded of Eastar copolyester 73 exhibit good resistance to dilute aqueous solutions of mineral acids, bases, salts, and soaps, and to aliphatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, and a variety of oils. Halogenated hydrocarbons, short chain length ketones, and aromatic hydrocarbons dissolve or swell the plastic. The chemical resistance of Eastar copolyester 73 is the subject of a separate Eastman publication, TR-5, that is available on request. Barrier properties Water-vapor transmission rate and gas permeability measured on 50-micron (0-mil) film are given in Table. Weatherability Eastar copolyester 73 does not contain a UV absorber, and it is not suggested for use in applications involving continuous long-term outdoor exposure. Color Eastar copolyester 73 may be colored using color concentrates, dry colors, or liquid colorants. To provide material compatibility, Eastman offers color concentrates compounded in an Eastar copolyester 73 base. Most color concentrates are custom-made, but a few standard concentrates are available from stock. The mixing ratio for 73 and color concentrate is usually 0:. Color concentrates should be dried in a manner similar to that suggested for 73 to minimize hydrolytic degradation during processing. Quality manufacturing Eastar copolyester 73 is manufactured under a quality system that is registered by BSI, Certificate No. FM 0, conforming to the requirements of ISO 900:00. 5
Rheological properties of Eastar copolyester 73 Figure Viscosity vs. temperature Eastar copolyester 73 Figure Viscosity vs. shear rate Eastar copolyester 73 00 0 0 00 0 0 30 0 50 0 70 Shear rate Sec 3 0.039 in. I.D. tube 90 included angle entry L/D ratio 0 00 0 0 00 0 0 Extrusion temperature, C 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00 00 000 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 53 0 Viscosity, poise 0 3 0 0 307 3 533 0 0 Viscosity, poise 0 3 0 0 30 0 50 0 0 0 30 3 0.039 in. I.D. tube 90 included angle entry L/D ratio 0 00 0 0 30 0 50 0 70 Temperature, C 0 0 0 0 0 00 Shear rate, Sec 0 00 00 00 00 000
Figure 3 Viscosity vs. shear stress Eastar copolyester 73 Figure Shear stress vs. shear rate Eastar copolyester 73 00 0 0 0 Extrusion temperature, C 0 0 0 0 00 3 0 0 0 00 53 00 00 Shear rate sec - 00 00 000 00 0 0 0 000 00 00 00 00 0 0 0 0 0 00 00 00 00 00 000 000 00 00 00 00 Viscosity, poise 0 3 0 0 0 50 0 30 307 3 533 0 0 Shear stress, psi 00 0 0 0 0 Extrusion temperature, C 00 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0.039 in. I.D. tube 90 included angle entry L/D ratio 0 30 3 0 30 0 50 0 0.039 in. I.D. tube 90 included angle entry L/D ratio = 0 0 0 0 0 Shear stress, psi 0 0 00 00 00 00 00 000 0 0 0 0 0 Shear rate, Sec 0 00 00 00 00 00 000 3
Table Rheological properties of Eastar copolyester 73 using a capillary rheometer and constant shear rate method Capillary diameter, 0.039 in. (~ mm) Capillary length, 0.77 in. (~0 mm) Temperature C ( F) 00 (39) 0 (0) 0 () 30 () Shear stress Shear rate Apparent viscosity psi Sec Poise Pa s 5.3 3 5,00 5,0.3,500,50 7. 53 3,00 3,0 9.9 307 0,900,090 09.0 3,00,0 33.0,530 5,90 59 7.0 3,070 3,300 330.0,30,0 9.0 3,00,0 30. 3,00 3,0 5.5 53 5,00,50 0.3 307,00,0 99.7 3,00,0 3.0,530 5,550 555 39.0 3,070 3,30 33 53.0,30,70 7 3. 3 9,00,90.7 5,500,550 3. 53 9,00,90 5.7 307,00,0 7. 3 9,70 97.0,530 5,00 50 3.0 3,070,90 9 7.0,30,0 9. 3,700,70.,900,90 3.0 53 5,300,530 53.5 307,000,00 (continued on next page)
Table (Continued) Temperature C ( F) 30 () 0 () 50 () 0 (500) Shear stress Shear rate Apparent viscosity psi Sec Poise Pa s 75.9 3,530 53 0.0,530,590 59 5.0 3,070,00 0 39.0,30,570 57 7.0 3 5,00,50.5,000,00.9 53,00,0 0. 307 9,70 97. 3,0 7.,530 3,950 395 0.0 3,070,0 9.0,30,50 5 5. 3,00,0 9. 0,00,00 0.3 53 9,0 9 33. 307 7,570 757 5.9 3 5,30 53.5,530 3,70 37 03.0 3,070,30 3 7.0,30,30 3 3.5 3 7,900 790.5 7,0 7.5 53,50 5.9 307 5,00 50 0. 3,590 59 9.7,530 3,30 33 9.7 3,070,00 0 3.0,30,70 7 Conversions of metric/u.s. customary values may have been rounded off and therefore may not be exact conversions. 9
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