www.studyinaustralia.gov.au Courses in Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication

www.studyinaustralia.gov.au Courses in Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication

Study in Australia Australian education institutions are in high demand for a growing number of international students who recognise the excellence and value of an Australian education. More than 300,000 international students choose to study Australian education programs every year and over 20,000 are from Malaysia. International students can take a wide range of courses through the Australian education system, which caters for their needs at all levels from primary school to university. All institutions and courses for international students have to be registered with the Australian government, which takes a strong interest in maintaining the quality of education for Australian and international students. GENERAL ENTRY REQUIREMENTS Prerequisites vary in terms of courses and institutions selected. Australian education institutions can only accept students with an appropriate level of English proficiency. As a general guide, students intending to undertake an undergraduate qualification for most programs need to have obtained an overall band score of 6.0 in IELTS with a minimum of 6.0 in each band, although this may vary. This entire publication is printed on environmentally friendly paper.

Contents Study in Australia Inside Front Cover Courses Architecture/Building 2 Arts, Humanities and Social Science 4 Business 6 Computer Science and Information Technology 8 Dentistry 10 Health Sciences and Community Services 12 Law 14 Life Sciences 16 MBA 18 Medicine 20 Nursing 22 Pharmacy 24 Senior Secondary Education 26 Tourism and Hospitality 28 Engineering 30 Veterinary Science 34 Quick Reference Chart Inside Back Cover Copyrights reserved Australian Education International (AEI) Malaysia June 2008 AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication

Architecture/Building Architecture is a discipline that encompasses everything from engineering and structural design through building techniques and project management to graphics and design. The profession is practised according to the knowledge and understanding of the ways in which people relate to their environment. An architect s responsibilities include designing buildings, documentation and costing of projects and supervision of the entire process of construction. A closely related discipline is building management, which is the complex and detailed management of building projects, people and physical resources necessary to successfully design, develop, construct and operate residential, commercial and public properties. Academic Prerequisites For entry into some undergraduate architecture or building programs, it is assumed that students have achieved a satisfactory level in Maths, Chemistry or Physics at the pre-university level courses. Art is also recommended for some institutions. Course fees/duration Tuition fees for architecture and building courses range from A$13,700 to A$20,000 per year. A typical course is five years in duration and two-tiered, in the form of a three-year first degree, which can be taken alone or as the first part of a double program leading to a two-year professional studies component of the program. The first degree is a pre-professional program leading to entry into the Bachelor of Architecture program. It is normally multidisciplinary in nature and offers a broad spectrum of electives to promote intellectual development, critical thinking and creative activities. For those not wishing to pursue a career as a practising architect, they may exit with a pass degree (three years) or honours (four years) in Bachelor of Design Studies, Bachelor of Arts (Architecture), Bachelor of Building and Construction Management or other qualifications depending on the awarding institutions. Practical experience may be required in some instances prior to graduation. For those who wish to pursue a career in architecture, they may be required to undertake approved work experience before enrolling in the two-year Bachelor of Architecture course, which is more 2 Architecture / Building

intensive in nature and focuses on developing the specific knowledge and skills required to practise architecture as a profession. At the end of the two-year program, a student may graduate with a pass or honours degree. Double degrees The combination of an architecture degree with another degree is rare but possible. A combined Architecture/Construction Management course for example, enables graduates to obtain recognised professional qualifications in both disciplines. Other combinations of building studies and arts, fashion and textile, interior design, international studies and economics are also possible. Career opportunities Graduates can become architects who can undertake general practice or choose to specialise in areas such as commercial and industrial development, housing, or take up other positions in related areas such as architectural science, management and research in the public or private sectors. An architectural education provides a sound basis for a range of design-related careers, be it in the industrial sector and interior, landscape or urban design. Meanwhile, building or construction management courses, which train students at the paraprofessional levels in the construction industry and entry level in quantity and building surveying, would lead to employment opportunities in elementary site supervision and management, quantity surveying, estimating, construction planning or building surveying. Architecture/Building Courses in Australia AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES University of Newcastle University of New South Wales University of Sydney University of Technology, Sydney University of New England University of Western Sydney QUEENSLAND Central Queensland University Queensland University of Technology University of Queensland SOUTH AUSTRALIA University of Adelaide University of South Australia TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Deakin University RMIT University University of Melbourne Monash University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University of Technology University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 3

Arts, Humanities & Social Siences Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences is the second largest field after business and management in Australian universities. Students should be aware that even though the courses have the same names, they each differ from one institution to another due to the wide variety of specialisations offered. There are varieties of choices within as well as between courses. All the courses within this scope have mostly an interdisciplinary approach to studies and flexibility in the choice of subjects, which allows students to take either a range of disciplines or a specialised degree in one of the major study areas such as Aboriginal Studies, Anthropology, Archaeology, Art and Art History, Asian Studies, Australian Studies, Development Studies, English, European Studies, International Studies, History, Journalism, Linguistics, Music, Media Studies, Politics, Sociology, Theatre and Drama, Theology, Women s Studies, to name a few. Academic Prerequisites There are usually no prerequisites for most of the arts or humanities programs but some may require assumed knowledge of a particular subject relevant to the core of the program, for example, an Asian language for Asian Studies or Mathematics for an Arts/Science combination. Some programs may also require applicants to attend an interview and present a portfolio of work depending on the course applied. Students are encouraged to research the course prospectus carefully. Course fees/duration On the average, course fees for arts, humanities and social sciences range from A$13,500 to A$22,000 per year. Duration of these courses will be three years for a full time program. There are also some specialist programs which will take four years, inclusive of an extra year of study overseas. Upon graduation, graduates who qualify may enrol in an Honours program, which is an additional year of study and designed to introduce students to research work and provide them with a basis for further study. There is also a wide selection of postgraduate certificate and diploma courses available for graduates who would like to specialise in particular areas of study that interest them. 4 Arts, Humanities & Social Sciences

The combination of arts or humanities courses with other disciplines such as science, engineering, IT, law or business is widely offered by Australian institutions. The length of studies usually varies from four to five years or more depending on the combination and whether an honours year is undertaken. Career opportunities A degree in humanities opens up a whole range of opportunities as the course places an emphasis on developing research and thinking skills, which could be applied within most kinds of work environment. Graduates with a double degree will also gain a vocational edge by having more career options open to them. The very flexible and varied programs made available through arts, humanities and social sciences disciplines obviously lead to a huge pool of career options in both the government and private sectors with jobs ranging from policy developers to linguists; musicians to university academics, and a host of other professions. Arts, Humanities & Social Science Courses in Australia AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY Australian Catholic University Australian National University University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES Australian Catholic University Charles Sturt University Central Queensland University, Sydney Campus Macquarie University Southern Cross University University of Newcastle University of New England University of New South Wales University of Sydney University of Technology, Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Wollongong QUEENSLAND Bond University Central Queensland University Griffith University James Cook University Queensland University of Technology University of Queensland University of Southern Queensland University of the Sunshine Coast NORTHERN TERRITORY Charles Darwin University SOUTH AUSTRALIA Flinders University University of Adelaide University of South Australia TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Australian Catholic University Central Queensland University, Melbourne Campus Deakin University La Trobe University Monash University RMIT University Swinburne University of Technology University of Ballarat University of Melbourne Victoria University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University of Technology Edith Cowan University Murdoch University University of Notre Dame University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 5

Business Business studies courses are by far the most popular courses for Malaysians studying in Australia. This is not surprising given the international reputation attached to Australian business schools. Australian institutions offer a breadth of business studies that may generally be grouped under the following courses: Commerce - focusing on accounting, business information systems, finance, marketing and electronic commerce. Economics - focusing on economics but allows a wide choice of electives to be selected from economics or related areas. Actuarial Studies Finance - a specialised degree combining studies in the areas of economics, finance, mathematics and statistics. - another specialised degree that focuses on the study of financial instruments, institutions and markets. The above categories are by no means exhaustive and there are a myriad of specialisations in everything from the management of finance, sports, tourism and hotels to public relations, human resource management and office administration. Academic Prerequisites There are usually no specific prerequisites for most of the business programs but some may require assumed knowledge of mathematics. Students are encouraged to research the course prospectus carefully. Course fees/duration On average, course fees for business or commerce range from A$14,000 to A$27,000 per year. A business course is usually a three-year program, after which graduates who qualify may enrol in an Honours program, an additional year of study and designed to further students research work and allow them to continue with postgraduate studies if desired. There is also a wide selection of postgraduate certificate and diploma courses available for graduates who would like to specialise in particular areas that interest them. Double degrees The combination of business or commerce with other disciplines such as Law, Science, Arts or Information Technology is quite common and the length of studies usually varies from four to five years depending on the combination. 6 Business

Career opportunities Business or commerce courses provide graduates with a general foundation in business, administration, business disciplines and the necessary skills and knowledge to function effectively in a commercial environment. For example, accounting which, among other skills acquired, deals with the preparation, interpretation and use of financial information in management decision-making that will help prepare graduates in the areas of data analysis, report writing and presentation of information. Two other majors or specialisations that are popular with Malaysian students are marketing and management. A course in marketing, among other knowledge and skills, allows graduates to familiarise themselves with all the strategies and methods and apply these to the problems and opportunities involved in marketing in the real world. Graduates with a management background would be equipped with the necessary knowledge to manage various business disciplines to ensure their effective functions in a commercial environment. Depending on the specialisation chosen, graduates can expect to find employment in a diverse spectrum of job opportunities in many industries, both in the private as well as public sectors. Professional qualification Accounting graduates who wish to pursue a career in accounting, will have to work towards recognised professional qualifications in order to become qualified accountants. Business Courses in Australia AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY Australian National University University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES Australian Catholic University Charles Sturt University Central Queensland University, Sydney Campus James Cook University, NSW Campus Macquarie University Southern Cross University University of Canberra, NSW Campus University of Newcastle University of New South Wales University of Sydney University of Southern Queensland, NSW Campus University of Technology, Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Wollongong University of New England QUEENSLAND Australian Catholic University Bond University Central Queensland University Griffith University James Cook University Queensland University of Technology University of Queensland University of Southern Queensland University of the Sunshine Coast NORTHERN TERRITORY Charles Darwin University SOUTH AUSTRALIA Flinders University University of Adelaide University of South Australia TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Australian Catholic University Central Queensland University, Melbourne Campus Deakin University James Cook University, Melbourne Campus La Trobe University Monash University RMIT University Swinburne University of Technology University of Ballarat University of Melbourne Victoria University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University of Technology Edith Cowan University Murdoch University University of Notre Dame University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 7

Computer Science and Information Technology Computer science courses concentrate on the theoretical aspects of computers, in terms of the fundamentals and the technology that enables it to function. Such a course would enable graduates to build on existing technology and create new hardware and software applications. IT courses, on the other hand, deal with the application of technology in various industries and sectors Knowledge is imparted on how computers can be used to support and enhance business operations and to manage information. Academic Prerequisites Assumed knowledge in mathematics is the usual expectation for entry to computer science courses although some programs require a competitive pass in the subject at pre-university level. As for IT-related courses, specific entry requirements are usually not needed. Students are encouraged to research the course prospectus carefully. Course fees/duration Course fees for computer science and IT range from A$14,000 to A$26,200 per year. IT and computer science courses are normally of three years duration. Upon graduation, graduates who qualify may enrol in an Honours program, which is an additional year of study and designed to assist students develop an advanced level of knowledge in the area of specialisation. IT courses at some universities are part of a four-year Engineering degree. On completion of the third year, students are either selected for the honours stream or continue with the standard fourth year stream. Double degrees There are many options to combine computer science and IT courses with Commerce or Business Studies, Engineering, Science, Mathematics, Arts and Law. The duration of double degrees varies from four to five years depending on the combination. 8 Computer Science and Information Technology

Career opportunities A computer science or an IT graduate can expect to find employment in the IT industry as a consultant, software developer, hardware engineer, systems analyst, systems engineer, project manager, technical support staff, web developer, web designer, programmer, network administrator or in sales and marketing. Employment opportunities for graduates with dual qualifications are available in IT and non-it industries such as retail, banking and finance, insurance and government. Computer Science and IT Courses in Australia AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY Australian National University University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES James Cook University, NSW Campus Charles Sturt University Central Queensland University, Sydney Campus Deakin University Macquarie University Southern Cross University University of Newcastle University of New South Wales University of Sydney University of Southern Queensland, NSW Campus University of Technology, Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Wollongong University of New England Victoria University, NSW Campus QUEENSLAND Australian Catholic University Bond University Central Queensland University Griffith University James Cook University Queensland University of Technology University of Queensland University of Southern Queensland University of the Sunshine Coast NORTHERN TERRITORY Charles Darwin University SOUTH AUSTRALIA Flinders University University of Adelaide University of South Australia TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Central Queensland University, Melbourne Campus Deakin University La Trobe University Monash University RMIT University Swinburne University of Technology University of Ballarat University of Melbourne Victoria University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University of Technology Edith Cowan University Murdoch University University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 9

Dentistry Dentistry is a respected and rewarding profession that demands high standards of care and skill as well as an aptitude for dealing with people. The practice of dentistry involves the application of scientific principles to the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases and abnormalities. However, the role of the dentist has changed substantially over recent years with the changing scope and challenges of modern dentistry as well as an increasing emphasis on the importance of personal appearance, speech and general health. Rapid advances in biomedical research, new dental techniques and technologies are some of the factors cited to have underscored the valued role of the dentist. It is thus essential that apart from possessing excellent intellectual and interpersonal skills, an aptitude for technical and scientific study and good manual dexterity, students intending to pursue this course should have an enquiring mind and a commitment to lifelong learning. Academic Prerequisites Since 2000, entry to some undergraduate dentistry programs requires international students to take the Undergraduate Medicine and Health Sciences Admissions Test (UMAT) or the Special Tertiary Admissions Test (STAT) in addition to excellent academic results at pre-university level especially in Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics. Some universities also include interviews as part of their selection process. Other than pre-university level, some universities accept graduate entrants or tertiary students who have completed prescribed first year courses in Biological Sciences, Chemistry, Physics and Statistics within a minimum of one year full-time university study. Graduate entrants refer to holders of a bachelor s degree of a related discipline. Apart from their performance in a previous undergraduate degree, they are selected on the basis of their performance in the Graduate Australian Medical School Admission Test (GAMSAT), a semistructured interview and a practical aptitude test. Course fees/duration On the average, course fees for dentistry, which is usually a five-year program at Australian universities, range from A$41,000 to A$43,600 per year. At most universities, students who 10 Dentistry

demonstrated a high level of academic performance may be awarded the degree with honours. For other institutions, an optional Honours year is available upon the completion of at least the first three years of the degree. This will involve the writing of a report or thesis together with advanced course work. Meritorious students may be allowed to undertake the Honours program concurrently with the final two years of the dentistry program. Career opportunities Once registered with the appropriate board, dentists may engage in private practice on their own. Alternatively, graduates may join a partnership, or work in government agencies such as school dental clinics, hospitals or the armed forces, or undertake further study and qualify as specialists in various areas of dentistry. Professional recognition To practice dentistry in Malaysia in accordance with the Dental Act 1971 and the Dental Regulation 1976, a graduate must have a recognised degree from Australia to register with the Malaysian Dental Council. It is also compulsory to serve the government for three years before working as a general dental practitioner in private practice. Dentistry Courses in Australia NEW SOUTH WALES University of Sydney (Graduate entry only) QUEENSLAND University of Queensland SOUTH AUSTRALIA University of Adelaide VICTORIA University of Melbourne WESTERN AUSTRALIA University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 11

Health Sciences and Community Services The health sciences and community services field is very large and diverse. Some programs focus on operations (e.g. health administration), while others on promoting well-being and educating people (health promotion, occupational health and safety), providing consultation to health agencies and other organisations (public health) and delivery of health services (radiography or nutrition). Although courses offered by institutions under the umbrella of health sciences and community services are flexible and varied, there is a broad distinction between pure disciplines (such as chemistry and microbiology) and applied disciplines (such as nursing, dentistry, medicine, optometry, pharmacy, food science, sports science, life science, physiotherapy, speech pathology, podiatry) with health sciences usually falling under the latter category. In recent years, programs in acupuncture and other traditional Chinese medical theory and therapies have been made available to prepare graduates to work as a Chinese medicine practitioner. Academic Prerequisites Prerequisites vary from institution to institution and while it is not compulsory for some, it is recommended that students have satisfactorily completed mathematics and one science subject at pre-university level. Course fees/duration Depending on the particular course, health sciences and community services can be a three or four year program. Course fees range from A$15,000 to A$26,200 per year. Where it is a three-year program, the honours program requires an additional year of study and calls for greater specialisation in a chosen discipline. Students who demonstrate a high level of academic performance in a four-year program may be awarded degrees with honours. Double degrees Combination of courses within health science disciplines is popular for example, a Bachelor of Nursing/Health Promotion, or a Bachelor of Occupational Therapy/ Ergonomics. Combinations with other disciplines are also possible, such as Business, Commerce or even Law. Double degrees are usually four years in duration but can be longer if the other course is typically a four-year program when taken alone. Career opportunities Some programs which require field work or industrial placements help students 12 Health Sciences and Community Services

gain practical experience and ensure that they are equipped with the knowledge, skills and networks needed when they graduate. Apart from clinical settings where the occupation of a graduate is closely linked to the program undertaken such as a dietician, podiatrist and others, health sciences and community services graduates may work in areas of research, administration, health promotion, and non-clinical aspects of client management in government departments or agencies, hospitals, community health centres, rehabilitation centres, geriatric care or private health-care organisations. Graduates whose studies are complemented with interdisciplinary studies in areas such as commerce offer them the opportunity to develop skills in health promotion in clinical and community settings while gaining a professional business qualification. Similarly, those with double degrees have the competitive advantage in offering their technical expertise coupled with the understanding of the issues from a non-technical aspect. For instance, a combined qualification in social sciences and health sciences enables graduates to consider health issues in the wider context of social structures and institutions, and to offer more critical input into the development of public health policies and programs. Graduates may also find this first degree extremely useful when considering a future application for entry to a range of graduate entry programs in the health professions including medicine, clinical psychology, or nursing. Health Sciences and Community Services Courses in Australia AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY Australian Catholic University University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES Australian Catholic University Charles Sturt University Macquarie University Southern Cross University University of Newcastle University of New England University of New South Wales University of Sydney University of Technology, Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Wollongong QUEENSLAND Bond University Central Queensland University Griffith University James Cook University Queensland University of Technology University of Queensland University of the Sunshine Coast University of Southern Queensland NORTHERN TERRITORY Charles Darwin University SOUTH AUSTRALIA University of Adelaide Flinders University University of South Australia TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Deakin University La Trobe University Monash University RMIT University Swinburne University of Technology University of Ballarat University of Melbourne Victoria University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University of Technology Edith Cowan University Murdoch University University of Notre Dame University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 13

Law Australia has a wide range of law schools within its universities offering law degrees. Law is also seen as a good general education for people desiring entry into business, banking, technology, construction, and the property market and and public administration. A law degree would equip students with sound core knowledge and skills in fundamental areas such as contracts, tort, criminal law, property, litigation, equity and trusts. Academic Prerequisites There are no prerequisites associated with a Bachelor of Laws degree per se but there may be prerequisites or levels of assumed knowledge for certain individual subjects related to the degree that is combined with law. The minimum requirement for graduate entry is a recognised Bachelor degree in any discipline other than law. Course fees/duration Course fees for law range from A$12,500 to A$27,300 per year depending on the degree that is combined with law. A combination of non-laboratory based disciplines tends to average around the middle of the range while the upper end of the range is reflective of an Engineering or Science and Law combination. The Bachelor of Law is a four-year program and students may be awarded a degree with Honours if they achieve a high level of performance throughout their course of study. Graduates of non-law disciplines may apply to undertake a shortened, three-year law program. This may differ between various institutions. Double degrees Increasingly, for many universities, entrants into law must take a non-law degree alongside their Bachelor of Laws unless they already hold a nonlaw degree from a recognised tertiary institution. The duration for double degree programs varies from five years (Commerce or Science with Law) to six years (Engineering/Law). Other exceptions include Architecture/Law (seven years) and Science or Information System/Law (four years). Career opportunities Law degrees from Australia are highly sought after. They provide graduates with a rigorous knowledge of areas of substantive law necessary 14 Law

to undertake legal practice within a broad liberal education. Although many students study law with the intention of becoming legal practitioners, many law graduates do not seek admission to practise. Completion of a combined law/non-law degree program also makes Australian graduates uniquely placed to choose from a wider scope of employment opportunities. Careers in industry, government, commerce, academic institutions and journalism are some examples of the very diverse areas that a law graduate could pursue. Professional recognition To practice law in Malaysia, students must pick a recognised Australian institute. Only 14 universities are recognised by the Legal Proffesion Qualifying Board (LPQB) in Malaysia. Students with a recognised law degree must further satisfy requirements set out in the Legal Profession Act 1976 to be eligible for pratice and admission to the Malaysian Bar. If you do not wish to practice law in Malaysia, students can acquire a law degree from any university of their choice in Australia. For more information, please contact: Legal Profession Qualifying Board Malaysia 27th Floor, Menara Tun Razak, Jalan Raja Laut 50350 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Telephone : +603 2691 0054 / 603 2691 0080 Facsimile : +603 2691 0142 Law Courses in Australia AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY Australian National University University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES Macquarie University Southern Cross University University of New England University of Newcastle University of New South Wales University of Sydney University of Technology, Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Wollongong QUEENSLAND Bond University Griffith University James Cook University Queensland University of Technology University of Queensland University of Southern Queensland NORTHERN AUSTRALIA Charles Darwin University SOUTH AUSTRALIA Flinders University University of Adelaide University of South Australia TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Deakin University La Trobe University Monash University RMIT University University of Melbourne Victoria University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University Murdoch University University of Notre Dame University of Western Australia (Graduate entry) Edith Cowan University AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 15

Life Sciences Life sciences is a field of study that covers an extremely wide range of disciplines, ranging from stem cell research to tropical biodiversity and is an integral subject to modern society and the future of the planet. Subjects within life sciences include biology, botany, optometry, human health and disease, zoology, biophysics, sociobiology, biotechnology, biopharmaceuticals, tissue engineering, biostatistics and bioinformatics. The list is not exhaustive as more and more new areas of research and study emerge. There are many reasons why life sciences can be a good study option at the undergraduate level. For instance, some students would like to explore the topics of biology and chemistry in a more in depth manner and upon graduation, can lead to careers in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries or research and academia. Others may also pursue life sciences as a prerequisite to study medicine and its related courses. Academic Prerequisites For entry into life sciences programs, it is assumed that students have achieved satisfactory level in Mathematics and either Biology or Chemistry at the pre-university level. A satisfactory result in Physics also provides valuable preparation for life sciences courses. Course fees/duration Course fees for life sciences range from A$14,000 A$26,000 per year. Life sciences programs are usually three-year programs and students with good academic records are invited to undertake a fourth year of study and research leading to an honours degree. All honours students gain skills in research techniques, report writing, presentation of seminars and participate in group discussions of scientific research. 16 Life Sciences

Career opportunities Graduates can expect to find employment in a range of areas, including food and beverages, chemical, pharmaceutical and fermentation industries, particularly in production, quality control or research and development areas, with potential employers such as biotechnology companies, government research agencies, hospitals or medical research laboratories and universities. Life Sciences Courses in Australia NEW SOUTH WALES Macquarie University Southern Cross University University of New England University of New South Wales University of Newcastle University of Sydney University of Technology Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Wollongong QUEENSLAND Central Queensland University Griffith University James Cook University University of Queensland University of Southern Queensland University of Sunshine Coast SOUTH AUSTRALIA Flinders University University of Adelaide TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Deakin University La Trobe University Monash University RMIT University Swinburne University of Technology University of Melbourne Victoria University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University of Technology Edith Cowan University Murdoch University University of Notre Dame University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 17

MBA Unlike a Master of Arts (MA) or Master of Science (MSc), which is more academic in nature and where one specialises in a particular area, the Master of Business Administration (MBA) has a more practical focus and covers a broader range of skills that managers need to function more effectively at work. The MBA programs offered by Australian universities are designed to provide students with the ability to apply contemporary management knowledge and skills in an innovative, creative and entrepreneurial way. Students can choose from a broad spectrum of specialisations and electives. A good mix of academics and practising managers ensures a rich diversity of teaching styles and managerial knowledge. Class sizes are kept small to enable students to contribute their ideas and ask questions. Given that most of the sizeable full-time contingents are international students, diversity in a wide range of academic, professional and cultural backgrounds enhances the learning and networking opportunities available to all students. Some programs are also available through distance education. Academic Prerequisites Academic requirements vary from institution to institution but generally, a prior degree is required along with some years of work experience, and referees reports. Some institutions may require a GMAT (Graduate Management Admissions Test) score of minimum 550. Applicants are encouraged to check individual prospectus for more detailed information. Course fees/duration Course fees range from A$16,500 to A$52,900 per program and depending on the institution, the duration of an MBA program varies from one year to two years full-time. For programs exceeding one year of study, many may be completed in a shorter time span through attendance of Summer School. Intake(s) can be once, twice or thrice a year. Course structure In addition to the direct route of entry described above, many MBA programs allow more flexible entry and exit points. This means the MBAs are part of a graduate certificate and graduate diploma sequence. Although the progression of MBA programs varies from institution to institution, it may be loosely grouped into three stages. Students who have successfully completed Stage One, which is usually equivalent to eight subjects or units and do not intend to continue may apply for the award of the Graduate Diploma in Business Administration. Those who have successfully completed half of Stage One may also exit with a Graduate Certificate award. This translates into work undertaken in one 18 MBA

semester or one trimester (a period of three months). Students who successfully complete Stage Two and do not intend to continue into Stage Three (often referred to as Advanced MBA) may be awarded the degree of MBA. Programs that follow such structure typically cater to people in the early stages of their career who seek general management education (MBA) as well as managers and professionals seeking more senior positions (Advanced MBA). Career opportunities People pursue MBA qualifications for a number of reasons. Many do it because they want to improve their career and move into senior management or into a different area altogether. For instance, those with a technical background would do an MBA in order to move into general management. MBA also enhances one s salary when one is promoted or moves into a different area of work. In addition to a diverse student network due to the large international student community, students have valuable opportunities to complete part of their studies internationally through exchange programs in the US, Asia or Europe. Apart from enabling students to widen their personal and professional networks through such exchanges, it also enhances their international career opportunities. MBA Courses in Australia AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY Australian National University University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES Charles Sturt University Macquarie University Southern Cross University University of New South Wales University of Newcastle University of Technology Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Sydney University of Wollongong Australian Catholic University QUEENSLAND Central Queensland University Griffith University James Cook University Queensland University of Technology University of Queensland University of Southern Queensland Australian Catholic University Bond University University of Sunshine Coast NORTHERN TERRITORY Charles Darwin University SOUTH AUSTRALIA University of Adelaide Flinders University University of South Australia TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Deakin University La Trobe University Monash University RMIT University Swinburne University University of Ballarat University of Melbourne Victoria University Central Queensland University Australian Catholic University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University Edith Cowan University Murdoch University University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 19

Medicine Being a doctor is a noble profession and provides tremendous satisfaction to the practitioner. It is a highly challenging occupation and requires a life-long involvement in training and education. A new method of teaching medicine has been introduced in a number of medical faculties in Australia, that is, through postgraduate entry into the discipline. The idea behind this approach is to broaden the outlook of medical graduates and give applicants the opportunity to make a more mature decision about taking up medicine as a course of study. Academic Prerequisites Since 2000, entry to some undergraduate medical programs requires international students to take the Undergraduate Medicine and Health Sciences Admission Test (UMAT) or International Student Admission Test (ISAT) in addition to excellent academic results at pre-university level courses especially in Chemistry, Maths or Physics. Some universities also include interviews as part of their selection process. Graduate entry into medicine has proven very popular since its introduction in 1996. Entry requirements for graduate entrants are broader and many include performance on Graduate Australian Medical Schools Admissions Test (GAMSAT), a minimum GPA score of 4.5 in a previous undergraduate degree and an interview. Course fees/duration Course fees for the Bachelor of Medicine/Surgery (MBBS) degrees range from A$35,000 to A$53,520 per year. Medicine is usually a six-year program for high school leavers and four years for graduate entrants. Upon graduation, students undergo internships in an approved hospital. Based on merit shown throughout the course, the MBBS degree at some universities may be awarded either as pass degrees or as degrees with honours. Students who have achieved a high standard in their studies may also undertake an additional, year-long of supervised research leading to the award of the BSc (Med) Honours. To become a specialist, further training in an area of special interest is required for additional two or more years. Double degrees At some universities, options are available for suitably qualified students who wish to pursue a combined degree where the whole program may be completed within seven years (for school leavers) or five years (for graduate entrants). A popular combination of MBBS/Arts enables students to continue their interest and studies in the Arts while doing their medical study. 20 Medicine

Change of immigration status International students admitted into the program that might later gain Australian permanent residency during the course need to apply for a place in the Australian quota and will have to leave the course if there is no place available. Career opportunities Australian medical graduates are sought after around the world. This highly challenging area of study is for the committed student who relates well to people and wishes to take on the rewarding work of being a doctor or specialist, or of pursuing research that may enhance public health. A wide variety of options are available for graduates, including general practice, surgery, obstetrics, gynaecology, paediatrics and psychiatry. Other specialised areas include anaesthesia, rehabilitation medicine, dermatology, ophthalmology, pathology, radiology, cardiology, neurosurgery and occupational medicine. Graduates may also become medical administrators in hospitals or government departments, or researchers involved with teaching or medical research. Those who undertake a combined degree obtain a professional qualification for a career in medicine, as well as a broader education in humanities, languages or social sciences. Professional recognition The practise of medicine in Malaysia is governed by the Medical Act 1971 and the professional code of conduct laid down by the Malaysian Medical Council. For further clarification on recognition, students are advised to check with the relevant professional bodies. Graduates are encouraged to contact the Malaysian Medical Council for further information. Malaysian Medical Council Ministry of Health Malaysia Level 2, Block E1, Parcel E, Precinct 1 Federal Government Administrative Building, 62518 Putrajaya. Telephone : +6 03 8883 1400 Facsimile : +6 03 8883 1040 Medicine Courses in Australia AUSTRALIA CAPITAL TERRITORY Australian National University NEW SOUTH WALES University of Newcastle University of New South Wales University of Sydney (Graduate entry only) QUEENSLAND The University of Queensland (Graduate entry only) Bond University James Cook University SOUTH AUSTRALIA University of Adelaide Flinders University (Graduate entry only) TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Monash University University of Melbourne (Graduate entry) WESTERN AUSTRALIA University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 21

Nursing Nursing courses are generally divided into Pre-registration and Post-registration programs. Pre-registration programs are for students with no formal nursing education and those who hold a recognised undergraduate degree in a discipline other than nursing while post-registration programs are for experienced registered nurses who wish to upgrade their qualifications and expand their knowledge and skills in a variety of healthcare settings. Academic prerequisites Prerequisites vary from institution to institution and whilst it is not compulsory for some, it is recommended that students have satisfactorily completed either Biology, Chemistry, Maths or Physics at pre-university level. An Australian bachelor degree or its equivalent is required for the graduate entry program while entry to post-registration programs requires documentary evidence that the applicant is a registered nurse in her home country. Course fees/duration Course fees for nursing range from A$15,000 to A$24,000 per year. Most preregistration programs are of three years duration. For a four-year pre-registration nursing degree, an Honours year may be undertaken concurrently in year four for students who attain the required academic standard. An accelerated twoyear program is normally available to eligible graduates of disciplines other than nursing while post-registration courses are a one-year program. Double degrees It is common to combine nursing with a closely related discipline within the Health Sciences faculty. Combinations with other disciplines are rare but possible. Career opportunities Pre-registration courses aim at preparing graduates to take up general registered nursing positions across a wide spectrum of contexts in which nursing is practised such as hospital care, community care, aged care, as well as illness prevention, health promotion, improvement of injury, disease or disability and the restoration of health. The nursing profession offers a variety of career paths which may lead to practice in specialised areas such as mental health, midwifery, paediatrics and palliative care. 22 Nursing

Professional qualification The Nursing Board Malaysia under Nurses Act 1950, Nurse Registration Regulation 1985 and Midwives Act 1966 (revised 1990) is a Statutory Board for Nurses that controls the training, registration and discipline of nurses and midwives for the practise of both profession in Malaysia. Students are advised to check with professional bodies for further information. Nursing Board Malaysia Ministry of Health Level 3, Block E1 Parcel E, Precint 1 Federal Government Administrative Centre 62518 Putrajaya Telephone : +6 03 8883 1323 Facsimile : +6 03 8883 1321 Nursing Courses in Australia AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY Australian Catholic University University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES Australian Catholic University Charles Sturt University Southern Cross University University of Newcastle University of New England University of Sydney University of Technology, Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Wollongong QUEENSLAND Australian Catholic University Central Queensland University Griffith University James Cook University Queensland University of Technology University of Queensland University of Southern Queensland University of Sunshine Coast NORTHERN TERRITORY Charles Darwin University SOUTH AUSTRALIA Flinders University University of South Australia University of Adelaide TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Australian Catholic University Deakin University La Trobe University Monash University RMIT University University of Ballarat University of Melbourne Victoria University WESTERN AUSTRALIA Curtin University of Technology Edith Cowan University University of Notre Dame University of Western Australia AEI Malaysia has attempted to ensure the accuracy of all information contained in this publication 23

Pharmacy The practice of pharmacy is a vital part of a complete health care system. It includes the study of research, development, quality-assured supply and the effective use of medication. The number of people requiring health care services has steadily increased and this trend is likely to continue. Due to many society s changing social and health issues, men and women in pharmacy will face new challenges, expanded responsibilities and ever increasing growth in opportunities. Academic prerequisites Often, the course entry requirement is strong academic performance in Chemistry, Mathematics and English at pre-university level although Biology or Human Biology also provides valuable preparation for the course. The curriculum in pharmacy is very broad based but essentially it covers medicinal chemistry (chemistry of drugs); pharmacology (the action of drugs); pharmaceutics (the prevention and delivery of drugs) and pharmacy practice. Course fees/duration Course fees for pharmacy range from A$20,000 to A$27,300 per year. Pharmacy is a four-year program. Some universities award the degree with honours to students who achieve sufficiently high overall grades either throughout the duration of the course or in the final year while others select a limited number of their students in the third year to undertake an honours stream but still allowing them to graduate at the same time as students taking the regular stream. For a few other universities, the honours program is an additional year where the entry requirement is the completion of the four-year pharmacy degree with a high GPA achievement. Most of the universities require their students to have fieldwork placements and students often spend more time on these as they progress towards their final years. Double degrees The combination of a pharmacy degree with another degree is rare but possible. Career opportunities Pharmacists can be found in various establishments in both the public and private sectors. Hospital pharmacists work closely with doctors and medical 24 Pharmacy