OFA 3 TO EMR BRIDGE COURSE STUDY GUIDE Frontline First Aid & Emergency Training 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca www.frontlinefirstaid.ca
Welcome to your Canadian Red Cross Emergency Medical Responder training program; and thank-you for choosing Frontline. Print this EMR Study Guide, complete the assignments ahead of time, and bring it with you to each class...so you can ask questions about any answers you are not sure about. By doing so: You will arrive at each EMR class with a greater understanding of the terms and skills you ll be practicing You will be more confident in both your EMR knowledge and hands-on EMR skills You will be better prepared for the Written and Practical Certification Evaluations at the end of your course You will be better prepared for your Provincial BC EMALB Licensing Evaluations These assignments are straightforward with references to where you can find the answers however, they can be time consuming depending on your personal pace and study habits. Start these assignments as soon as possible Get as much done as you can BEFORE the start of your course DO NOT wait until the night before each session to start these assignments You will need the following resources to answer the questions in this EMR Study Guide: Canadian Red Cross Emergency Care Manual BCAS Treatment Guidelines for Medical Responders in BC Frontline EMR Cheat Sheet BC Legislation Supplements o Good Samaritan Act o Emergency Health Services Act o Mental Health Act Lund and Browder Burn Chart Equipment Familiarization Booklet Do Not Resuscitate Order Kendrick Extrication Device Manual Sager Traction Splint Manual 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 2 of 178
The table of contents below indicates assignment due dates: Session 1 8 Emergency Care Manual Revisions Due on Session 1 8 EMR Roles and Responsibilities Due on Session 1 10 The Canadian Red Cross Due on Session 1 10 Paramedic Association of Canada Due on Session 1 11 Medical Control Due on Session 1 12 Preventing Disease Transmission Due on Session 1 13 Methods of Transmission Due in Session 1 13 Viruses Due in Session 1 14 Bacteria Due in Session 1 15 Fungi Due on Session 1 16 Protozoa Due on Session 1 17 Ricksettia Due on Session 1 18 Parasitic Worms Due on Session 1 19 Herpes Due in Session 1 20 Meningitis Due on Session 1 21 Tuberculosis Due on Session 1 22 Hepatitis Due on Session 1 23 HIV / AIDS Due on Session 1 24 Influenza Due on Session 1 25 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Due on Session 1 26 Anatomy and Physiology Due on Session 1 27 Complete the Body System Chart Due on Session 1 27 Cavities of the Body Due on Session 1 28 Label the Components of the Circulatory System Due on Session 1 29 Label the Circulatory Cycle Due on Session 1 30 Label the Anatomical References Due on Session 1 31 Skeletal System Due on Session 1 32 Label the Bones as indicated on the diagram below: 32 Respiratory System Due on Session 1 33 Equipment Familiarization Due on Session 1 33 Oxygen Equipment Due on Session 1 33 Oxygen Flow Rates Due on Session 1 34 Name the Equipment Due on Session 1 34 Assessment Model Due on Session 1 39 Assessment Model: Fill in the steps Due on Session 1 39 Assessment Model: Scene Survey Due on Session 1 40 Transport Decision Due on Session 1 42 Assessment Due on Session 1 43 Glasgow Coma Scale Due on Session 1 43 Pulse Oximetry: Fill in the blanks Due on Session 1 44 Pulse Oximetry: 12 Limitations Due on Session 1 44 Blood Pressure - Due on Session 1 45 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 3 of 178
Blood Glucose Monitoring - Due on Session 1 45 Head to Toe Assessment Mnemonics - Due on Session 1 45 Label the Pulse Points Due on Session 1 46 Shock Due on Session 1 47 Types and Causes of Shock Due on Session 1 47 Eight Signs and of Head or Spinal Injury Due on Session 1 48 Label the Components of the Spinal Column Due on Session 1 48 Label the Components of the Spine Due on Session 1 49 KED Strapping Sequence - Due on Session 1 50 Spinal Grips - Due on Session 1 50 Session 2 52 Drip Set Calculations - Due on Session 2 52 IV Complications Worksheets Due on Session 2 53 Circulatory Overload Due on Session 2 53 Catheter Embolism Due on Session 2 54 Allergic Reaction Due on Session 2 55 Interstitial Swelling Due on Session 2 56 Thrombosis and Thrombophlebitis Due on Session 2 57 Site Infection Due on Session 2 58 Pharmacology Worksheets Due on Session 6 59 Bromide Due on Session 2 59 Adrenaline - Due on Session 2 60 Nitrous Oxide - Due on Session 2 61 Salbutamol - Due on Session 2 62 Routes of Drug Administration - Due on Session 2 63 Entonox Administration - Due on Session 2 64 CPR Techniques - Due on Session 2 66 Treatable CPR - Due on Session 2 66 Changing CPR Positions - Due on Session 2 67 Hypothermic CPR Patients - Due on Session 2 67 When to Stop CPR - Due on Session 2 67 Definitions - Due on Session 2 67 Do Not Resuscitate / No CPR forms - Due on Session 2 68 The 6 Rights - Due on Session 2 69 Nitroglycerin - Due on Session 2 70 Oral Glucose - Due on Session 2 71 Oxygen - Due on Session 2 72 Angina Due on Session 2 73 Heart Attack Due on Session 2 74 ASA - Due on Session 2 75 Chest Pain Protocol - Due on Session 2 76 Diabetic Protocols - Due on Session 2 77 Diabetes Due on Session 2 78 Seizures Due on Session 2 79 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 4 of 178
Session 3 80 Musculoskeletal Worksheets Due on Session 3 80 Strain - Due on Session 3 80 Sprain - Due on Session 3 81 Fracture - Due on Session 3 82 Dislocation - Due on Session 3 83 Musculoskeletal Injuries Due on Session 3 84 Principles of Splinting Due on Session 3 84 Transient Ischemic Attack Due on Session 3 85 Stroke Due on Session 3 86 Soft Tissue Injury Worksheets Due on Session 3 87 Internal Bleeding Due on Session 3 87 Laceration Due on Session 3 88 Abrasion Due on Session 3 89 Avulsion Due on Session 3 90 Puncture - Due on Session 3 91 Scalp Injury - Due on Session 3 92 Cheek Injury - Due on Session 3 93 Eye Injury - Due on Session 3 94 Extruded Eyeball - Due on Session 3 95 Ear Injury - Due on Session 3 96 Mouth and Jaw Injuries - Due on Session 3 97 Infection - Due on Session 3 98 Pulmonary Edema Due on Session 3 99 Pulmonary Embolism Due on Session 3 100 Asthma Due on Session 3 101 Pneumonia Due on Session 3 102 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Due on Session 3 103 Hypoxic Drive - Due on Session 3 104 Anaphylaxis Due on Session 3 105 Hyperventilation Due on Session 3 106 Assisted Ventilations and Rescue Breathing - Due on Session 3 107 Trauma Worksheets Due on Session 3 108 Amputation - Due on Session 3 108 Impaled Object - Due on Session 3 109 Pneumothorax/Hemothorax Due on Session 3 110 Flail Chest Due on Session 3 111 Crush Syndrome Due on Session 3 112 Compartment Syndrome Due on Session 3 113 Blast Injuries Due on Session 3 114 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Due on Session 3 115 Burns Worksheets Due on Session 3 116 Superficial Burns Due on Session 3 116 Partial Thickness Burns Due on Session 3 117 Full Thickness Burns Due on Session 3 118 Lund & Browder Burn Estimation Chart Due on Session 3 119 Rule of Nines Burn Estimation Due on Session 3 120 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 5 of 178
Burn Protocols Due on Session 3 121 Congestive Heart Failure Due on Session 3 122 Childbirth Complications Worksheets Due on Session 3 123 Miscarriage Due on Session 3 123 Third Trimester Bleeding Due on Session 3 124 Multiple Births Due on Session 3 125 Breech Birth Due on Session 3 126 Prolapsed Cord Due on Session 3 127 Ectopic Pregnancy Due on Session 3 128 Limb Presentation Due on Session 3 129 Premature Labour Due on Session 3 130 Post-Partum Bleeding Due on Session 3 131 APGAR - Due on Session 3 132 Session 4 133 Sudden Illness Worksheets Due on Session 4 133 Appendicitis Due on Session 4 133 Peptic Ulcers Due on Session 4 134 Gastroenteritis Due on Session 4 135 Bowel Obstruction Due on Session 4 136 Kidney Stones Due on Session 4 137 Urinary Tract Infection Due on Session 4 138 Fainting (Syncope) Due on Session 4 139 Peritonitis Due on Session 4 140 Sager Traction Splint Due on Session 4 141 Poisons Worksheets Due on Session 4 142 How Poisons Enter the Body Due on Session 4 142 Commonly Misused and Abused Substances Due on Session 4 143 Spider Bites Due on Session 4 144 Marine Life Due on Session 4 145 Ticks Due on Session 4 146 Snakes Due on Session 4 147 Hanta Virus Due on Session 4 148 Misused and Abused Substances Worksheets Due on Session 4 149 Stimulant Due on Session 4 149 Hallucinogen Due on Session 4 150 Depressant Due on Session 4 151 Designer Drugs Due on Session 4 152 Hypothermia Worksheets Due on Session 4 153 Mild Hypothermia Due on Session 4 153 Moderate Hypothermia Due on Session 4 154 Severe Hypothermia Due on Session 4 155 Frostbite Worksheets Due on Session 4 156 Frost Nip Due on Session 4 156 Frostbite Due on Session 4 157 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 6 of 178
Hyperthermia Worksheets Due on Session 4 158 Heat Cramps Due on Session 4 158 Heat Exhaustion Due on Session 4 159 Heat Stroke Due on Session 4 160 High Altitude Sickness Worksheets Due on Session 4 161 Acute Mountain Sickness Due on Session 4 161 High Altitude Pulmonary Edema Due on Session 4 162 High Altitude Cerebral Edema Due on Session 4 164 Behavioural and Psychotic Emergencies Worksheets Due on Session 4 165 Psychosis Due on Session 4 165 Anxiety Due on Session 4 166 Depression Due on Session 4 167 Schizophrenia Due on Session 4 168 Special Populations Worksheets Due on Session 4 169 Infant Due on Session 4 169 Child Due on Session 4 170 Adolescent Due on Session 4 171 Older Adult Due on Session 4 172 Physically or Mentally Disabled Due on Session 4 173 Crisis Intervention Worksheet Due on Session 4 174 Communications Worksheets Due on Session 4 175 Medical Director Due on Session 4 175 Transportation Worksheets Due on Session 4 176 Safe Vehicle Operations Due on Session 4 176 Triage / Multiple Casualty Incidents Due on Session 4 177 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 7 of 178
Session 1 Emergency Care Manual Revisions Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual 1. Find the following passage on page 137 of your Emergency Care Manual: After doing 5 cycles (2 minutes) of continuous CPR, recheck for signs of circulation and normal breathing. Tilt the patient s head to open the airway and take no more than 5 to 10 seconds to check for signs of circulation. If there are no signs of circulation, or you are unsure, continue CPR, beginning with compressions. Check circulation and breathing again every few minutes. Take a marker or pen and cross out that passage: After doing 5 cycles (2 minutes) of continuous CPR, recheck for signs of circulation and normal breathing. Tilt the patient s head to open the airway and take no more than 5 to 10 seconds to check for signs of circulation. If there are no signs of circulation, or you are unsure, continue CPR, beginning with compressions. Check circulation and breathing again every few minutes. 2. Find the following passage on page 142 of your Emergency Care Manual: Recheck for signs of circulation and breathing after about 5 cycles (two minutes) of continuous CPR. Check for signs of circulation for no more than 5-10 seconds with the hand that was giving compressions. If there are no signs of circulation or you are unsure, continue CPR, starting with compressions. Recheck circulation and breathing every few minutes. Take a marker or pen and cross out that passage: Recheck for signs of circulation and breathing after about 5 cycles (two minutes) of continuous CPR. Check for signs of circulation for no more than 5-10 seconds with the hand that was giving compressions. If there are no signs of circulation or you are unsure, continue CPR, starting with compressions. Recheck circulation and breathing every few minutes. These passages are out of date but were unintentionally overlooked in the last printing. The most current CPR guidelines indicate that you should continue CPR once started until you observe Obvious Signs of Life as you are performing CPR. Your EMR Instructor will review CPR protocols with you in greater depth during your course. 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 8 of 178
3. Find the following passage on page 94 of your Emergency Care Manual: During your primary survey, you may discover that an unconscious adult is not breathing. If this happens, begin the CPR sequence (30 compressions). Use a pen or marker to add the words and does not have a pulse after the words is not breathing : and does not have a pulse During your primary survey, you may discover that an unconscious adult is not breathing ^. If this happens, begin the CPR sequence (30 compressions). 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 9 of 178
EMR Roles and Responsibilities Due on Session 1 The Canadian Red Cross Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual What are the 7 Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross? (Emergency Care Manual pages vi - vii) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. How many Red Cross Volunteers give their time and energy every day? (Emergency Care Manual pages vi - vii) What are 7 ways the Red Cross Helps? (Emergency Care Manual pages vi - vii) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Watch the Videos Click the link copy & paste or type the address into your browser: http://www.frontlinefirstaid.ca/first-aid--cpr-videos.html#crc 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 10 of 178
Paramedic Association of Canada Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual What is the mandate of the Paramedic Association of Canada? (Emergency Care Manual pages 3-4) What are the 4 Levels of EMS Provider Training regulated by the PAC? (Emergency Care Manual pages 3-4) What are the 6 main Patient Related Duties of a Medical Responder? (Emergency Care Manual pages 6-7) 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 11 of 178
Medical Control Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual What is the role of Medical Control? (Emergency Care Manual page 4) What is the difference between Offline/Indirect and Online/Direct Medical Control? (Emergency Care Manual page 4) What are the 7 components of an Emergency Response? (Emergency Care Manual page 5) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 12 of 178
Preventing Disease Transmission Due on Session 1 Methods of Transmission Due in Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual Four Conditions which must exist for infection to occur: (Emergency Care Manual page 29) 1 2 3 4 Four methods Pathogens enter the body (Emergency Care Manual pages 29-31) Example 1 2 3 4 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 13 of 178
Viruses Due in Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 28 Definition Conditions Caused by Viruses 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 14 of 178
Bacteria Due in Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 28 Definition Conditions Caused by Bacteria 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 15 of 178
Fungi Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 28 Definition Conditions Caused by Fungi 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 16 of 178
Protozoa Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 28 Definition Conditions Caused by Protozoa 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 17 of 178
Ricksettia Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 28 Definition Conditions Caused by Ricksettia 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 18 of 178
Parasitic Worms Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 28 Definition Conditions Caused by Parasitic Worms 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 19 of 178
Herpes Due in Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 31-35 Definition Mode of Transmission Route of Entry Signs & Immunization/ Vaccine? 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 20 of 178
Meningitis Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 31-35 Definition Mode of Transmission Route of Entry Signs & Immunization/ Vaccine? 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 21 of 178
Tuberculosis Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 31-35 Definition Mode of Transmission Route of Entry Signs & Immunization/ Vaccine? 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 22 of 178
Hepatitis Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 31-35 Definition Mode of Transmission Route of Entry Signs & Immunization/ Vaccine? 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 23 of 178
HIV / AIDS Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 31-35 Definition Mode of Transmission Route of Entry Signs & Immunization/ Vaccine? 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 24 of 178
Influenza Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 31-35 Definition Mode of Transmission Route of Entry Signs & Immunization/ Vaccine? 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 25 of 178
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 36 Task PPE Required Bleeding control with spurting blood Bleeding control with minimal bleeding Childbirth Helping with an intravenous (IV) line Oral/nasal suctioning; manually clearing airway Handling and cleaning contaminated equipment and clothing if body fluids are present Transporting or caring for a patient with signs of a transmissible respiratory illness 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 26 of 178
Anatomy and Physiology Due on Session 1 Complete the Body System Chart Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 49 Body System Major Components Purpose Supplies the body with Oxygen through Breathing Bones, Muscles, Joins, Ligaments, Tendons Nervous Breaks down food and eliminates waste Integumentary Heart, Arteries, Veins, Capillaries, Blood Endocrine Uterus and gentialia Kidneys and bladder 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 27 of 178
Cavities of the Body Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 47-48 Body Cavity Major Structures in the Cavity 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 28 of 178
Label the Components of the Circulatory System Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 53 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 29 of 178
Label the Circulatory Cycle Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 53 Watch the Videos Click the link copy & paste or type the address into your browser: http://www.frontlinefirstaid.ca/first-aid--cpr-videos.html#circulatory 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 30 of 178
Label the Anatomical References Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 45-47 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 31 of 178
Skeletal System Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual...page 59 Label the Bones as indicated on the diagram below: Bones are held together with: (Emergency Care Manual page 61) 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 32 of 178
Muscles are held to bones with: (Emergency Care Manual page 55) Respiratory System Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 50-52 The Bronchi eventually branch into millions of tiny air sacs called. Oxygen and pass into and out of the blood stream though the thin walls of the and tiny blood vessels called. Watch the Videos Click the link copy & paste or type the address into your browser: http://www.frontlinefirstaid.ca/first-aid--cpr-videos.html#respiratory Equipment Familiarization Due on Session 1 Oxygen Equipment Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 123 To attach the pressure regulator to the cylinder: a) Insert the gasket into the b) Check to see that the corresponds to an oxygen tank c) Seat the of the regulator inside the cylinder d) Hand tighten the screw until the regulator is e) Turn on the oxygen and check how much pressure is in the 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 33 of 178
Oxygen Flow Rates Due on Session 1 Fill in the Blanks Answers found in: EMR Cheat Sheet Device BC EMALB Paramedic Association of Canada (Canadian Red Cross Emergency Care Manual) O2 % Simple / Standard Mask N/A Non-Rebreather Mask 8 15 lpm 90+ % Bag Valve Mask 10+ lpm Nasal Canula 24-36 % Resuscitation Mask (Pocket Mask) N/A 6+ lpm Normal Room Air Exhaled Air Name the Equipment Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Equipment Familiarization Booklet 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 34 of 178
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Assessment Model Due on Session 1 Assessment Model: Fill in the steps Due on Session 1 Answers found in: EMR Cheat Sheet Scene Survey Primary Survey Secondary Survey Interview Vital Signs Head to Toe Ongoing Survey 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 39 of 178
Assessment Model: Scene Survey Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 69-70, personal experience and observation Name at least 3 potential hazards and 1 additional resource potentially required in each scene Scene 1 3 Potential Hazards 1 Additional Resource Scene 2 3 Potential Hazards 1 Additional Resource 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 40 of 178
Scene 3 3 Potential Hazards 1 Additional Resource Scene 4 3 Potential Hazards 1 Additional Resource 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 41 of 178
Transport Decision Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 74-75 List 12 Examples of Urgent / Code 3 Transport (Load-and-Go) Emergencies: 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 42 of 178
Assessment Due on Session 1 Glasgow Coma Scale Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 77 Eye Opening Best Verbal Response Best Motor Response 6 Obeys commands 5 Oriented 5 Localizes to pain 4 Spontaneously 4 Confused 4 Withdraws to pain 3 To voice 3 Inappropriate words 3 Flex to pain (Decorticate) 2 To pain 2 Incomprehensible sounds 2 Extend to pain (Decerebrate) 1 No response 1 No response 1 No response Eye + Verbal + Motor = GCS (3-15) GCS less than 13 is life threatening Calculate Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS): Patient 1 Eyes: Patient s eyes are open and follow you as you move; E = Verbal: Patient is speaking normally and can answer questions clearly; V = Motor: Patient complies with all requests; M = E + V + M = GCS Patient 2 Eyes: Patient s eyes open briefly, only when pinched; E = Verbal: Patient curses at you when pinched; V = Motor: Patient pulls hand away, only when pinched; M = E + V + M = GCS Patient 3 Eyes: Patient s eyes open only while you are speaking to them; E = Verbal: Patient tries to answer questions, but does not know where they are or how they got there; V = Motor: Patient grips your fingers when asked; M = E + V + M = GCS Patient 4 Eyes: Patient s eyes remain closed; E = Verbal: Patient moans when pinched; V = Motor: Patient pulls both arms into his chest when pinched; M = E + V + M = GCS 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 43 of 178
Pulse Oximetry: Fill in the blanks Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 80 Range Value Treatment Normal 91-94% Administer Emergency oxygen using a non-rebreather mask or a bag-valve-mask resuscitator Pulse Oximetry: 12 Limitations Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 81 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 44 of 178
Blood Pressure - Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 81-83 a. Blood Pressure is measured in units of b. The first number reflects the pressure in the arteries when the heart is working, or contracting. This pressure is called the c. The second number reflects the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest and refilling. This is called the Blood Glucose Monitoring - Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual 84-85, EMR Cheat Sheet, BCAS Treatment Guidelines a. Blood glucose is measured in b. A normal BGL ranges from to c. Hypoglycemia is most often defined as a BGL of less than d. Hyperglycemia is defined as a BGL of greater than e. In BRITISH COLUMBIA the BCAS Treatment Guidelines define Hyperglycemia as BGL greater than (refer to Frontline EMR Cheat Sheet or BCAS Treatment Guidelines Booklet) Head to Toe Assessment Mnemonics - Due on Session 1 Fill in the Blanks Answers found in: EMR Cheat Sheet B C Contusions S O A C L Lacerations P R D I P T Tenderness S 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 45 of 178
Label the Pulse Points Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 79 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 46 of 178
Shock Due on Session 1 Types and Causes of Shock Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 154 Type of Shock Cause Anaphylactic Cardiogenic Hypovolemic Neurogenic Psychogenic Respiratory Septic 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 47 of 178
Eight Signs and of Head or Spinal Injury Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 230-233 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Label the Components of the Spinal Column Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 56 1. 2. 3. Name of Region How many Vertebrae in each Region 4. 5. Watch the Videos Click the link copy & paste or type the address into your browser: http://www.frontlinefirstaid.ca/first-aid--cpr-videos.html#cns 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 48 of 178
Label the Components of the Spine Due on Session 1 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 56 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 49 of 178
KED Strapping Sequence - Due on Session 1 Answers found in: EMR Cheat Sheet, KED Manual Middle strap first Baby Black Hot Green Spinal Grips - Due on Session 1 Name the Grip Pictured Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 72 and 237-238 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 50 of 178
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Session 2 Drip Set Calculations - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 169, EMR Cheat Sheet Drip Set Sizes Standard (Regular) 15 gtts / ml Macro (Adult) 10 gtts / ml Micro (Mini) 60 gtts / ml gtts = drips ml = milliliters gtts / ml = how many drips add up to one milliliter gtts / minute (drips per minute) = volume (expressed in milliliters) to be infused X gtts / ml Infusion time (expressed in minutes) Calculate gtts (Drips) per minute needed to meet the required infusion rate: Eg Calculate drips per minute required for a Macro (Adult) sized Drip Set to infuse 380 ml/hour 380 ml x 10 gtts/ml = 60 minutes 3,800 = 60 63 drips per minute to infuse 380 ml over an hour* *(this would work out to roughly 1 drip every second) Calculate drips per minute required for a Micro (Mini) sized Drip Set to infuse 150 ml/hour Calculate drips per minute required for a Standard (Regular) sized Drip Set to infuse 200 ml/hour 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 52 of 178
IV Complications Worksheets Due on Session 2 Circulatory Overload Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 170-172 Causes Signs and Interventions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 53 of 178
Catheter Embolism Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 170-172 Causes Signs and Interventions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 54 of 178
Allergic Reaction Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 170-172 Causes Signs and Interventions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 55 of 178
Interstitial Swelling Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 170-172 Causes Signs and Interventions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 56 of 178
Thrombosis and Thrombophlebitis Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 170-172 Causes Signs and Interventions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 57 of 178
Site Infection Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 170-172 Causes Signs and Interventions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 58 of 178
Pharmacology Worksheets Due on Session 6 Bromide Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 162 Trade Name: Ipratropium Bromide Generic Name(s): Classification Mechanism Indications Contraindications Precautions Adverse Effects Doses Routes of Administration Onset Peak Effects Duration DosageForms / Packaging Notes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 59 of 178
Adrenaline - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 162-163 Trade Name: Epinephrine Hydrochloride Generic Name(s): Classification Mechanism Alpha Effects Beta Effects Indications Contraindications Precautions Adverse Effects Doses Routes of Administration Onset Peak Effects Duration Notes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 60 of 178
Nitrous Oxide - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 164-165, EMR Cheat Sheet Trade Name(s): Generic Name(s): Classification Mechanism Indications Contraindications Precautions Adverse Effects Doses Notes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 61 of 178
Salbutamol - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 166 Trade Name(s): Generic Name(s): Classification Mechanism Indications Contraindications Precautions Adverse Effects Doses Routes of Administration Onset Duration Metabolism Notes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 62 of 178
Routes of Drug Administration - Due on Session 2 Fill in the blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 167 Enteral administration of drugs includes the following routes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 63 of 178
Parenteral administration of drugs includes the following routes: Entonox Administration - Due on Session 2 Fill in the blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 164, EMR Cheat Sheet Entonox Contraindications - Acronym D I V I N E 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 64 of 178
Entonox Protocol (EMR Cheat Sheet) Indications Rule out Contraindications Cautions Completed before administration Proper Storage Instructions to Patient o o o o 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 65 of 178
CPR Techniques - Due on Session 2 Complete the Chart Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 141 Age Adult (over 8 years old) Child (1-8 years old) Infant (under 1 year old) Hand Position Compression Depth Breathe Cycle Compression Rate 1 Rescuer 2 Rescuers Treatable CPR - Due on Session 2 Complete the Chart Answers found in: EMR Cheat Sheet Tension Pneumothorax Consult Medical Control 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 66 of 178
Changing CPR Positions - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 144 It is recommended that responders change every ( ) to maintain quality CPR. Hypothermic CPR Patients - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 139 and 310, EMR Cheat Sheet, BCAS Treatment Guidelines According to the Emergency Care Manual how long should you check a pulse before starting CPR if you suspect Hypothermia? According to the BCAS Treatment Guidelines how long should you check a pulse before starting CPR if you suspect Hypothermia? When to Stop CPR - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 138 1 2 3 4 Definitions - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 138 Asystole Ventricular Tachycardia Ventricular Fibrillation In over 80% of all sudden cardiac arrests, the initial rhythm is or, which are the only two rhythms an AED will shock. 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 67 of 178
Do Not Resuscitate / No CPR forms - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Do Not Resuscitate form, Emergency Care Manual page 10 What does the acronym ASDM stand for? A S D M What is the phone number for HealthLink BC? What information is included in the Patient Identification section of the No CPR Form? Fill in the blanks: Ensure that a copy of this form is easily available in. If you and your dying relative / friend are for any reason, take the form so it s 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 68 of 178
The 6 Rights - Due on Session 2 Fill in the Blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 161, EMR Cheat Sheet, BCAS Treatment Guidelines EMR s in BC can ADMINISTER & and ASSIST with other Medications 1 Person 2 Have they had it before no Contraindications 3 Time 4 How much should they take 5 Route 6 Documentation Medications - Emergency Medical Responders in British Columbia Administer Assist 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 69 of 178
Nitroglycerin - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 163-164, EMR Cheat Sheet Trade Name(s): Generic Name(s): Classification Mechanism Indications Contraindications Precautions Adverse Effects Doses Routes of Administration Onset Metabolism Notes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 70 of 178
Oral Glucose - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 165, EMR Cheat Sheet Trade Name(s): Generic Name(s): Classification Mechanism Indications Contraindications Precautions Adverse Effects Doses Onset Routes of Administration Notes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 71 of 178
Oxygen - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 165-166 Trade Name(s): Generic Name(s): Classification Description Indications Contraindications Precautions Doses Routes of Administration Notes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 72 of 178
Angina Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 128-133 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 73 of 178
Heart Attack Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 128-133 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 74 of 178
ASA - Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 164, EMR Cheat Sheet Trade Name(s): Generic Name(s): Classification Mechanism Indications Contraindications Precautions Doses Routes of Administration Notes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 75 of 178
Chest Pain Protocol - Due on Session 2 Fill in the blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual, EMR Cheat Sheet, BCAS Treatment Guidelines Chest Pain Protocol Contraindications Nitro and/or ASA Procedure: Nitro Contraindications ASA Contraindications If pain persists recheck contraindications and administer 2 nd and 3 rd Nitro doses waiting 3-5 minutes between doses 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 76 of 178
Diabetic Protocols - Due on Session 2 Fill in the Blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 270-274, BCAS Treatment Guidelines, EMR Cheat Sheet Guideline BCAS Treatment Guidelines (BC EMALB) PAC NOSCP (Red Cross Emergency Care Manual) Minimum Systolic B.P. to give Nitro 90 mmhg 100 mmhg Nitro Dose Frequency Every 3-5 minutes (Q3-5) Every 5 minutes (Q5) Hyperglycaemia Burn Percentage Calculations Lund & Browder Chart Rule of Nines Burn Cooling On Scene 1-2 minutes Varies with extent of burns CPR with Hypothermia Check Pulse for 30 seconds Check pulse for 45 seconds 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 77 of 178
Diabetes Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 270-274 and 281 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 78 of 178
Seizures Due on Session 2 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 274-276 and 284 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 79 of 178
Session 3 Musculoskeletal Worksheets Due on Session 3 Strain - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 210-211 Tissues Involved Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 80 of 178
Sprain - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 209-210 Tissues Involved Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 81 of 178
Fracture - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 208-206 Tissues Involved Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 82 of 178
Dislocation - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 209 Tissues Involved Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 83 of 178
Musculoskeletal Injuries Due on Session 3 Principles of Splinting Due on Session 3 Fill in the Blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 211-216 R I C E To effectively immobilize an injured part, a splint must extend and the injury site. 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 84 of 178
Transient Ischemic Attack Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 144-146 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 85 of 178
Stroke Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 144-146 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 86 of 178
Soft Tissue Injury Worksheets Due on Session 3 Internal Bleeding Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual 151-152 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 87 of 178
Laceration Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 186-197 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 88 of 178
Abrasion Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 186-197 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 89 of 178
Avulsion Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 186-197 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 90 of 178
Puncture - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 186-197 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 91 of 178
Scalp Injury - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 243 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 92 of 178
Cheek Injury - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 243-245 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 93 of 178
Eye Injury - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 250 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 94 of 178
Extruded Eyeball - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 249 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 95 of 178
Ear Injury - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 250 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 96 of 178
Mouth and Jaw Injuries - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 250-251 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 97 of 178
Infection - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 189-191 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 98 of 178
Pulmonary Edema Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 104-105 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 99 of 178
Pulmonary Embolism Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 104-105 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 100 of 178
Asthma Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 102-105 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 101 of 178
Pneumonia Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 103-105 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 102 of 178
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 101-105 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 103 of 178
Hypoxic Drive - Due on Session 3 Fill in the blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 101-102 People with and / or may eventually develop a to breathe. In healthy individuals, the drive to breathe is from the amount of in the blood. People with and / or build up high levels of in the blood. Due to the consistently high levels, the body looks to the to determine the need to breathe. If levels are low, the breathing rate increases. In a person with who has a true, increased levels of could signal the body to slow down or stop breathing entirely. However this is rarely encountered in the field because EMS is usually called for a person who is. In this case you should administer high-flow oxygen to the patient. 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 104 of 178
Anaphylaxis Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 100-105 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 105 of 178
Hyperventilation Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 105 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 106 of 178
Assisted Ventilations and Rescue Breathing - Due on Session 3 Fill in the blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 106-108 and 120, EMR Cheat Sheet Assisted Ventilations Problem Breathing too Fast greater than breaths per minute Adult Ventilation Rate Child / Infant Breathing too Slow less than breaths per minute Signs of 1 breath every seconds 1 breath every seconds Timed between or with patient s own breaths Signs of Rescue Breathing Problem Respiratory Arrest but PULSE Ventilation Rate Adult Child / Infant 1 breath 1 breath every every seconds seconds 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 107 of 178
Trauma Worksheets Due on Session 3 Amputation - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 196 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 108 of 178
Impaled Object - Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 196 Description Signs and Possible Complications Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 109 of 178
Pneumothorax/Hemothorax Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 256-258 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 110 of 178
Flail Chest Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 255-256 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 111 of 178
Crush Syndrome Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 184-185 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 112 of 178
Compartment Syndrome Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 185 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 113 of 178
Blast Injuries Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 185 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 114 of 178
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 259-260 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 115 of 178
Burns Worksheets Due on Session 3 Superficial Burns Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 198-205 Areas Commonly Affected Depth of Tissues Affected Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 116 of 178
Partial Thickness Burns Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 198-205 Areas Commonly Affected Depth of Tissues Affected Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 117 of 178
Full Thickness Burns Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 198-205 Areas Commonly Affected Depth of Tissues Affected Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 118 of 178
Lund & Browder Burn Estimation Chart Due on Session 3 Calculate Total Percentage Burned Answers found in: EMR Cheat Sheet; Lund and Browder Burn Chart Full Thickness Partial Thickness Full Thickness Full Thickness Partial Thickness Partial Thickness Full Thickness Area Fill in the Age Percentages 0 (infant) 1 year 5 years 10 years 15 years Adult A = half of head 6.5 % B = half of one thigh 2.75% 4.5% C = half of one lower leg Record the burn percentages indicated for the 15 YEAR OLD patient in the Diagram above Region Partial Thickness % Full Thickness % Head Neck Anterior Trunk Posterior Trunk Right Arm Left Arm Buttocks Genitalia Right Leg Left Leg Total Burn % 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 119 of 178
Rule of Nines Burn Estimation Due on Session 3 Calculate Total Percentage Burned Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 200-201 Total Percentage Burned Adult Shown Child Shown 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 120 of 178
Burn Protocols Due on Session 3 Fill in the Blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 198-205, BCAS Treatment Guidelines, EMR Cheat Sheet Guideline BCAS Treatment Guidelines (BC EMALB) PAC NOSCP (Red Cross Emergency Care Manual) Minimum Systolic B.P. to give Nitro 90 mmhg 100 mmhg Nitro Dose Frequency Every 3-5 minutes (Q3-5) Every 5 minutes (Q5) Hyperglycaemia 11 mmol or higher 8 mmol or higher Burn Percentage Calculations Burn Cooling On Scene CPR with Hypothermia Check Pulse for 30 seconds Check pulse for 45 seconds 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 121 of 178
Congestive Heart Failure Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 133-134 Causes Signs and Treatment Right-sided heart failure usually occurs due to 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 122 of 178
Childbirth Complications Worksheets Due on Session 3 Miscarriage Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 338 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 123 of 178
Third Trimester Bleeding Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 339 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 124 of 178
Multiple Births Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 340-341 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 125 of 178
Breech Birth Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 340 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 126 of 178
Prolapsed Cord Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 339-340 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 127 of 178
Ectopic Pregnancy Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 339 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 128 of 178
Limb Presentation Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 341 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 129 of 178
Premature Labour Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 338-339 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 130 of 178
Post-Partum Bleeding Due on Session 3 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 341 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 131 of 178
APGAR - Due on Session 3 Fill in the Blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 342, EMR Cheat Sheet APGAR 0 1 2 Activity 100 bpm or higher Grimace Body/Extremities Blue/Pale is Normal is Fairly Low is Critically Low 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 132 of 178
Session 4 Sudden Illness Worksheets Due on Session 4 Appendicitis Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 276-277 and 280 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 133 of 178
Peptic Ulcers Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 278 and 284 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 134 of 178
Gastroenteritis Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 277 and 282 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 135 of 178
Bowel Obstruction Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 277 and 280 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 136 of 178
Kidney Stones Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 278 and 283 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 137 of 178
Urinary Tract Infection Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 278 and 285 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 138 of 178
Fainting (Syncope) Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 270 and 281 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 139 of 178
Peritonitis Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 278 and 284 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 140 of 178
Sager Traction Splint Due on Session 4 Fill in the Blanks Answers found in: EMR Cheat Sheet, Sager Instruction Manual Sager Traction Splint Suspected Fracture of Femur, Tibia or Fibula Assess injured leg Apply Traction o o o o Secure Splint Reassess Injury 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 141 of 178
Poisons Worksheets Due on Session 4 How Poisons Enter the Body Due on Session 4 List 3 examples of each method Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 288 Ingestion Inhalation Absorption Injection 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 142 of 178
Commonly Misused and Abused Substances Due on Session 4 Fill in the blanks Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 296-298 List 4 types of commonly Misused and Abused Substances Potential Signs and of Substance Abuse or Misuse 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 143 of 178
Spider Bites Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 292 Examples Signs and Treatment More Advanced Care If: 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 144 of 178
Marine Life Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 292-293 Examples Signs and Treatment More Advanced Care If: 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 145 of 178
Ticks Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 294-295 Description Signs and Treatment More Advanced Care If: 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 146 of 178
Snakes Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 293 Examples Signs and Treatment More Advanced Care If: 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 147 of 178
Hanta Virus Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 291 Sources Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 148 of 178
More Advanced Care If: Misused and Abused Substances Worksheets Due on Session 4 Stimulant Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 297-299 Examples Mechanism and Routes Effects 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 149 of 178
Signs and Treatment and Approach Options Hallucinogen Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 297-299 Examples Mechanism and Routes Effects Signs and 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 150 of 178
Treatment and Approach Options Depressant Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 297-299 Examples Mechanism and Routes Effects 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 151 of 178
Signs and Treatment and Approach Options Designer Drugs Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 298-299 Examples Mechanism and Routes Effects 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 152 of 178
Signs and Treatment and Approach Options Hypothermia Worksheets Due on Session 4 Mild Hypothermia Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 307-310 Causes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 153 of 178
Signs and Interventions Moderate Hypothermia Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 307-310 Causes Signs and 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 154 of 178
Treatment Severe Hypothermia Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 307-310 Causes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 155 of 178
Signs and Treatment Frostbite Worksheets Due on Session 4 Frost Nip Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 308 Areas Commonly Affected Depth of 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 156 of 178
Tissues Affected Signs and Treatment Frostbite Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 308-309 Areas Commonly Affected Depth of Tissues Affected 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 157 of 178
Signs and Treatment Hyperthermia Worksheets Due on Session 4 Heat Cramps Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 305-307 Causes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 158 of 178
Signs and Treatment Heat Exhaustion Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 305-307 Causes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 159 of 178
Signs and Treatment Heat Stroke Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 305-307 Causes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 160 of 178
Signs and Treatment High Altitude Sickness Worksheets Due on Session 4 Acute Mountain Sickness Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 379-380 and 382-383 Causes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 161 of 178
Signs and Treatment High Altitude Pulmonary Edema Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 379-380 and 382-383 Causes 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 162 of 178
Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 163 of 178
High Altitude Cerebral Edema Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 379-380 and 382-383 Causes Signs and Treatment 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 164 of 178
Behavioural and Psychotic Emergencies Worksheets Due on Session 4 Psychosis Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 327-332 Category Causes Typical Behaviours Signs and Treatment / Approach Options 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 165 of 178
Anxiety Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 328-332 Category Causes Typical Behaviours Signs and Treatment / Approach Options 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 166 of 178
Depression Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 328-332 Category Causes Typical Behaviours Signs and Treatment / Approach Options 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 167 of 178
Schizophrenia Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 328-332 Category Causes Typical Behaviours Signs and Treatment / Approach Options 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 168 of 178
Special Populations Worksheets Due on Session 4 Infant Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 315-321 and 341-342 Significant Differences from Adults Vulnerabilities On Scene Challenges On Scene Solutions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 169 of 178
Child Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 315-321 Significant Differences from Adults Vulnerabilities On Scene Challenges On Scene Solutions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 170 of 178
Adolescent Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 315-321 Significant Differences from Adults Vulnerabilities On Scene Challenges On Scene Solutions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 171 of 178
Older Adult Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 322-325 Significant Differences from Adults Vulnerabilities On Scene Challenges On Scene Solutions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 172 of 178
Physically or Mentally Disabled Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 324-327 Significant Differences from Average Population Vulnerabilities On Scene Challenges On Scene Solutions 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 173 of 178
Crisis Intervention Worksheet Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 331-332 Possible Causes of Emotional Distress Possible Effects of Emotional Distress Pre-Incident Management Strategies Ongoing Incident Management Strategies Post-Incident Management Strategies Personal and Professional Coping Resources Video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eyg0zutv5rs 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 174 of 178
Communications Worksheets Due on Session 4 Medical Director Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual pages 11-14 6 key pieces of information to relay to Medical Director 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 175 of 178
Transportation Worksheets Due on Session 4 Safe Vehicle Operations Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual page 369 6 Factors that influence safe driving operation 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 176 of 178
Triage / Multiple Casualty Incidents Due on Session 4 Answers found in: Emergency Care Manual 360-366 Patient appearance. Injuries or circumstances apparent upon approach Primary Survey Findings Triage Decision Immediate Delayed Minor Dead / Non Salvageable All patients listed below are found at the same bus crash scene Adult male with a 1.5 foot piece of rebar sticking out of their chest. 3 year old female with their right foot amputated below the malleolus. Bleeding controlled. 12 year old male. No apparent injuries. Adult male with deadly bleeding from a deep laceration on the left leg. Adult female. No apparent injuries Adult male with severe deformity at the right elbow. Bone protruding from right forearm Elderly male. No apparent injuries Adult female. Pale and sweaty with severe chest pain radiating into the left jaw and arm. LOC Alert Radial Pulse Present Respirations Normal and Adequate LOC Alert Radial Pulse Present Respirations Normal and Adequate LOC Unresponsive Radial Pulse Present Respirations Normal and Adequate LOC Alert Radial Pulse Absent Respirations Normal and Adequate LOC Alert Radial Pulse Absent Respirations Normal and Adequate LOC Alert Radial Pulse Present Respirations Normal and Adequate LOC Verbal Responsiveness Radial Pulse Present Respirations Normal and Adequate LOC Alert Radial Pulse Present. Respirations Normal and Adequate 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 177 of 178
Adolescent male. No apparent injuries. Complaining of asthma. 8.5 month pregnant female. No apparent injuries. LOC Alert Radial Pulse Present Respirations Rapid and ineffective LOC Unresponsive Radial Pulse Absent Respirations Absent 2015/12/31 www.frontlinefirstaid.ca 250-470-0205 training@frontlinefirstaid.ca Page 178 of 178