The Finnish Classification of Indoor Environment and Material Emissions Jorma Säteri Finnish Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, FiSIAQ
Finnish Classification of Indoor Environment 2008 An update of the classification first published in 1995 and revised in 2001. A voluntary system for setting target values for indoor environment in new construction
Finnish Classification of Indoor Environment Target values for indoor air quality and climate, acoustics and lighting (S) Instructions for design and construction (P) Requirements for building products (M) Building and constructions HVAC systems Classification of emissions from building materials Classification of clenliness of ventilation components
Target values of fine particles in IAQ Classification 2000 Mass concentration of airborne particulate matter (24 h, SFS-EN 12341) Cat S1 PM10 20 µg/m³ OR I/O ratio 0,5 AND PM10 50 µg/m³ Cat S2 PM10 40 µg/m³ OR I/O ratio 0,5 AND PM10 50 µg/m³ Cat S3 PM10 50 µg/m³
Target values of fine particles in IEQ Classification 2008 Measurement of PM10 was considered too expensive for building projects Target values were replaced with prescriptive requirement: Use F9/F8 class filtration of supply air (EN 13779) Follow the criteria for cleanliness of surfaces and air handling units
IEQ Index principle Measured value is compared to target value Three different ways to set the target values CEN15251 ASHRAE 55 Classification of Indoor Environment 2008 Three options for evaluating the deviations from the target value (according to CEN 15251) percentage of time degree hours PMV-model
IEQ Index calculation IEQ measurement data Building data Helsinki testbed Occupancy Indoor parameter Target setting model Evaluation model Outdoor temp Target value calculation YES àcompare NO àindex:green IEQ index data
IEQ index (temperature/co 2 /etc.) Room/space: instantaneous value A five-point scale is used for parameters that are limited by max and min values (e.g. temperature) A three-point scale (without below points) is used for parameter that only have a max value (e.g. contaminants) Above range Above target, within range On target CEN EN 15251 Cat II Below target, within range Below range
Target values of temperature (FiSIAQ Cat S2) Operative temperature [C] O peratiivinen lämpötila oleskeluvyöhykkeellä [ C] 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 S2 Enimmäisarvo t op 20 20 Vähimmäisarvo 19 19 Lämpötilan tulee pysyä 90 % käyttöajasta alueella t op ± 1,0 C. 18 18 17 17-15 -10-5 0 5 10 15 20 25 Ulkolämpötila (24 h keskiarvo) [ C] Outdoor temperature (24 h average) [C] 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21
IEQ index (temperature/co 2 /etc.) Room/space: 24-hour trend The instantaneous values can be presented on a timeline to create a 24-hour trend for a room/space Target: CEN EN 15251 Cat II 00 02 04 06 08 10 12 14 16 18 20 24 Work time
IEQ index (temperature/co 2 /etc.) Room/space: work day footprint value A time distribution (temporal footprint) of the index values in the day stack is calculated for the hours that the space has been occupied (or planned to be occupied/work hours) Footprint of individual room (% of time in each cat) Target: CEN EN 15251 Cat II
IEQ index (temperature/co 2 /etc.) Whole Building: work day spatial footprint Distribution of all rooms/space instantaneous work time values in each category Weighed by number of workplaces or by floor area 75 % Target: CEN EN 15251 Cat II
IEQ index (temperature/co 2 /etc.) Building: 1-month trend The work day spatial footprint values can be presented on a timeline to create a 1-month trend for the whole building
Conclusions The IEQ Index developed in this project is a tool for presenting large amounts of measurement data in an understandable format. The index can easily be used when analysing the results from wireless sensor networks. The index can be applied universally because the target levels can be chosen based on local needs. Name surname 14
Name surname 15
Target values (S) Three categories S1 individual ~ cat I of EN15251 S2 comfortable ~ cat II S3 satisfactory building code level Specified from client s and engineer s viewpoints
SI2008 S1: Individual indoor environment The indoor air quality of the space is very good and there are no discernible odours. There are no damages or pollution sources in spaces and constructions that are connected with the indoor air The thermal environment is comfortable, and draught or overheating does not occur. The user of the space can individually control the thermal environment. The acoustic environment of the spaces is very good and the good lighting environment can be individually controlled.
Technical target values Operative temperature (EN 15251 applied in Finnish climate) Air velocity (based on EN ISO 7730) Carbon dioxide (based on EN 15251) Outdoor air flow rates (EN 15251, very low emitting buildings) Radon Lighting (based on SFS-EN 12464-1:2003) Acoustics (based on SFS 5907)
Target values for operative temperature
Target values for operative temperature
Target values for operative temperature
Some target values have been replaced with prescriptive criteria VOC, ammonia, formaldehyde à use low emitting building materials Fine particles à use F9/F8 class filtration of supply air (EN 13779) Dust and dirt à criteria for cleanliness of surfaces of the new building Microbes à ensure good control of moisture in design and construction ETS à ban smoking indoors
Building and constructions Instructions for construction client Instructions for design and selection of materials Classification of construction cleanliness Classification of cleanliness of ventilation systems includes requirement for supply air filtration Requirement for a moisture control plan
Instructions for structural design The following aspects shall be taken into consideration in structural design material emissions moisture characteristics easiness of cleaning durability performance requirements set by sandwich structures
Instructions for selection of materials The building materials should be as low emitting as possible. The building materials of a space designed according to indoor climate categories S1 and S2 should predominantly be selected from emission class M1. M2 classified building materials should not cover more than 20% of the interior surfaces of a room and never more than 1 m² per m² floor. Uncoated brick, stone, ceramic tile, glass and metal surfaces as well as untreated board and log surfaces (excluding hardwood) may be used freely.
Instructions for selection of materials Only materials whose moisture characteristics are known and which cause as little risks as possible when in connection with other materials should be used in the structures of the building. The materials used shall have a product specification presenting emission class data the possible limitations for the use of the materials requirements for the environmental conditions where the material is applied, such as temperature and humidity values.
Requirements for emission class M1 No changes are proposed to the M1 criteria of building materials TVOC Formaldehyde Ammonia Carcinogenic compounds Dissatisfaction with odour < 15 % 0.1 acceptability vote 1.0 Plasters and tiling products, levelling agents, putty, mastics, fillers, screeds and renders shall not contain casein. < 0,2 mg/m 2 h < 0,05 mg/m 2 h < 0,03 mg/m 2 h < 0,005 mg/m 2 h
Organisation of M1-labelling Development of criteria Finnish Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate Product manufacturing Finnish and foreign industry Product testing Independent laboratories Administration of M1-labeling The Building Information Foundation RTS Committee PT 17 Indoor Air Classification - 19 members + secretary (RTS) - industry representation
M1 labelled products Today there are over 2100 labelled products by over 110 producers. The largest product groups: Plaster, rendering, putties, fillers, flooring, paints and varnishes, building boards and mineral wool. See www.rts.fi for complete listing
No changes in the criteria for M1- labelling (at this time) We follow the work of CEN TC351 on CE-marking of emissions from building materials We participate in the harmonisation of test methods New product groups have been added to the M1-labelling of ventilation components Sound attenuators Supply air filters