PRACTICE MANUAL Final Course PAPER : 5 ADVANCED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING Volume II.B BOARD OF STUDIES THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA i
This practice manual has been prepared by the faculty of the Board of Studies. The objective of the practice manual is to provide teaching material to the students to enable them to obtain knowledge and skills in the subject. In case students need any clarifications or have any suggestions to make for further improvement of the material contained herein, they may write to the Director of Studies. All care has been taken to provide interpretations and discussions in a manner useful for the students. However, the practice manual has not been specifically discussed by the Council of the Institute or any of its Committees and the views expressed herein may not be taken to necessarily represent the views of the Council or any of its Committees. Permission of the Institute is essential for reproduction of any portion of this material. THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Revised Edition : January, 2014 Website : www.icai.org E-mail : bosnoida@icai.org Committee / : Board of Studies Department ISBN No. : Price : ` Published by : The Publication Department on behalf of The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, ICAI Bhawan, Post Box No. 7100, Indraprastha Marg, New Delhi 110 002 Printed by : Sahitya Bhawan Publications, Hospital Road, Agra 282 003 ii
A WORD ABOUT PRACTICE MANUAL The Board of Studies has undertaken the step of developing Practice Manuals of all subjects to help the students with better understanding of the subject through a mode of questions and answers on different important topics and problems. Practice Manual and Study Material of a subject complements each other and all the students are expected to make holistic study of both to gain maximum benefit and acquire in-depth knowledge of the subject. The Practice Manual in the subject of Advanced Management Accounting has been developed taking primary input from question papers of Institute s earlier examinations over a number of years. It has been divided into sixteen chapters, keeping close correspondence with the chapters of the Study Material so as to make it an effective guidance material by providing clarification / solution to very important topics / issues, both theoretical and practical, of different chapters. The Practice Manual will serve as revision help book towards preparing for final examination of the Institute and help the students in identifying the gaps in the preparation of the examination and developing plan to make it up. The Practice Manual contains standard of solutions to the questions which will act as a benchmark towards developing the skill of students on framing standard answer to a question and thereby guide them to improve their performance in the examination. The Practice Manual of Advanced Management Accounting has been thoroughly revised to cater the need of home study and distance learning approach in Chartered Accountancy course. We would like to highlight some of the unique features of the Practice Manual in the subject of Advanced Management Accounting. This Practice Manual is divided into two volumes for ease of handling by the students. Volume A contains Chapters 1 9 and Volume B contains Chapters 10 16. This Practice Manual has more than 300 practical questions. These 300 practical questions have been compiled in such a manner that it will cover basic concepts, practical concepts and all kind of adjustments required to solve a numerical & their solutions for extensive revision of the students of final level of Chartered Accountancy course. Important definitions, equations, formulae etc. has been given at the beginning of each chapter for a quick recapitulation. Solutions in this Practice Manual have been given step by step so that students can understand each problem with the help of self study. Each chapter of the Practice Manual has been divided into two sections i.e. Section A: Theory Questions and Section B: Practical Questions. Presentation is the hallmark of this Practice Manual. Questions and solutions thereof have been presented in a students friendly approach. iii
Matrix of chapter-wise marks distribution in the past examinations has been added in this Practice Manual. Normal distribution table, Logarithm and Anti-logarithm tables have also been included for the ready reference of the students while practicing numerical from Practice Manual. Every effort has been made to make the Practice manual error free, however if inadvertently any error is present and found by readers they may send it to us immediately so that it can be rectified at our end. For any further clarification/ guidance, students are requested to send their queries at deepak.gupta@icai.in Happy Reading and Best Wishes! iv
Chapter/ Topics (Volume II.B) Paper-5, Advanced Management Accounting Statement Showing Topic-Wise Distribution of Examination Questions Along With Marks Term of Examination Total May 2010 Nov. 2010 May 2011 Nov. 2011 May 2012 Nov. 2012 May 2013 Nov. 2013 Marks Q M Q M Q M Q M Q M Q M Q M Q M Chapter-10 Linear Programming - - 3(b) 6 5(b) 5 5(b) 10 4(b) 8 1(b) 7(d) Chapter-11 The Transportation Problem 6(b) 4 6(a) 8 1(d) 4(d) 5 4 2(b) 6 1(b) 3(b) 5 3 5 4 Avg. Marks 3(a) 8 5(b) 8 54 6.75 2(b) 5 4(a) 8 7(c) 4 52 6.50 Chapter-12 The Assignment Problem - - - - 3(a) 10 - - 7(b) 4 4(a) 8 1(c) 5 1(b) 5 32 4.00 Chapter-13 Critical Path Analysis - - 4(c) 4 6(b) 5 6(a) 10 7(a) 4 - - - - - - 23 2.88 Chapter- 14 Program Evaluation and 6(b) 8 44 5.50 Review Technique 5(b) 4 - - 2(b) 3 1(c) 5 5(b) 8 6(c) 5 6(a) 7(d) Chapter- 15 Simulation 5(a) 7 4(e) 4 7(a) 5 7(a) 4 7(c) 4 3(b) 7 7(b) 4 2(b) 8 43 5.38 Chapter- 16 Learning Curve Theory - - 7(b) 4 - - 7(b) 4 - - 5(b) 4 6(a) 4 4(b) 4 20 2.50 7 4 Note Q represents question numbers as they appeared in the question paper of respective examination. M' represents the marks which each question carries. The question papers of all the past attempts of CA-Final can be accessed from the BOS Knowledge Portal on the Institute s website www.icai.org. v
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CONTENTS (CHAPTERS 1 TO 9 OF ADVANCED MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING ARE IN VOLUME II.A) Chapter-10: Linear Programming Basic Concepts... 10.1 Simplex Algorithm Maximization... 10.3 Simplex Algorithm Minimization... 10.6 Primal Dual... 10.9 Section A... 10.11 Section B... 10.15 LPP-Formulation... 10.16 Graphical Method... 10.43 Simplex- Method... 10.60 Primal & Dual... 10.78 Chapter-11: The Transportation Problem Basic Concepts... 11.1 Section A... 11.5 Section B... 11.9 Transportation Minimization... 11.10 Transportation Maximization... 11.46 Chapter-12: The Assignment Problem Basic Concepts... 12.1 Section A... 12.3 Section B... 12.7 Assignment Minimization... 12.8 Assignment Maximization... 12.28 Assignment Miscellaneous... 12.36 Chapter-13: Critical Path Analysis Basic Concepts... 13.1 vii
Section A... 13.13 Section B... 13.21 Basic Concepts... 13.22 Network Diagram, Critical Path & Float... 13.24 Missing Figures & Network... 13.36 Chapter-14: Program Evaluation and Review Technique Basic Concepts... 14.1 Section A... 14.7 Section B... 14.13 Estimate of Probability... 14.14 Project Updating... 14.34 Project Crashing... 14.41 Resource Levelling /Smoothing... 14.67 Chapter-15: Simulation Basic Concepts... 15.1 Section A... 15.3 Section B... 15.7 Simulation of Manufacturer s / Retailer s Problem Profitability... 15.8 Simulation of Cash Flow Problem... 15.13 Simulation of Operations of Travelling Agency, Retail Store, Booking Centre and Bank... 15.15 Simulation of Inventory Problems... 15.25 Evaluation of Investment Proposal... 15.28 Simulation for Defectives... 15.32 Simulation of Miscellaneous Problems... 15.33 Chapter-16: Learning Curve Theory Basic Concepts... 16.1 Section A... 16.3 Section B... 16.9 Learning Curve - Estimating Labour Time... 16.10 Learning Curve - Estimating Labour Time (Application of Logarithms Formulas)... 16.11 viii
Learning Curve- Quoting for an Order... 16.12 Learning Curve - Decision Making... 16.23 Application of Learning Curve in Standard Costing... 16.25 Appendix Standard Normal Cumulative Probability Table for Negative Z Values... A.1 Standard Normal Cumulative Probability Table for Positive Z Values... A.2 Logarithms... A.3 Anti Logarithms... A.5 ix