INGLESE MEDICO PARTI DEL CORPO



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INGLESE MEDICO PARTI DEL CORPO Addome Abdomen, tummy - Duodenum - Duodeno - Gall bladder/ cholecyst - Colecisti - Kidney (Right, Left kidney) - Rene - Liver - Fegato - Lungs - Polmoni - Spleen - Milza - Stomach -Stomaco Alluce Great Toe Anca Hip Arti Ascella Armpit Caviglia Ankle Coscia Thigh Dita Toes (piedi) - Fingers (mani) Fianco Side Ginocchio Knee Gomito Elbow Guancia Cheek Inguine Groin Intestino Bowel Mascella Jaw Mento Chin Narici Nostrils Ombelico Navel Palpebre Eyelid Polso Wrist Schiena Back Sopracciglio Eyebrow Spalla Shoulder Tallone Heel Torace Chest Trachea Windpipe Tronco Trunk - Superiori upper limbs: arms - Inferiori lower limbs: legs Parti della Mano Pollice Thumb Indice Fore-finger Medio Middle-finger Anulare Ring-finger Mignolo Little-finger Unghia Nail Palmo Palm Nocca - Knucle 1

Health Aches and Pain Disease - Malattia Morbid entity (entità morboide) Illness - Period of sickness Disorder - Disturbo di una funzione che ne comporta l irregolarità (Eating Disorder DISTURBO DELL ALIMENTAZIONE) Disability Disturbo di una funzione che ne comporta la perdita. Developmental Disabilities Disturbi che si manifestano prima dei 18 anni. Learning Disabilities DYSLEXIA*, DYSCALCULIA, DYSGRAPHIA, WRITING DISABILITY *Difference between SPEECH and LANGUAGE Speech Comunicare attraverso le parole Language Creare ed articolare suoni con significato Delay Ritardo Retardation Ritardo Mentale Deficiency Deficienza Mental Deficiency Deficienza Mentale Pain Dolore Gripping Pain - Acuto, lancinante (Grip=morsa) Dull Pain - Sordo Sharp Pain - Dolore tagliente (Sharp=affilato) Stabbing Pain - Molto tagliente, intense e continuo (to stab = Accoltellare) To Hurt v.d.v. DOLERE (Mi duole il braccio My arm hurts ; Le duole il piede Her foot hurts) Ache Male ( to ache = sentir male, sentire dolore ) Headache, Stomachache, Backache, Toothache Mal di testa, Mal di stomaco, Mal di schiena, Mal di denti Heartache Mal di cuore (Umore, sentimento) TO BECOME BETTER AFTER ILLNESSES Injury Ferita, menomazione Wound Ferita riportata in battaglia o colluttazione Cut Taglio Scratch Graffio Scar Cicatrice Bruise - Livido To get better (I m much better now) To recover (I m recovered slowly) To make a rapid recovery 2

Sickness - - - sin. ILLNESS To feel sick 1. Star male, 2. Avere la nausea I feel sick = HO LA NAUSEA. -Sick Suffisso: Airsick, Carsick, Seasick Mal d aria, Mal d auto, Mal di mare Homesickness Nostalgia di casa PHARMACOLOGICAL FORMS Polvere Powder Pillole Pills Compresse Tablets Capsule Capsules Sciroppo Syrup Effetti collaterali Side Effects Controindicazioni Controindications Gocce oculari Eye-drops Antidolorifico Pain-killer Antibiotico Antibiotic Vaccino vaccine Sedativo Sedative Sonnifero Sleeping pills Crema Cream Gocce Drops Supposte Suppositories Prescrizione Prescription Drug Farmaco, Droga Addiction Dipendenza (Tossico-dipendente, Dipendenza da droge = Drug-addicted, Drugaddiction) TO ADMINISTER A DRUG Somministrare un farmaco Come sta? how do you feel? Cosa c è che non va? what s wrong? Dove le fa male? Where does it hurts? Dove le duole? Where is it sore? Da quando? since when? Cosa lo migliorare? what makes it better? ASKING 3

Cosa lo fa peggiorare? what makes it worse? Mi faccia vedere dove è il problema Show me where the problem is. Sta in un solo punto o si sposta? Does it stay in one place, or does it go anywhere else? Com è il dolore? What is the pain like? Può descrivermi il dolore? Can you describe the pain? È continuo od intermittente? Is it continuous or does it came and go? Ogni quanto? how often? Quanto dura? how long does it last? Potrebbe mettersi sul divano e stendersi sull addome? would you like to get onto the couch and lie on your tummy? Potrebbe togliersi i suoi vestiti di sopra? would you like to slip off your top things, please? ON EXAMINATION Si sieda sit down Si alzi - stand up Si sdrai lay down (on your back, on your side: sulla schiena,di fianco) Si rilassi relax Si pieghi in avanti bend forward Apra/chiuda open/close (your mouth, your eyes) Respiri come me breath like I do Usare sempre la forma di Respiri profondamente breath deeply cortesia PLEASE all inizio Dica 33 say 99 o alla fine di ogni frase, Faccia come me do like I do possibilmente insieme a Stenda il suo - stretch your (arm, leg) SIR, o MADAM. Alzi il suo - lift up your Tenga il suo fermo keep your still Stia calmo keep calm Guardi. look at (the ceiling, my finger= IL SOFFITTO, IL MIO DITO) Salga sul - get onto Soffre di? Do you suffer from? Ha mai sofferto di? Have you ever been suffering from? È allergico a qualcosa? Are you allergic to something*? --- Have you an allergy to something? È affetto da? Are you affected by.? SOCIAL HISTORY (PRESENT) Fuma? do you smoke? Ha mai fumato? have you ever smoked? Quanto fuma al giorno? how much do you smoke a day? Da quanto fuma? how long have you been smoking? 4

Beve? do you drink? Quanto al giorno? how much each day? Ha mai usato droghe? have you ever used drugs? Quail? which ones? SOCIAL HISTORY (PAST) Ha mai avuto (malattia)? have you ever had (fever, gout, pain)? Ha mai subito un operazione? have you ever had an operation? È mai stato in ospedale? have you ever been hospitalized? Sta prendendo farmaci/droghe? are you taking medicines/drugs Ha mai preso droghe illegali? have you taken illegal drugs? E vaccinato contro la varicella? are you vaccinated against chicken-pox? Si è vaccinato contro la varicella ieri? Did you vaccinate against chicken-pox yesterday? FAMILY HISTORY Qualcuno nella sua famiglia ha mai avuto. does anyone in your family had o epilepsy? o headache/migraine? o cancer? o stroke? (infarto) o heart diseases? o hypertension? MEDICAL HISTORY Ha qualche problema con il suo stomaco o con l intestino? have you any trouble with your stomach or your bowels? Ha qualche problema nella minzione? have you any problem with your waterworks? Continua ad avere il suo ciclo regolarmente? are you still having your period regulary? Nessun dolore al petto, palpitazioni, gonfiore alle caviglie? any pain in the chest, any palpitation, or swelling of the ankles? Suda? do you sweat? Da quanto tempo ha avuto questa febbre? how long have you had this temperature? E la febbre è sempre costante o va e viene? and is the temperature there all the time, or it come and goes? E cosa riguardo la sua tosse, o asma, o fiato corto? and what about your cough, or wheezing*, or shortness of breath? Di che umore è stato recentemente? what sort of mood have you been recently? *Wheezing è un termine onomatopeico intraducibile per esprimere il suono prodotto dal respire di un asmatico. ASMA in inglese si traduce ASTHMA. 5

NURSING AND EXAMINING ENGLISH È preferibile sempre usare la forma I m going to per far capire al paziente cosa si ha intenzione di fare per non spaventarlo. Fare una ignezione a qualcuno I m going to give someone an injection Testare la sua pressione sanguigna I m going to test his/her blood pressure Prendere la temperature I m going to take temperature Dare medicine I m going to give you a...(medicine) Medicare la ferita - I m going to dress the wound Controllare il polso - I m going to check the pulse Raccogliere campioni - I m going to collect samples* Testare i riflessi - I m going to test your reflexes Testare i riflessi colpendo il ginocchio con un piccolo martello - I m going to text your reflexes by tapping your knee with this little hammer Dare un colpetto al... - I m going to give a little tap on your... Esaminare la bocca - I m going to examine your mouth Prendersi cura di qualcuno, in inglese, è generalmente tradotto con take care of, oppure con look after ; tuttavia ci sono altri significati attribuibili al verbo look, ed al verbo to care. Nurses take care of patients in hospitals. PRENDERSI CURA, SOSTITUIBILE CON LOOK AFTER Le infermiere si prendono cura dei pazienti negli ospedali. I don t care for strawberries. PIACERE, SOSTITUIBILE CON LIKE Non mi piacciono le fragole I don t care about your opinion. INTERESSARE Non mi interessa la tua opinione I ll never speack to you again. I don t care. INTERESSARE Non ti parlero mai piu. Non mi interessa I was looking for you. CERCARE Ti stavo cercando Look at the ceiling, please GUARDARE Guardi il soffitto, per favore 6

INSTRUMENTS Siringa syringe Laccio emostatico tourniquet Ago needle Cotone idrofilo cotton wool Forbici - scissors Padella bed pan Pannolino per incontinenti incontinence pad Pappagallo urinal Pinze forceps Guanti di lattice lattex gloves Camice uniform MEDICAL SPECIALTIES AND HOSPITAL JOBS Surgery surgeon Cardiology cardiologist Anaesthetic anestetist Neurosurgery neurosurgeon Internal medicine physician Geriatrics geriatrician Dermatology dermatologist Pediatrics pediatrician Psychiatry psychiatrist Ostetrics - ostetrician Le specialties che finiscono in y, ad eccezione di surgery e anaesthetic, hanno il mestiere che finisce in ist. Le specialties che finiscono in ics, hanno il mestiere che finisce in ian. Male nurse/nurse infermiere Headnurse caposala Conasultant specialista, primario GP medico generico Healt-care operator collaboratori sanitari Healt director direttore sanitario Midwife ostetrica (paramedico) 7

TECHNICAL VS COMMON NAMES VARICELLA CHICKEN-POX VARICELLA RUBELLA GERMAN MEASLES ROSOLIA MORBIL MEASLES MORBILLO INFECTIOUS PAROTITIS MUMPS ORECCHIONI ACUTE LARYNGOTHRACHEITIS CROUP LARINGOTRACHEITE ACUTA POLIOMYELITIS POLIO POLIOMIELITE SCARLATINA SCARLET FEVER SCARLATTINA GASTRALGIA STOMACHACHE GASTRALGIA MIGRAINE, HEMICRANIA HEADACHE - EMICRANIA MEDICAL ITALIAN VS MEDICAL ENGLISH Il suffisso italiano -ite è annesso alla radice della parola che genericamente indica un organo o una parte del corpo infiammata. Il corrispettivo inglese di tale suffisso è il suffisso -itis. APPENDICE APPENDIX APPENDICITIS VESCICA BLADDER CYSTITIS COLON COLON COLITIS STOMACO-INTESTINI STOMACH-BOWELS GASTRO-ENTERITIS RETINA RETINA RETINITIS POLMONI LUNGS PNEUMONIA CARTILAGINE DELLE GIUNTURE CARTILAGE OF THE JOINTS ARTRITIS TESSUTI MOLLI DELLA BOCCA SOFT TISSUES OF THE MOUTH - STOMATITIS COLECISTI CHOLECYST, GALLBLADDER CHOLECYSTITIS 8

CNS (CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM) NEUROGICAL DISEASES CONVULSIONI convulsions DEMENZA, INTORPIDIMENTO numbness TREMORI tremors EPILESSIA epilepsy SVENIMENTI fainting spells PARALISI paralysis VISTA SFOCATA blurred vision CRISI EPILETTICHE epileptic fit* PARALISI CEREBRALE CP (cerebral palsy) VERTIGINI dizziness * FIT: a sudden attack of certain diseases in which you became unconscious. If you feel that you re going to be unconscious, you feel FAINT GUS (GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM ) AND DIGESTIVE SYSTEM DISEASES DIARREA diarrhea INDIGESTIONE indigestion BRUCIORE DI STOMACO heartburn NAUSEA nausea VOMITO - vomiting ITTERIZIA - jaundice CALCOLI BILIARI gall-stones CONSTIPAZIONE constipation EPATITE - hepatitis EMORROIDI - hemorrhoids MALATTIA VENEREA venereal disease GONORREA - gonorrhea ULCERE - ulcers COLITE - colitis GASTRITE gastritis RS (RESPIRATORY SYSTEM) DISEASES RAFFREDDORE - cold RESPIRO AFFANNOSO difficulty breathing INFLUENZA - flu TOSSE SECCA dry cough ENFISEMA - emphysema MAL DI GOLA sore throat 9

ASMA - asthma POLMONITE - pneumonia MUCO phlegm CVS (CARDIO-VASCULAR SYSTEM) DISEASES DOLORI AL PETTO chest pain PALPITAZIONI - palpitation ATTACCO CARDIACO heart attack DIFFICOLTA RESPIRATORIE shortness of breath ACRONIMS CAT COMPUTED AXIAL TOMOGRAPHY TAC CBC COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT EMOCROMO COMPLETO CT COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY TC Dx DIAGNOSIS ECG ELECTROCARDIOGRAM ECG EEG ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM EEG ENT EAR NOSE THROAT ORL OtoRinoLaringo-iatria Fx FRACTURE Hx HISTORY ANAMNESI KUB KIDNEY URETER BLADDER RENE URETRA - VESCICA N&V NAUSEA AND VOMIT Sx SYNPTOMS U/A URINE ANALYSIS ANALISI DELLE URINE WNL WITHIN NORMAL LIMITS NEI LIMITI DELLA NORMA CVS CARDIO VASCULAR SYSTEM SISTEMA CARDIO-VASCOLARE GUS GENITO-URINARY SYSTEM SISTEMA GENITALE-URINARIO CNS CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM SISTEMA NERVOSO CENTRALE RS RESPIRATORY SYSTEM SISTEMA RESPIRATORIO NHS NATIONAL HEALT SYSTEM SISTEMA SANITARIO NAZIONALE 10

BLOOD LEXICON BLOOD GROUP/TYPE PLA QUE piastrine PLATELETS piastrine PRESSURE VESSEL vaso sanguigno POISONING avvelenamento del sangue RELATIVE parente di sangue, consanguineo RELATIONSHIP parentela di sangue TEST analisi del sangue CULTURES emocolture SAMPLE campione di sangue DONOR donatore di sangue TRANSFUSION trasfusione di sangue BANK banca del sangue HEMATOMA (informale: blood lake) BLOOD ACRONYMS WBC white blood (cell) count conta dei bianchi RBC red blood (cell) count conta degli eritrociti Hgb/Hb haemoglobin emoglobina Hct haematocrit - ematocrito Plt platelets piastrine UNIVERSITY LEXICON Degree in medicine and surgery (to get a degree). (I m graduated in medicine and surgery ) A student who has not yet taken his first degree is a UNGRADUATE TESI DI LAUREA - DISSERTATION A student who ih training for a second degree is a POSTGRADUATE BA bachelor of arts MA Master of arts BSc bachelor of sciences MSc Master of sciences A degree taken after a first degree is a MASTER A CONSULTAN is a fully graduated and qualified specialist. 11

A SPECIALIST REGISTAR is a doctor who s training in one of the medical specialties. In Britain doctors are also known as medical practitioners, must be qualified and have a degree in medicine. The must also be registered and included in the general medical council s list. A doctor who treats patients as opposed to one who only does research is called clinician. A doctor who provides primary cares for patients in known as general practitioner (GP) or family doctor. CHILDHOOD 1. 2. 3. 4. NEWBORN BABY TODDLER CHILD/KID FINO A DUE ANNI DA QUANDO INIZIA A GATTONARE (to crawl) TO FEED A BABY 1. To brest-feed allattare al seno 2. To bottle-feed allattamento artificial BABIES AND FOOD Breast milk, mother s milk Feeding bottle biberon Artificial milk latte in polvere Baby food Bib bavaglino High chair seggiolone Pacifier, dummy ciuccio Crib culla Nappy pannolino HOSPITAL DEPARTMENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT/CASUALTY pronto soccorso CLINICAL AREA EXAMINATION ROOM - ambulatorio LABORATORY - laboratorio PLASTER ROOM sala ingessature HAEMATOLOGY WARD reparto di ematologia BLOOD BANK banca del sangue EEG CENTER centro elettroencefalogramma X-RAY DEPARTMENT dipartimento raggi x 12

10. GENERAL SURGERY chirurgia generale 11. OPERATING THEATRE sala operatoria 12. RECOVERY ROOM sala post operatoria 13. INTENSIVE CARE UNIT (ICU) unità terapia intensiva 14. MEDICAL WARD dipartimento di medicina 15. CHEST ILLNESS WARD dipartimento malattie del torace 16. ENDOCRINOLOGY WARD dipartimento di endocrinologia 17. CARDIOLOGY UNIT unità di cardiologia 18. UROLOGY WARD dipartimento di urologia 19. GERIATRIC WARD dipartimento di geriatria 20. INFECTIOUS DISEASES UNIT unità malattie infettive 21. LIFT, STAIRS RAMP ascensori scale 22. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY oncologia medica 23. SURGICAL ONCOLOGY chirurgia oncologica 24. NEPHROLOGY WARD dipartimento di nefrologia 25. DIALYSIS UNIT rene artificiale 26. EYE WARD dipartimento di oculistica 27. SPEECH TERAPY UNIT unità di logopedia 28. ORTHOPTIC CENTER centro ortottico 29. EAR NOSE THROAT WARD - otorinolaringoiatria 30. AUDIOLOGY CENTER centro audiologico 31. BURNS UNIT centro ustioni 32. PLASTIC SURGERY WARD dipartimento di chirurgia plastica 33. OUT PATIENTS UNIT unità pazienti esterni 34. NEUROLOGY UNIT unità di neurologia 35. NEURO-SURGERY WARD dipartimento di neurochirurgia 36. ORTHOPAEDIC WARD dipartimento di ortopedia 37. REHABILITATION CENTER - centro riabilitativo 38. PEDIATRIC UNIT unità pediatrica 39. GASTROENTEROLOGY UNIT unità di gastroenterologia 40. CLINICAL NUTRITION 41. MATERNITY UNIT unità di maternità 42. NURSERY - nursery 43. DELIVERY ROOM sala parto 44. WAITING ROOM sala d attesa 45. LABOUR ROOM sala travaglio 46. ADMISSION UNIT - accettazione 47. GENERAL MANAGEMENT direzione amministrativa 48. RECEPTION DESK, INFORMATION OFFICE reception, ufficio informazioni N.B.: REPARTO RICOVERATI UNITA SALE AMBULATORIALI, MACCHINARI, STUDI DIPARTIMENTO PIU UNITA 13

VOCABULARY Absorption Alimentary tract Amino-acids - passage of materials through the walls of the intestine into the blood-stream - the digestive canal - small substances composing proteins are also the product of protein digestion Amylase - enzyme from the pancreas to digest starch 1 Anus Appendix Bile Bilirubin Bowel Canine teeth Cecum Colon Common bile duct Deglutition Dentin Digestion Duodenum Emulsification Enzyme Esophagus Fatty acids Feces Gallbladder Glucose Glycogen - opening of the digestive tract to the outside of the body - blind pouch 2 in the RLQ 3 hanging 4 from the first part of the colon - digestive juice made by the liver and store in the gallbladder. It physically breaks up (emulsifies) large fat globules - pigment by the liver in bile; produced from destruction of hemoglobin. - Intestine - pointed, dog-like teeth, next to (distal to) the incisors - first part of the large 5 intestine - second part of the large intestine, has ascending, transverse and descending part - vessel that carries bile form liver and gallbladder to the duodenum - swallowing - major tissue composing the teeth - break down of complex food to simpler forms - first part of the small 6 intestine - digestion of large fat globules into smaller - a chemical that speeds up reactions between substances. Digestive enzymes helps digestion - tube connecting throat and stomach - product of fat digestion - solid wastes, excreted through anus - small sac under the liver stores bile - simplest sugar - glucose is store as glycogen in liver cells 14

Hepatic portal system - small blood vessels that carry blood from the digestive tract to the liver Hydrochloric acid Ileum - acid product by the stomach used to digestion of food - third part of the small intestine DUODENO DIGIUNO ILEO - - - > CIECO COLON (ASCENDENTE TRASVERSO DISCENDENTE) RETTO Insulin Jejunum Lipase Liver Mastication Palate Pancreas Parotid glands Peristalsis Pharynx Pyloric sphincter Rectum - hormone produced from the endocrine cells of the pancreas. It stimulates glycogen formation in the liver - second part of the small intestine - pancreatic enzyme necessary to digest fat - a large organ in the RUQ 7 of the abdomen. It secretes bile, stores sugar, iron and vitamins; produces blood proteins and destroys old red blood cells - chewing - roof of the mouth - organ under the stomach, produces insulin, enzymes and glucagon - salivary gland near ears - rithm-like contractions of the tubes of the alimentary tract, and other tubular structures - throath, the common passageway for food from mouth and air from nose - ring of muscles at the distal region of the stomach and connect stomach with esophagus - end of the colon 1. Amido; 2. Sacca; 3. Right lower quadrant; 4. Penzolante; 5. Crasso; 6. Tenue; 7 Right upper quadrant 15