1. VOCATIONAL TRAINING SYSTEM

1. VOCATIONAL TRAINING SYSTEM

University Doctoral degree (Ph.D) Master 1º - 2º Degree 1st 4th High vocational training Languages: High Secondary Education: High School 1st 2nd Intermediate vocational training Intermediate Compulsory Secondary Educ. E.S.O 1st 2nd 3rd 4th Basic vocational training Basic Primary School: Early Childhood Education: 1º - 6º (6-12 years old) 0-6 years old

SPANISH VOCATIONAL TRAINING SYSTEM The studies more related with employment and the labor market are the vocational training. Currently due to its wide offer, to its modularity and facilities to course them, even by the Internet, make them an option very attractive with a high percentage of job placement. The Spanish education system, offers today around 150 training qualifications, which combine training and practices in different professional fields.

Added value of Vocational Training compared with other teachings: Promotes life-long learning. Combines theoretical and practical teaching to "do things" instead of using only the purely theoretical aspects. Consolidates the entrepreneurial spirit to perform activities and business ventures. Teach how to work in safe and healthy conditions, and prevent potential risks from work as well. Facilitates the international mobility of students and workers. Promotes equal opportunities for men and women by accessing to a type of training that enables all kinds of career options for everybody, regardless the gender. Fits personal needs and interests.

VOCATIONAL TRAINING TEACHINGS I.-Specific professional modules of Initial Vocational Training Programs. II. Intermediate vocational training modules. III.- High vocational training cycles. IV.- Specialization Courses (regulation not published yet).

Courses related with the ICT sector are offered in the Community of Madrid: Basic (Initial vocational training programs): Installation of Telecommunications. Telecommunications and computing Systems. Microcomputing Systems and Networks. Management of Network Computing Systems Cross-Platform Application Development. Web Application Development. Intermediate Vocational Training: Microcomputing Systems and Networks Technician. High Vocational Training: Senior Technical in management of Network computing Systems. Senior Technical in Cross-Platform Application Development. Senior Technical in Web Application Development.

ACCESS REQUIREMENTS Intermediate vocational training cycles Hold a secondary education qualification. Hold a Technician degree or Technician Assistant degree. Having passed the second year of the Old high school system (BUP). Having passed the Entrance exam for intermediate vocational training cycles (required to be at least 17 years old during the year in which the test is taken). High vocational training cycles Hold a High School degree. Hold a Senior Technician or Specialist Technician degree. Having passed the old University Orientation Course (COU). Having passed the Entrance examination to high level training (required to to be at least 19 years old during the year in which the test is taken, or 18 if he/she has an Intermediate vocational training degree).

ACCESS WAYS Class Regular attendance at authorized centers. Through an online platform and tutored by teachers. No need to take the teachings of the Vocational Training neither in person or distance. In person. On distance. Free Entrance Exams.

GRANTS AND SCHOOLARSHIPS Autonomous Community Education Ministry Special Educative Needs (Ministry) High vocational training Intermediate vocational training - Extraordinary prize. - Grant salary. - Transportation grants. - Accommodation grants. - Books grants. - Scholarship for subsidized and private schools enrolment. - Grant salary. - Transportation grants. - Residence grants. - Books grants. - Scholarship for subsidized and private schools enrolment. -Teaching grants -Transportation grants. -Room and board grants. -Books grants. Basic bocational training - Transport grants. - Books grants. - Lunch grants. -Maintenance grants. -Pedagogical or language rehabilitation.

SOME STATISTICS The largest increase in enrollments have occurred in the remote Vocational Training, about 30,947 students enrolled in the 2010/2011 school year with a growth of 70% over the previous year. It is expected that this increase goes higher by the Vocational Training remote online platform of the Ministry of Education and the Autonomous Communities. The growth in demand, both by students and businesses, is compensated by increasing places and teachings in Vocational Training. Currently Vocational Training studies are recognized as one of the most qualified, highlighting the internships in enterprises (training at Workplaces), which allows to incorporate aspects of training that couldn t be addressed in the classrooms and increase the probability of a job placement.

2. PRIVATE TRAINING IN THE ICT SECTOR

PRIVATE TRAINING PROVIDERS IN THE ICT SECTOR University Studies Companies specialized in high-level training (Master) Academies and computer companies Technology Centers Business Schools Business Associations and Trade Unions NON FORMAL TRAINING Professionals Associations

ICT TRAINING APPLICANTS IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR In the field of ICT training we can distinguish the following types of applicants based on the following services: Formal training students (from vocational training and universities) seeking to obtain the initial degree for the access the labor market. ICT sector professionals who need to update their knowledge, because the dynamism of technologies and products used by the companies. Professionals from other sectors that require an approach to ICTs to improve their professional performance. Companies that decide to provide customized training actions. Unemployed seeking to achieve an improvement in their skills, or even a total retraining to improve their employability. Other groups of ICT users seeking to improve their knowledge and skills for their own hobby or curiosity.

3. ICT SECTOR AND EMPLOYMENT IN SPAIN

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ICT SECTOR EMPLOYMENT IN SPAIN Employment vacancies In 2008-2010, the weight of the job vacancies for ICT professionals decreased, from 58.8% to 54.3% of total job vacancies in the sector. 2008 2010 ICT professionals with high vocational training degress in the area of Computing are those with greater job opportunities in the ICT sector. Since 2008, jobs that require years of work experience increase their presence. Thus, in 2010 26% of vacancies required3 or more years of work experience, compared to 11.4% in 2008.

Labor conditions Regarding the working conditions for the job vacancies, permanent contracts highlights (offered in 53.2% of the jobs in 2010) being the average maximum salary levels ( 26,788.26 before taxes per year for ICT professionals and 25,442.35 for other professionals). Permanent contracts Other contracts However, because of the crisis changes in the working conditions have been detected, with a reduction in permanent contracts, a decrease in full-time work, and the fall of the maximum wage that the industry is willing to pay.

Qualifications and occupational area required for the job vacancies in the ICT sector in Spain To analyze the type of qualification required for these jobs, there are 3 indicators: Minimum education level required to perform the job offered. Studies area corresponding to the job position. Years of work experience candidate must to possess to fill the vacancy. In 2010 the minimum level of education required to cover 30% of the job vacancies offered in the ICT sector corresponded to high vocational training, while for 24.6% of them a college degree (technical engineering or diploma) was required. In third place highlights the intermediate vocational training, requested in 13.3% of the cases, followed by job vacancies requiring at most lower secondary education, representing 12.4% of the total.