SVPRIBOR ALFA DSL Users Manual
TABLE OF CONTENTS THE GENERAL INORMATION... 3 EXPLOITATION CONDITIONS... 3 CHARACTERISTICS... 3 PACKING LIST... 4 SOKCETS PANNEL... 5 CONTROL... 6 TURNING ON THE DEVICE... 7 POWERED OF THE DEVICE... 7 ADSL technique... 8 ADSL TEST... 10 BRIDGE... 12 SEARCHING OF THE CABLE INSULATION FAULT... 13 The technique of search... 13 Measurement of the insulation fault location... 14 TDR... 16 PRINCIPLE OF WORK... 16 TRACE VIEWING... 18 Zoom and the cable map... 20 INSTALLATIONS FOR A DISTANCE MEASUREMENT... 20 MEASUREMENT OF THE DISTANCE... 21 OPERATING MODE... 22 Work in the mode of the united input and output... 22 Work in the mode of the separate input and output... 22 Estimation of the characteristic impedance... 22 Recording of trace... 22 INFORMATION... 23 WARRANTY INFORMATION... 23 2
THE GENERAL INORMATION ALFA DSL is used for: ADSL TEST: ADSL Handshake DSLAM ANNEX A+B and Measuring: SNR Insertion Loss Bitrate (BRP) Downstream and Upstream Spectrum Annex A & Annex B. Protocols: ADSL ADSL2 ADSL2+ TDR and Bridge: Measuring of insulation resistance, loop, omic asymmetry, electrical capacity of all cable types. Definition of the distance to the lowered insulation resistance location; Definition of the open-cable or wire reversing location; In the device are realized: ADSL modem TDR BRIDGE VOLTMETER for voltage control in line. Output of the results in digital and graphical kind. The fault location is shown and the splices are designated on the cable map. The memory store 50 cable gauges, 35 000 pairs of scheduled measurements. USB link EXPLOITATION CONDITIONS Ambient temperature from -20 to +50 ºС Relative air humidity till 90% under 30 о С Atmospheric pressure from 86 to 106 kpa CHARACTERISTICS TDR The range of measured distances at VF 0,67 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 5120, 10240, 20480, 30720 m The maximal error of distance definition 1 1% Blocked loss Not less 80 db Measuring pulse amplitude Not less 10V Duration of a measuring pulse 10 30000 ns Output resistance 27 400 Ohm Range of VF (Velocity Factor) 0,150 1,000 1 Then the device is working without zoom the error of distance measurement is maximal. In this case the error is defined by the screen resolution. To reduce the error you should use the zoom for more accurate cursor positioning. Hardware error of distance measuring is very small in comparison with cursors positioning error. 3
BRIGE Range of insulation resistance measurement Range of electrical capacity Range of loop resistance measurement Test voltage Range of insulation in a place of fault Range of voltage measurement The maximal error of definition of distance to an insulation fault location The maximal error of loop resistance measurement in a range The maximal error of omic asymmetry measurement The maximal error of insulation resistance measurement 1 kоhм 50000 MOhm 0,1 2000 nf 0 10 kоhm 400 V, 180 V 0 20 MOhm 0 300 V insulation fault = 0 3 MOhm 0,1%+1m 0 3000 Ohm 0,1%+0,1 Ohm 3 kohm 10 kohm 0,1 kohm 0,1%+0,1 Ohm 2%+1 kohm The general parameters Power source Consumption power not more Dimensions (mm) Weight PACKING LIST What you will find when you unpack shipping box: 7,2V 4,4 Ah Li-Ion 5 W 130х170х85 1,3 kg The device ALFA DSL Carrying case Set of wires AC/DC Adaptor Accumulator (already installed in the device) Instruction Manual Software 4
SOKCETS PANNEL «12V» «POWER» «USB» Socket for connection of an external feed Power ON/OFF Socket for maintenance of communication with a computer MODEM Modem Socket for connection to DSLAM «A», «B», «C» Sockets for BRIGE measuring wires «INPUT» «INPUT/OUTPUT» TDR input in an operating mode with the separated input and output Measuring pulse generator output and TDR input in a combined mode «Z 0» Output impedance matching potentiometer The design of a carrying bag provides an opportunity of socket connection, not taking out the device from a bag. 5
CONTROL The keys on the front panel are controlling the device. The keys are divided into 3 groups: The keys turning on measuring modes. Press here The bottom part of the pictogram concerns to TDR operating. Navigating keys and [OK]. Navigating keys are moves on the screen, [OK] key starts the chosen item. Pocket key for cable parameters One touch MENU1 switch on the operating of the measuring screen parameters in each mode. Two touch MENU2 the admission to cables library, to scheduled measurements and to PC communications. Backlight ON/OFF 6
TURNING ON THE DEVICE To turn ON the device press the [POWER] key on the sockets panels. On the screen: By key select the Mode and press the [OK]. To turn OFF the device press the [POWER] key. POWERED OF THE DEVICE Accumulators charging. Connect AC/DC Adapter to 12V socket. The indicator show charging process. Battery replacement. The voltage control. To define a power supply voltage you should to press the [MENU 1] key. In the bottom line in the Menu 1 in any mode there is information about the power supply voltage. Admissible values for the accumulator battery from 6 V up to 8,6 V. During measurements the device will beep that means the accumulators discharge and after that the device will turn off automatically. Auto power down. Above the information about the accumulator voltage in the Menu 1 it is informed, is the mode of auto power down is turned on or off - <Auto power down YES/NO>. It is possible to cancel it and to turn on again an auto power down by pressing the [ОК] key. Auto power down works, if the keys are not pressed during 10 minutes. 7
ADSL technique Annex A bin khz 0 0 4,3125 Voice 1 6 4,3125 25,875 Select Voice from ADSL 7 32 25,875 138 Upstream 33 255 (511 ADSL2 +) 138 1104 (2208 ADSL2+) Downstream 8
Annex B bin khz 1 27 0 120 Voice, Security 28 64 120 276 Upstream 59 255 (511 for ADSL2+) 254 1104 (2208 for ADSL2+) Downstream 9
ADSL TEST Link Modem Socket on the sockets panels to ADSL-line for connection of DSLAM To turn on the device press the [POWER] key on the sockets panels select <ADSL-MODEM> and press the [OK] key select <Annex A> or <Annex B> and press the [OK] key Modem will start the automatic work is shown on the screen: 10
The result is in the text o graphic form: In graphic: Noise, SNR, bit - select The noice (for example) auto defined: ADSL/ADSL2/ADSL2+ upstream downstream bin cursor MENU2 to keep the result in memory (up to 50 protocols): 11
BRIDGE Measuring modes KEY Screen INSULATION Measuring of the insulation resistance. Key the measuring cycle AC-BC-AB switching lines. [OK] key turning on the filter. To select the switching lines press the keys. CAPACITY Measuring of an electrical capacity. Key the measuring cycle AC-BC-AB switching lines. [OK] key turning on the filter. To select the switching lines press the keys. LOOP Measuring of the loop resistance A-B and of the omic asymmetry (MENU1). [OK] key turning on the filter. FAULT Measuring of the distance to the insulation fault location. VOLTMETER Measuring of the cable voltage in AC-BC-AB switching lines. The generator is in MENU1. The [ОК] key turns on / off the generator signal for searching of the pair on the far-end with frequency about 500 Hz. 12
SEARCHING OF THE CABLE INSULATION FAULT The technique of search The measuring hookup is shown on the figure. Measuring lead from a socket B connect to a faulted wire, a lead A connect to a good returnwire, a lead C connect to a cable sheath. The wire with bad insulation on the far-end is connected with good wire. On loop АВ the device applies a test voltage refer a cable sheath. Through the B wire the direct current flow on the cable sheath through faulted section resistance. Thus there is a potential difference between plugs A and B which depends on distance to fault and faulted section resistance. The device makes a precision measurement of a potential difference and leakage current, makes a filtration and data averaging for noise influence elimination and calculate the distance from a place of device connection to fault location. The device is allow with high accuracy to define distance to an insulation flaw location with defect contact resistance from 0 to 20 МОhм in condition Rlk_a>400Rlk_b. K-factor <0,005. Kupfmuller If all wires are faulted when Rlk_a<400Rlk_b and K-factor >0,005. This is the case of Kupfmuller method. Measuring of K-factor and Kupfmuller method are integrated in one measuring process to define the distance to the insulation fault location. The accurate distance definition is possible if K<1. If Rlk_a resistance of rather "good" wire Ra less than 20kOhm then the error is sharply increases and a method can be used only for approximate orientation in faulted splice searching. In this case we recommend to use TDR measurements or to use an auxiliary cable. 13
Measurement of the insulation fault location Measurements are always made in three stages 1. Searching of a good wire. Wire C connect to an cable sheath. At no-load you must to search a wire with the lowered insulation by the wire B, controlling the insulation resistance in the line ВС. After choose a good wire by the wire A, controlling the insulation resistance in the line AC. The relation of their resistance should not be worse than 400. To check up a relation, measure K-factor by the key (the help is on the screen near with "K") which should not be more than 0,005. 2. Turn on the LOOP mode, close a loop on the far-end between bad and good wire. Control the quality of the far-end connection according to the device indications. Then, after connection, start loop measurement by the filter using the [OK] key. The filter work obligatory! The note: At the top of the screen the device shows a cable length. 3. Turn on FAULT mode and start the fault searching by pressing the [OK] key. After the running line work the device will show distance to an insulation fault. In the top part of the screen the cable map is show there is the fault. The distance to a cable low insulation X you can see below. The symbol near the X (a or b) show there is a wire fault: the leads A or B are connected to this wire. In the line Kxb there is displayed the result calculated by the K-factor. If you sure, that all wires are faulted in the same place (Kupfmuller case), and it is not possible to pick up a wire with good insulation, you can make your calculation with K-factor. If you see in the big window the inscription Rf>20МОhм,then there is no contact between C lead and cable sheath or the faulted section resistance is more than tolerated resistance, then it is possible to make an appropriate distance measurement. Check up the connection of a C wire and a cable sheath. If you have restored contact, the device will automatically start the measurement. 14
How to find distance in percentage length This is mode «Cable 100%». It is by default at turning on the device. Therefore it is possible to make a measurement immediately. The result shows in % of length. Distance in meters. Input of the cable length To receive result in meters, it is necessary to enter a known cable length into «Cable 100%». Press the pocket key The device will show that you are work with «Cable 100%» and will indicate a line <cable length>. Press [ОК] and enter the necessary length, using helps in the bottom lines on the screen. And then makes the measurements. How to calculate a cable length on cable type and temperature In the MENU2 choose item <Cable selection> Press [ОК]. Choose <Cable type>. Press [ОК]. <Cable type> is in the pocket. Press the pocket key In item <Type> choose the necessary cable type. Now it is necessary to establish a ground temperature in <t 0 C ground> item. 15
TDR TDR is used for definition of the distance to the place of wave resistance changing for all cable type. The device can be used for: Measurement of the distance to the place of cable fault. Definition of fault type Definition of the cable length Measurement of VF. PRINCIPLE OF WORK The principle of the device work is based on the known physical phenomenon of reflecting of voltage measuring pulse from heterogeneity of wave resistance of an investigated cable. Thus the fault location can be calculated from the time between the moment of the measuring pulse beginning and the moment of reflected pulse acceptance, if propagation velocity in lines is known. The propagation velocity for reflectometry is traditionally designated by VF (or VOP) VF=V/C. Here is C - velocity of light in vacuum, V - propagation velocity of an electromagnetic wave in an investigated cable. For the most cable type the VF is vary from 0,33 to 1. The type of fault can be defined from the form of reflected pulse. Thus on the pulse form are influence the loss and a dispersion of a cable. On enough long or much faulted cables the reflected signal can be very loosed. In the device there is the opportunity of preliminary echo gaining. The device connected to a cable is heterogeneity too. To eliminate a parasitic echo-signal use the controlled load MATCH. Rotating a potentiometer [MATCH] it is possible to achieve a significant loss of repeated reflections. Necessity of the match is most actual for short lines. The device can work in two modes: with the united and separated outputs for applying of the measuring pulse and supervision of the reflected signal. The mode with the united input/output is most often used. You can locate the most of heterogeneity from observable trace. To achieve the maximal performance it is necessary to connect the device to pair. The channel "wire- shield" have a great loss factor and a level of noise. On short distances it is necessary to use a short pulses, on greater - longer. The device setup itself the optimum pulse width depending on the chosen range. However you can operatively change this parameter for reception of more precise picture. 16
In a mode of separate inputs the measuring pulse is transferred in a line through a socket [INPUT/OUTPUT]. The reflected signal is enter the device through other socket [INPUT]. In this mode is possible the estimation of contact influence of the line on which is applied the measuring pulse on other line in which the induced signal is observed. Also this mode is useful for searching of wire reversing location (split). The pulse is propagate in the line and reaches a wire reversing location, which is characterized by a sharp increasing of electromagnetic communication between the pairs. As a result you can see a characteristic signal on the trace. 17
TRACE VIEWING Controlling of the screen: To displace the active cursor, press the keys. To switching the activity between zero and measuring cursors press the [OK] key. Vertical displacement of the trace keys. 18
The operative controlling of the traces viewing is carried out by the tool keys: Purpose key screen PULSE To change the width the keys To exit from the mode [OK]. RANGE Changing the keys To exit from the mode [OK]. GAIN Changing the keys To exit from the mode [OK]. ZOOM Changing the keys To exit from the mode [OK]. MAP Changing the keys To exit from the mode the repeated pressing of the key. Turn ON/OFF the zoom 19
Zoom and the cable map The picture can be zoomed around the active cursor. There is a label above the cursor. If the label is above the zero cursor, press [ОК] - the label will rise above the measuring cursor. You can move the cursor by the keys. Having located the cursor to an area which you wish to zoom, press the [ZOOM]. Press the keys, thus the zoom will increase in 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,... times. You will see only increased part of the traces. To output from the zoom changing mode press the [OK] key. To see all the cable, press the [MAP] key. Repeated pressing will cause the restoration of the established zoom around of the active cursor. You can see either all cable length or a zoom area. In a MAP mode the device displays a cable map, and the screen becomes like shown in figure. If the cable is put in to the Library, then you can know about splice location along the cable from the map at the bottom of the traces. If the cable section is have a various VF, then at moving of the measuring cursor from a section to section the displayed value VF will also change. INSTALLATIONS FOR A DISTANCE MEASUREMENT Press the pocket key The device will show that you are work with a default Cable «Short cable» it is necessary to establish VF and length of your cable. Choose item by the key. To enter press - [OK]. If the VF is unknown, the device will establish it on a known cable length. The device can set (pick up) VF if the exact cable length is known. Choose item <to pick up VF> by the key. To enter press - [OK]. Move cursor to end of cable and select VF. 20
MEASUREMENT OF THE DISTANCE Measurement of the distance must be made after setting of VF or selecting of a cable from the Library. Measurement of distance is always carried out between two cursors. For measurement of the distance from the cable beginning to heterogeneity it is necessary to make a zero cursor become an active. Above the zero cursor there should be a label. If there is no label, press [ОК] - and label will appear above the zero cursor. Establish the cursor on the beginning of a measuring pulse by the keys. Then pressing the [ОК] key switch to the measuring cursor and establish it on the beginning of the reflected pulse. Cursors should be established on the pulse beginning, instead of on a maximum (top) of a pulse. For more exact positioning of the cursors it is recommended to use the zoom. TDR is showing a cable map under the traces. If you will enter a section quantity on a splice number then you can see the splices on a cable map. In case of single-section cable, all sections must have an identical VF. Working with sections you have an advantages: displaying of splice location on a cable map; An automatic calculation of distance depends on various VF of different sections; the opportunity to certificate the cable facilities. 21
OPERATING MODE Work in the mode of the united input and output The mode selection is carried out in the Menu1. In <Input> item select <Combined> pressing the [ОК] key. In this case the measuring pulse is transferred in a cable through a socket [INPUT/OUTPUT]. The reflected signal is removed from the same socket. <Combined> mode is automatically established at turning on the device. Work in the mode of the separate input and output In the Menu1 in item <Input> select <Separate>. The measuring pulse is transferred in a line through a socket [INPUT/OUTPUT]. The reflected signal is come into the device through other socket [INPUT]. Estimation of the characteristic impedance To estimate the characteristic impedance you should to match TDR with a cable. It is necessary to loss as much as possible the repeated reflection (repeated echo) using the handle [MATCH] which is on the socket panel. Having achieved the best coordination, press the [Menu 1] key. In <MATCH> item will be displayed the size of matching resistor in Ohms. It is equal to the cable wave resistance. Recording of trace In the MENU2 there is a records list accordingly to the chosen cable in <Cable selection>. It is possible to change the records name, for example, «splice_12». The list of traces is connected with the chosen cable. When you select another cable the list is also changes. 22
INFORMATION In Menu2 in <INFORMATION> item you will see the service facilities. WARRANTY INFORMATION The device is warranted for 12 months after date of shipment from the seller to the original purchaser. This warranty does not extend to the accumulators. Please refer to address: 170043, TVER, box 43100 SVPRIBOR Phone / fax +7(4822) 425491 / 725276, http://www.svpribor.ru Technical support service: support@svpribor.ru 23