Appendix : Images of Monteverde The road to central Santa Elena. Photo by N. Swetnam Central Santa Elena. To the left are shops and a hotel, to the right is the Catholic Church and parochial hall. This is part of the only length of paved road in the district. Photo by N. Blum N. Blum, Education, Community Engagement and Sustainable Development: Negotiating Environmental Knowledge in Monteverde, Costa Rica, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-2527-0, Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 157
158 Appendix: Images of Monteverde View South from the village of Monteverde on the road to San Luis. Photo by N. Blum The main building of the Colegio in Santa Elena. Beyond are a second school building, pasture for cattle, an experimental fish pond, and a building for chickens and pigs. To the right (just out of sight) is the office of the Santa Elena Reserve. Photo by N. Blum
Appendix: Images of Monteverde 159 Main entrance and administrative buildings of the Monteverde Reserve. Photo by N. Blum Main offices and entrance of the Monteverde Institute, village of Monteverde. Photo by N. Blum
Index A Agenda 21, 2, 10, 21, 23, 145 Anthropology of development, 150 Anthropology of education, 13, 150 B Belgrade Charter, The, 10 environmental education in, 13, 14, 38 40, 42, 43, 58 62, 66, 67, 69 78, 82, 91, 144, 148 in schools in Monteverde, 58 D Development, conceptualisations of, 116 124 Development education, 4, 10, 146 C Cerro Plano, 56, 58, 60, 61, 126, 131, 133 Chamber of Tourism, Monteverde ( Cámara de Turismo ), 35, 87, 120, 121, 130 Climate change, 2, 7, 8, 146, 149, 152 Cloud forest, 41, 55, 59, 69 77, 84, 86, 94, 98, 128 Community development in Monteverde, 116, 122 Community of practice, 111 Conservation development in Costa Rica, 4 early efforts in Monteverde, 83, 92 fortress conservation, 87 links to environmental education, 4, 10, 47, 138 multiple-use strategies, 87 scientific interest in, 10, 57, 89 Cooperativa Santa Elena, 90, 120, 124 Costa Rican Conservation Foundation ( Fundación Conservaciónista Costarricense ), 88, 119 Costa Rican Tourism Institute ( Instituto Costariccense de Turismo ), 54 Curriculum in Costa Rica, 148 E Earth Summit (UN Conference on Environment and Development), 10 Ecotourism in Costa Rica, 23, 35, 55, 65 definition of, 35, 136 in Monteverde, 7, 54, 85, 87, 128, 130, 134 Education for All (EFA), 54, 151 Education for sustainable development, 2, 4, 11, 145, 146, 149 Education policy historical development in Costa Rica, 27 national system of assessment and examinations, 32, 42, 43, 59, 60, 64, 66, 71, 73, 74, 76 structure of the Costa Rican education system, 26 Endangered species in Monteverde Golden toad ( Sapo Dorado ), 84 Resplendent Quetzal ( Quetzal ), 88, 94 Three-Wattled Bellbird ( Pájaro Campana ), 88, 119 Endemic species in Monteverde educational efforts related to, 93, 133, 142 frogs, 68, 69, 134, 136, 137 orchids, 129, 133, 137 N. Blum, Education, Community Engagement and Sustainable Development: Negotiating Environmental Knowledge in Monteverde, Costa Rica, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-2527-0, Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 161
162 Index Environmental education historical development in Costa Rica, 27, 90 historical development in Monteverde, 90 international history of, 2, 17, 45, 47, 66, 92, 143 Latin American perspectives on, 2, 3, 148 pedagogies, 139 research on, 4, 11, 14, 15, 47, 104, 111, 147, 149, 152 teacher education, 148 Environmental interpretation, 12, 98 Environmental policy historical development in Costa Rica, 24, 70, 147 international, 24, 25, 66 ( see also Rio Summit, Agenda 21, Rio Declaration, World Conservation Strategy) F Freire, Paulo, 2, 104 G Gender in Costa Rica, 65, 102, 151 in education, 4, 11, 151 Global education, 4 H Ham, Sam, 12, 98 Ministry of Environment and Energy, Costa Rica ( Ministerio de Ambiente y Energia ), vi, 34, 38, 40, 41, 44, 100, 135, 137 Monteverde Conservation League, 85, 86, 88, 90, 100, 105, 120, 126, 137 Monteverde Institute, 56, 85, 86, 88, 117, 122 126, 130, 131 Monteverde Reserve (Reserva Biologica Bosque Nuboso de Monteverde ), 55, 61, 62, 70, 83 88, 90, 92 95, 97 99, 104, 105, 113, 114, 126, 129, 131, 133, 134 Monteverde, village of, 56, 58, 70, 85, 86, 88, 117, 118, 125, 126, 134 N National System of Conservation Areas ( Sistema Nacional de Areas de Conservacion ), 36, 40 Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in conservation, 26, 44, 57 in Costa Rica, 25, 26, 41 in education, 2, 25, 26, 41, 44 in Monteverde, 26 O Office of Environmental Education, Costa Rica ( Ofi cina de Educación Ambiental ), 38, 39, 42 I Indigenous groups in Costa Rica, 147, 151 International Environmental Education Programme, 10 L Lave, Jean, 13, 110, 111 M Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), 151 152 Ministry of Education, Costa Rica ( Ministerio de Educación Pública ), 29 32, 38, 39, 42 44, 46, 47, 59, 60, 62, 66 68, 76, 79, 97, 98, 149, 151, 152 Q Quedar bien, 34, 56 R Rio Declaration, 10 Rio Summit, 3 S Santa Elena, 56, 58 60, 62, 64 66, 68, 69, 70, 76, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88, 90, 92 95, 100, 104, 105, 113 115, 120, 122 126, 130, 131, 133, 135, 137 Santa Elena Development Association ( Asociación de Desarrollo Integral de Santa Elena ), 113, 122, 124, 126
Index 163 Santa Elena Reserve ( Reserva Bosque Nuboso Santa Elena ), 55, 66, 68, 76, 82, 83, 85, 86, 90, 92 94, 100, 104, 105 Schools in Monteverde Cloudforest School, 59, 69 77 Colegio Técnico Profesional de Santa Elena, 58, 64 69, 85 Escuela Cerro Plano, 60, 61 Escuela Santa Elena, 60, 62, 95 Monteverde Friends School, 59 Science education, 4, 44 Scientific researchers in Costa Rica, 17, 33, 36, 37, 47, 48, 64, 137, 143 in Monteverde, 17, 57, 82 84, 87, 90, 92, 93, 105, 117, 128, 137, 142, 143 Social learning, 15, 78, 110, 111 Sustainable development, 2, 4, 6 11, 13, 15, 24, 26, 33, 37, 39, 40, 42, 44, 47, 48, 54, 60, 63, 71, 116 122, 124, 125, 130, 143, 145, 146, 148 152 T Tbilisi Declaration, The, 101 Transversal themes (temas transversales ) in Costa Rica, 42, 60, 64, 148 in Latin America, 148 Tropical Science Center, 36, 84, 86, 87, 120, 137 U UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development, 145 Universidad de Costa Rica, 29, 31 Universidad Estatal a Distancia, Costa Rica, 31, 38 Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica, 31, 38 W Wenger, Etienne, 13, 110, 111 World Conservation Strategy, 10