CONSTRUCTION OF A COLLAORATIVE VALUE CHAIN IN CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENT Png Wang, School of Econoy and Manageent, Jangsu Unversty of Scence and Technology, Zhenjang Jangsu Chna, sdwangp1975@163.co Zhyng Wang, School of Econoy and Manageent, Jangsu Unversty of Scence and Technology, Zhenjang Jangsu, wangzhyng_2006@163.co Juan Yn, School of Econoy and Manageent, Jangsu Unversty of Scence and Technology, Zhenjang Jangsu Chna, bahll@163.co Abstract In order to solve the proble of atchng the deand and servce s n cloud coputng envronent, the paper puts forward the concept of a collaboratve value chan and analyses the collaboratve task unts and servce eleents. After that, the paper constructs a odel of collaboratve value chan and descrbes n detal the process and ethods of atchng the collaboratve value chan tasks and servce s. ased on ths odel, the paper fnally constructs a collaboratve anufacturng cloud platfor fraework for shpbuldng ndustry and classfes the tasks unts and servce s n dfferent stages and descrbes the respectvely. Keywords: cloud coputng envronent, collaboratve value chan(cvc), Constructon of a CVC
1 INTRODUCTION The developent of nforaton technology has spawned a network anufacturng ode, whch s a geographcally dspersed but closely organzed anufacturng syste, wth dfferent enterprses collaboratvely workng wth each other and responsble for dfferent chans lke product desgn, anufacturng and arketng and etc. In ths way, enterprse s can be hghly shared and allocated so as to axze value creaton(mchael et al. 2000). A network anufacturng ode requres enterprses to fnd the best partners wthn the shortest te possble and rapdly for a coplete value chan to operate collaboratvely and effcently n order to acheve a wn-wn stuaton for each node n the chan. There are any studes both at hoe and abroad about the confguraton probles wthn a networked collaboratve anufacturng ode. JI(2006) put forward the concept of a collaboratve chan orented at coplex parts anufacturng and solves the proble of optal allocaton based on portfolo ant algorth. LIU and QIAO (2007) proposed a anufacturng eta-odel and desgned a unfed anufacturng nforaton odel fraework based on servce-orented archtecture and extensble arkup language technology, whch, solved the proble of ntegratng anufacturng s n a ult-applcaton envronent. SHEN and FAN (2008) proposed an onlne servce selecton by usng teratve and ncreental valdaton technques. ased on the seantc Web and consderng the dstrbutve, heterogeneous and servce-orented s n the cloud desgnng envronent, ZHENG and LUO (2012) desgned a collaboratve cloud desgn servce platfor to acheve ntegraton and sharng of s and support the ntegraton both nternal and external. In addton, studes on networked anufacturng platfor, fraework and the key technologes are abundant. ZHENG (2012) put forward a ethod for odelng and optzng vrtual s sutable for cloud anufacturng and solve the proble by usng collaboratve ult-objectve partcle swar optzaton algorth so as to obtan the optal vrtual anufacturng unt. The studes above consdered only the collaboraton n the process of desgnng or the selecton n the process of anufacturng, wthout a coplete selecton coverng the entre anufacturng lfe cycle. Although soe proposed ethods and processes n odelng, they elaborate nether on the task requreents n the processes of desgnng and anufacturng, nor on the descrpton attrbutes of servce s. Or they dd express servce atchng atheatcally, but ddn t gve a detaled account of the whole process. Snce the task requreents and servce s are varous and nuerous n cloud coputng envronent, ths paper s orented at the whole process of desgnng and anufacturng and defnes the collaboratve value chan(cvc) fro the perspectves of project anageent and anufacturng servces. In ths paper, a task- atchng odel and a strategy optzaton odel are desgned for the collaboratve value chan and the two odels are appled to the collaboratve anufacturng cloud platfor n shpbuldng ndustry.
2 DEFINITION OF A CVC Drven by custoer deand, a collaboratve value chan s a chan-lke aggregaton fored anly accordng to product anufacturng. The core enterprse n the value chan usually allocates such task unts as desgnng, sulaton, testng, anufacturng and transportaton n the product anufacturng process to outer enterprses whch are able to provde the above servces and can collaborate wth each other to acheve the sae project. Due to the coplexty n akng products, there are two types of value chans, naely, the seral one and the hybrd one. The hybrd value chan s a hybrd lnk consstng of parallels, selectons and crculatons. Snce the hybrd one can be transfored nto a seral one for optzaton, the study here wll just elaborate on the seral value chan. Fro the perspectve of project anageent, CVC s a collecton of task unts dvded along the product lfe cycle by usng project anageent theores and ethods, whch can be descrbed as: CVC, 1, 2,3,..., ; 1 In ths equaton, refers to the th collaboratve task unts n CVC. Fro the perspectve of anufacturng servces, CVC s a anufacturng ode where any enterprses along the product lfe cycle can collaborate to produce products though they are n dfferent locatons, whch can be descrbed as: p CVC S, k 1, 2,3,..., p k1 k In ths equaton, Sk ndcates the k th anufacturng servce n CVC. 3 CONSTRUCTION OF A CVC The constructon of a CVC s actually a atchng between dfferent task unts durng the foraton of the products and a sea of anufacturng servces n the cloud coputng envronent. Soe core enterprses n CVC need to ake an n-depth analyss of the desgnng and anufacturng process by usng project anageent ethods and ake deands and plans. Then, they have to choose collaboratve partners to for a CVC and be responsble to ontor and control the whole collaboratve process. Step 1: Defnng the collaboratve task unts The core enterprses can ake a scentfc and reasonable dvson of collaboratve task unts whch are easy to anage and control based on the product lfe cycle and the knowledge and rules about the ndustry. The collaboratve task unts can be descrbed as:
( N, O, P, Q, C, T ), 1,2,3,..., ; j 1,2,3,..., n j Here ndcates the th collaboratve task unts n CVC, and N s the nae of. O s an overall ntroducton of the content of the collaboratve tasks. Pjrefers to a collecton of eleents n the tasks, and s also a key ndcator n the atchng of deands and servces. Q s the task load, and C s the upper lt of the task cost, whle T s the delvery te for the task. Step 2: Defnng the collaboratve servce s Enttes whch are qualfed to desgn and anufacture can provde support to the outer enttes wth ther respectve s n fors of servces n order to acheve effectve ntegraton and collaboraton even when the s are dspersed. Collaboratve servces can be ntellgence-donated servces lke desgnng, sulaton and testng, etc., they can also be productve servces provded by equpents and hardware. Collaboratve servces can be descrbed as: S ( SN, SO, SP, SW, SC, ST ), k 1,2,3,..., p; l 1,2,3,..., q k k k kl k k k Here Sk refers to the k th anufacturng servce n CVC and SNk s the nae of t. SOk refers to an overall ntroducton of the content of the anufacturng servces. SPkl s a collecton of eleents n anufacturng servces, and s also a key ndcator n the atchng of deands and servces. SW k refers to servce capablty, and SCk s the cost of servce unt, whle STk s the servce cycle of the unt. Step 3: Matchng task unts and servce s The forng of a CVC s a process of lookng for the best servce for each, ts core beng the atchng of Pjand SP kl. In a cloud coputng envronent, due to the hghly polyerzed s, each (the cooperatve task) has ultple consttuents capable of provdng the sae servce. The task-servce atchng process s shown n fgure 1. Step 4: Value chan optzaton On the bass of servce atchng, as well as the strateges of akng the lowest cost, the shortest cycle and best qualty, a CVC s copleted. It ght be possble that the recoended routes of the CVC are ore than one, so the core enterprses can choose the
best accordng to ther preferences and ake soe nor adjustents on the recoendatons. p CVC opt( S ) S k 1 k1 1 S s the collaboratve task unt, and s the best atchng servce found accordng to the CVC buldng strateges. 1The lowest cost functon 1 n C n C Ct n C ( S ) Ct(, 1) ( S, S 1) 1 1 Here C refers to the processng costs or the servce costs for the entre value chan. Ct s the transfer cost between two adjacent servces. C( S) s the processng cost or servce cost of feasble servce S, whch belongs to collaboratve task unt. Ct If ( S, S ) s the transfer cost between feasble servce s n and 1. (, 1) 1 and 1 Ct(, 1) ( S, S 1) are copleted by the sae servce provder, then zero. 2The shortest cycle functon 1 n T n T Tt n T ( S ) Tt(, 1) ( S, S 1) 1 1 s Here T refers to the processng te or servce te for the entre value chan. Tt refers to the transfer te between two adjacent servces. T( S) s the processng te or servce te of feasble servce S, whch belongs to collaboratve task unt. Tt If ( S, S ) s the transfer te between feasble servce s n and 1. (, 1) 1 and 1 Tt(, 1) ( S, S 1) are copleted by the sae servce provder, then zero. 3The best qualty functon n Q n (1 Q ( S )) 1 s
Here Q( S) refers to the prosed qualty n processng the feasble servce S n collaboratve task unt, and t s ndcated by passng rate ndex. The optzaton of a value chan can be acheved by cobnng any two fro the above three functons or even all of the based on the features of the anufacturng projects. CVC 1 extractng collaboratve attrbutes 1 P 1 P 2 P 3 P j Rule(1) Rule(2) Rule(3) Rule(n) SP k1 SP k 2 SP k 3 SP kl S k extractng servce attrbutes k 1,2,3,..., p R 1 R 2 R 3 Rl R1 R2 R3... Rl N Y 1 possble S collecton Fgure 1. Task-servce Resource Matchng Model 4 APPLICATIONS ON SHIP MANUFACTURING Due to the coplexty of the shp product and ts anufacturng process, not only are soe specal software, equpent and tools needed, but also any professonals are hghly deanded. Therefore, the needed servces n the shp buldng process are varous n ther types, nuerous n ther nuber and dffcult n selecton. In order to solve ths proble and prove the effcency of usng the s, the author of ths artcle and hs tea ntend to buld a Shpbuldng Industry Chan Collaboratve Manufacture Platfor (SICCMP) to cater
to ths ndustry based on a CVC constructon odel. The followng fgure 2 s a structure of SICCMP, whch s anly dvded nto the user access layer, the platfor servce layer and the data storage layer. product desgn requre -ents sulat on test requre -ents anufa cturng requre -ents specal equpen t requreents servce requester huan requreents huan desgn equpent servce provder toolng sulaton test the user access layer anufact urng task WS task defnton task release cooperatve task regstraton task anageent servce s defnton servce s release servce s anageent servce regstraton task and servce s atchng Optal polcy settngs Value chan foraton executon ontorng qualty certfcaton essage anageent servce evaluaton securty anageent value chan foraton platfor operaton anageent the platfor servce layer accessores bank standard processng bank anufacturn g s bank knowledge and rules bank foundaton data bank the data storage layer Fgure 2.Cloud platfor structure of collaboratve shp anufacturng (1) the user access layer The custoers of SICCMP are anly two types. One s the core enterprse who wll use SICCMP to seek anufacturng s to coplete the product; the other s the servce provder who wants to sell the collaboratve anufacturng servce to outsde copanes on SICCMP. Users can have access to SICCMP by Internet and use a varety of functons provded by ths platfor to for a CVC and anufacture the product collaboratvely. (2) the platfor servce layer The an functon of ths layer s to for a CVC and ontor the operaton process. Generally, ths layer has four functons. 1) cooperatve task regstraton: The product anufacturng lfe cycle can be dvded nto dfferent stages lke product functon desgnng, process desgnng, sulaton and optzaton, anufacturng and testng, etc. If an enterprse s unable to operate soe stages or f t s uneconocal to operate the, ths enterprse can transt the to outsde enterprses by purchasng or subcontractng. ut the enterprse need to defne the collaboratve task unt very specfcally, publsh t and ontor
the task pleentaton process on the platfor. 2) servce regstraton: After eetng ther own producton needs, enterprses whch have surplus s or ablty can release the n the for of servce n order to prove the proft and the effcency of usng. Ths functon of the layer ncludes defnng the servce s owned by the enterprse, releasng the and anagng the. 3) value chan foraton: In response to the released collaboratve anufacturng tasks, the syste can auto-atch tasks and s, and recoend a set of feasble servces and value chans. Enterprses can optze the odel settng by usng one sngle strategy or a cobnaton of strateges to select the best value chan and coplete t by negotatng wth servce provders. After that, enterprses can ontor the whole CVC anufacturng process as well. 4) platfor operaton anageent: The platfor fors a CVC and anages ts operaton through qualfcaton, essage anageent, servce evaluaton and securty anageent. (3) the data storage layer The an functon of ths layer s to provde data storage and anageent for the operaton of the platfor, and support the foraton and operaton of the CVC through accessores bank, standard processng bank, anufacturng s bank, knowledge and rules bank as well as foundaton data bank. ecause of dfferences of the descrptve eleents of task unts and servce s between product desgnng and processng, the expressve eleents of the two are strctly defned n the syste. In order to ake the task-servce atchng easy, the paper akes the core eleents of P j and SPjhave the sae structure because t wll prove the atchng effcency and effectveness. Next, the paper wll take Pjas an exaple to explan the collaboratve eleent structure of desgnng and that of anufacturng respectvely n SICCMP. (1) collaboratve eleent structure of desgnng At present, there are varous knds of desgnng software and sulaton software n Chna s shpbuldng ndustry. Snce the data forats are dfferent, the collaboratve desgnng s therefore dffcult. In addton, durng the product desgnng, soe specal software s usually needed. Therefore, n desgnng task collaboratve eleents, we anly standardze fro such three aspects as enterprse capabltes, desgn specfcatons and specal software requreents. P ( Dq, Sf, Dt, Al, Sc; Sp, D, Do; Ss, Sv) In ths equaton, Dq stands for desgn qualfcaton, Sf for desgn professonal, Dt for desgn type, Al for audt level, Sc for classfcaton socetes, Sp for specfcatons, D for data nput forat, Do for data output forat, Ss for specal software, Sv for software verson. (2) collaboratve eleent structure of processng
The accessores of shp products are typcally sngle and sall batch achnng products, therefore, the defnng of collaboratve eleents of processng s anly an abstract descrpton of the categores and geoetrcal characters of the accessores, processng requreents, specal equpents and toolng requreents. P ( P, C, Ma; S, W, Mf ;P c, Mp, Mt, M, Sc; Eq, St) In ths equaton, P stands for category of the accessores, C for category of the se-fnshed parts, Ma for aterals, S for sze, W for weght, Mf for geoetrc features, Pc for producton category, Mp for anufacturng precson, Mt for anufacturng type, M for anufacturng ethods, Sc for classfcaton socetes, Eq and St for specal equpent and specal toolng respectvely. 5 CONCLUSION In the cloud coputng envronent, the effectve gatherng and hghly sharng of s provde an portant foundaton condton for the socal collaboraton, aong whch a crtcal pont n buldng a CVC s to select fro a sea of slar servce s. In ths paper, by gvng a defnton to CVC, a odel s constructed and appled successfully nto the collaboratve shpbuldng cloud platfor. Currently, the platfor s stll n the developent stage. In the next stage, the author of the paper wll orent on the applcaton and pleentaton of the platfor and ake deeper analyss of the eleent range of tasks and servce s n desgnng and anufacturng so as to for a nor for such eleents and ake a detaled desgn of optzng a sngle strategy or a cobnaton of strateges n the foraton of a CVC. References JI Feng, HE We-png, et al(2006). Research on collaboratve anufacturng chan for coplex parts n networked anufacturng envronent. Coputer Integrated Manufacturng Systes, 12(1):71-77. LIU We, QIAO L-hong(2007). Unfed anufacturng odel fraework based on eta-odel. Coputer Integrated Manufacturng Systes, 13(10):1903-1908. Mchael P. Papazoglou, Pet Rbbers, Aphrodte Tsalgatdou(2000). Integrated value chans and ther plcatons fro a busness and technology standpont. Decson Support Systes, 29, 323-342. SHEN Y-n, FAN Yu-shun(2008). Onlne selecton approach for servce coposton n enterprses coordnaton. Coputer Integrated Manufacturng Systes, 14(4):800-805.
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