Jochim Donner MOTIVA Tekniikantie 12 02151 Espoo Finland Phone: 00358 9 456 60 99 Fax: 00358 9 456 7008 E-mail: jochim.donner@motiva.fi Jochim Donner Ecodrive: Training, fleet management, fuel monitoring Energy Efficient Transport Systems - ECODRIVE: TRAINING, FLEET MANAGEMENT, MONITORING SESSION II / Lecture 4

Energy efficiency is imperative for the curbing of carbon-dioxide emissions. Like other EU members, Finland has undertaken to reduce her carbon-dioxide emissions in line with the international Climate Convention (FCCC). The Finnish energy strategy is aimed at bringing the growth in energy use to a halt in about 10 to 15 years. Transport consumes 13 % of primary energy (1996) in Finland. Motiva's operational model within the traffic and transport sector is divided into action fields. This presentations concentrates on two of these actions fields, i.e. passenger cars and heavy traffic. Motiva is an organisation of some 20 people and two of them on traffic sector. We cannot do almost anything alone. Our keyword is networking and co-operation with other organisations, institutions and companies of this field, nation-wide as well as internationally. From the very beginning you have to see far away and plan also the implementation and dissemination of the becoming product or method to the end-users. The partners have to be involved at early stage in the process. I. PASSENGER CARS Motivator Driving schools, stage I ECONEN Driving schools, stage II Drive Pure Profit - Save Energy and the Environment EcoPower 1994 1996 1997 1999 2000 Drive Pure Profit EcoDriving - save energy an environment MOTIVA ECOPROCESS EcoDriving to Sweden and Norway EcoDriving 2000 Energy Efficiency Driving Schools Programmes EcoDriving - for companies with ISO 14000 and other environmental programmes Jochim Donner Ecodrive: Training, fleet management, fuel monitoring EcoCar of the Year Tools and Methods for Traffic Planning EcoCar of the Year Process Database and Guide Book on all Cars sold in Finland Environmentally based Instructions - how to choose cars for company use Energy Efficient Cleaner Cars Information Support Warm Car - heat battery - electrical warm up Energy Efficient Transport Systems - ECODRIVE: TRAINING, FLEET MANAGEMENT, MONITORING SESSION II / Lecture 4

In 1994 Motiva started to measure in common traffic conditions the effect of various factors on fuel consumption of a normal car, called Motivator, (Opel Astra 1,6 Eco) with special data equipment. This information was included in the contents of driving training material of an educational package for energy conscious driving "Drive pure profit - Save energy and the environment". With this package Motiva started the driving school project and its first stage. The aim of the project was to test the effectiveness of the driving and theory material in practice with a selected group of end-users before the dissemination of the package to all driving schools in Finland. The goal was to change driving attitudes and behaviour of the young drivers before they are granted a driver's licence and secondly, after a six months' test period. The effect of the economical driving programme was evaluated in a Finnish Research Programme on Energy Conservation Decisions and Behaviour (LINKKI 2) by The University of Oulu, Department of Economics in Finland. The project had a steering group with members from the Ministry of Transport and Communications, which is in charge of the rules and laws in transport, the Vehicle Administration Centre, which makes decisions on the educational material and methods and with The Driving Schools Association, which prepares the educational material for driving schools. The average reduction in fuel consumption when applying economic driving fashion in teaching was approximately one litre per hundred kilometres in driving school cars. The schools considered teaching of economic driving habits as a successful experiment on the whole and felt that they were able to include it into their traditional teaching programme without problems. After four years, the long run effects of including economical driving habits into drivers' education and the views of driving schools with respect to the new teaching method have been evaluated as well. An effective training tool During this testing period it became obvious that an adaptive fuel consumption meter is needed to verify the effects of the economical driving. The Econen meter has been developed in co-operation with a Finnish company Paetronics Ltd to help train drivers to drive in a more economical way. Econen shows you immediately among other things the fuel consumption, speed, mileage, distance and cost of travel. It is also suitable for monitoring driving style. The professional Econen Pro meter is also suitable for monitoring and it has a larger memory capacity which can be downloaded to a computer for analysis. EcoDriving At the second phase in late 1996, an educational package for drivers already carrying a driver's licence was developed in co-operation with Car Association and Visual Safety Ltd. The EcoDriving course teaches more efficient driving habits with reduced emissions as well as rational model for overall car use. On the EcoDriving course you will, for example, learn the significance of the choice of route and how to use gears economically. During the course, participants will be tested on their driving habits. The test cars have on-board computers. Energy Efficient Transport Systems - ECODRIVE: TRAINING, FLEET MANAGEMENT, MONITORING SESSION II / Lecture 4

EcoDriving is aimed especially at companies and organisations, which have environmental programmes or are working to certify their operations according to the ISO 14001 standard. The EcoDriving courses take place through a network of driving schools built up by the Car Association and Motiva. The average savings in fuel consumption have been 12-16% for a group of over two thousand drivers with EcoDriving training. The EcoDriving is the only registered training package on economical driving in Europe. EcoDriving is also available in Sweden and will be launched in Norway. EcoPower In May 1999 a new generation education programme, called EcoPower, has started in driving schools. It is based on good experiences of EcoDriving and on newest studies and technologies. EcoPower is an education programme of safety and economic driving habit. The EcoCar Concept EcoCar of the Year 1999 Opel Corsa 1998 Seat 1997 Honda 1996 Toyota Database Project Development Database All Cars sold in Finland 1999 Database - all Cars sold before 1989 Database Internet Guidebook for Consumers Guidebook for Companies Car Forum Round Table Energy Labelling 93/116 EC By choosing a smaller engine in your car fuel consumption could be decreased by one litre per hundred kilometres. In order to make the comparison between different variants easier, a database on all personal cars sold in Finland has been built up by Motiva. In this database you'll find 48 different technical data including fuel consumption and emissions on every car. This database is updated every month and it is widely used among companies, authorities, driving schools etc. It is also available in Internet and printed twice a year in a guide book. Jochim Donner Ecodrive: Training, fleet management, fuel monitoring The annual choice of the EcoCar is also based at the very first stage on this database. Everybody can use the database when purchasing a new car. You can easily find in each car make i.e. the variant with the lowest fuel consumption. Consumption and emission data is presented according to EU regulations. Energy Efficient Transport Systems - ECODRIVE: TRAINING, FLEET MANAGEMENT, MONITORING SESSION II / Lecture 4

One project within this concept aims to gather four companies to Round Table workshops to announce that they have adopted a new policy for buying cars, which is based on i.e. energy and emission criteria. According to the European Directive of 1998 all EU member states are required to introduce fuel economy labels in the near future. The aim of the directive is to make information available to purchasers of new cars. All these Motiva's actions are based on the strategy to reduce CO 2 emissions and will act as tools in national implementing of the directive. II. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR HEAVY TRAFFIC Level 1 1 Key Driving education 2 Work book training 3 Filling of the work book in companies 4 Verification and approval of the workbook Certificate Level 2 Energy and environmental management system based on the structure of the ISO 14001 standard Certificate Level 3 Environmental and quality acceptance Certificate The truck, bus and professional traffic business action programme is based on a plan developed from the idea to work out management tools for traffic companies. In many companies, environmental protection is integrated into the management system. This is to ensure that environmental protection becomes part of the daily routines. It is important to work out and get into practices operative models which make energy efficiency an integral part of the firm's operations. A natural technique would be to incorporate the energy efficiency goals in the quality control and environmental management systems of the company. The programme called KEY (an abbreviation of the Finnish words transport, energy and environment) is being carried out as a part of an extensive quality management programme of the company. The object is to find energy saving and environmentally sound operation models to be used in the Energy Efficient Transport Systems - ECODRIVE: TRAINING, FLEET MANAGEMENT, MONITORING SESSION II / Lecture 4

Environmental Management Emissions - laws & regulations - environmental impacts and responsibilities - Importance of road traffic - disadvantages of road traffic Economical Driving Technology Office - theory and test driving - consumption meter - results - choosing the vehicle - fleet and service - purchase - waste and recycling offices, terminals and other premises of a company, in addition to the transportation activities themselves. Companies start the work by outlining all the possible points where energy savings could be obtained. It comprises various phases starting from the survey of the energy saving possibilities and ending at defining new driving practices as well as new methods of control and reporting. It is a total approach from trouble shooting to practical solutions. The obligatory driving education includes subjects regarding the companies' own environmental programmes, CO 2 emissions and emissions harmful to health. The technical part includes information on how the techniques are working (for example fuel injection), how to use the gears and how to read traffic and to understand how for instance traffic lights work. More efficient driving has several additional benefits including reduction of damaging emissions to the environment, increased durability of equipment and a decrease in the instance of road accidents. The idea is to understand the traffic environment and to get enough information on the traffic in a right way. Our message to the drivers simply is: "Drive efficiently and with as low emissions as possible. That is good for your customers, your company, and working places. And the target for efficiency, lower emissions and costs can be reached only by us". The trucking company can continue its efficiency programme up to a certified environmental and quality system. The system is managed by the Finnish Trucking Association. The results of the KEY-education programme designed for drivers are very good. The general saving percentages vary from 8 to 12%, number of shifting has obtained a reduction of 50%, the number of using the break pedal has reduced with over 50%. All this with an increase in the average speed with less traffic accidents and lower service costs of the buses and trucks! Jochim Donner Ecodrive: Training, fleet management, fuel monitoring Voluntary agreements The Finnish Council of State Decision in Principle of December 21, 1995 on Energy Conservation included energy agreement procedure among its activities. In 1997 the contractual system was revised and was extended at the same time to bear on the public sector, industry and the energy producers and distributors. This year the system has been further expanded. The Finnish Association of Energy Efficient Transport Systems - ECODRIVE: TRAINING, FLEET MANAGEMENT, MONITORING SESSION II / Lecture 4

Building Owners and Construction Clients signed the agreement with the Ministry of Trade and Industry in May. The latest one was signed in September as a tripartite agreement between the ministry of Trade and Industry and the ministry of Transport and Communications and the Finnish Trucking Association. The ministries have undertaken to finance the activities within the limits of appropriations made. The agreement will be forced until December 31, 2002. The voluntary agreement is a framework one to which each company accedes through a particular instrument it must sign. Energy conservation agreement offers companies a means to promote conservation with due to respect to economical and technological goals. In joining a conservation agreement, companies essentially wish to enhance their public image. Being voluntary, accession proves that the firm is serious about improving its energy efficiency and about committing itself to longterm energy conservation. All these education packages for passenger cars and for heavy traffic are structured in modules and can be taylor-made for each company. The contents will be complemented with new modules concerning for example new technology i.e. more efficient use of information technology (GSM-location) or electrical routing. These systems are under continuous development and we have enormous challenges to keep the system rolling. For further information please contact: Mr. Jochim Donner Sector Manager, Traffic and Transport Tel. +358 9 456 6099, mobile +358 400 416572 Fax +358 9 456 7008 jochim.donner@motiva.fi Motiva, P.O.Box 462 FIN-02151 Espoo, Finland www.motiva.fi The Finnish Driving Schools Association Ratamestarinkatu 11, FIN-00520 Helsinki, Finland tel. +358 9 4542 300, fax +358 9 4542 3040 www.autokoululiitto.fi The Car Association P.O.Box 35, FIN-00551 Helsinki, Finland tel. +358 9 725 84400, fax +358 9 725 84460 Visual Safety Ltd Pakilantie 61, FIN-00660 Helsinki, Finland tel. +358 9 752 2600, fax Paetronics Ltd Eerikinkatu 36, FIN-00180 Helsinki, Finland tel. +358 9 3108 3560, fax +358 9 3108 3561 Finnish Trucking Association P.O.Box 38, FIN-00400 Helsinki, Finland tel. +358 9 478 999, fax +358 9 587 8520 www.skal.fi Motiva is the Energy Information Centre for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Sources. Motiva supports the market and instigates energy saving activities by producing and distributing information, by developing procedures for improving energy efficiency and by promoting the implementation of energy efficient technologies. Motiva implements its share of the Government's Energy Conservation Programme and the Programme for the Promotion of Renewable Energy Sources. Energy Efficient Transport Systems - ECODRIVE: TRAINING, FLEET MANAGEMENT, MONITORING SESSION II / Lecture 4