Novel Network Computing Paradigms (I)

Transcription

1 Lecture 4 Novel Network Computing Paradigms (I) Part B Cloud Computing Graduate Course, Hosei U., J. Ma 1

2 Computing Paradigm Evolution Personal PC Client Server Cloud Computing Hardware Centric Software Centric Service Centric 2 2

3 Novel Computing Trends Service Computing EaaS: Everything as a service SaaS/AaaS, HaaS/IaaS, PaaS, CaaS, XasS, Cloud Computing 3

4 Photo Video Store Blog Process Store Send Cloud Computing System and Services Reorganize the IT Commercial Mode 1. Sell Service instead of Software 2. Charge Users according Usages 4

5 User Centric E.g. Data Data stored in the Cloud Data follows you & your devices Data accessible anywhere Data can be shared with others messages preferences news contacts calendar investments maps mailing lists s phone numbers photo music 5

6 Example : GMail San Francisco, Monday Home, Wednesday Beijing, on travel Just a web browser and your account with password! Once you login, the device is yours. Data stored on remote servers in the cloud (with large capacity) 6

7 Cloud vs. Grid Cloud Massive-Scale Service Sharing All Ways to Cloud Grids Large-Scale Resource Sharing 7

8 The Cloud A style of computing where massively scalable (and elastic) IT-related capabilities are provided as a service to external customers using Internet technologies. Acquisition Model: Based on purchasing of services Business Model: Based on pay for use What s new? Access Model: Over the Internet to ANY device Technical Model: Scalable, elastic, dynamic, multitenant, & sharable Source: Gartner 8 8

9 Basic building block of cloud computing 10/13/

10 Three Aspects of Cloud Services Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Hardware as a Service (HaaS) CPU, Storage: Amazon.com, Nirvanix, GoGrid. Platform as a Service (PaaS) Google App Engine, Microsoft Azure, Manjrasoft Aneka.. Software as a Service (SaaS) Application as a Service (AaaS) SalesForce.Com, Google Apps, Flickr Software as a Service (SaaS) Platform as a Service (PaaS) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) What are next? X as a Service XaaS /?aas 10

11 Cloud Applications SaaS resides here Most common Cloud / Many providers of different services Examples: SalesForce, Gmail, Yahoo! Mail, Quicken Online Advantages: Free, Easy, Consumer Adoption Disadvantages: Limited functionality, no control or access to underlying technology 11

12 Cloud Platforms Containers Closed environments Examples: Google App Engine, Heroku, Mosso, Engine Yard, Joyent or Force.com (SalesForce Dev Platform) Advantages: Good for developers, more control than Application Clouds, tightly configured Disadvantages: Restricted to what is available, other dependencies 12

13 Cloud Infrastructure Provide Compute and Storage clouds Virtualization layers (hardware/software) Examples: Amazon EC2, GoGrid, Amazon S3, Nirvanix, Linode Advantages: Full control of environments and infrastructure Disadvantages: premium price point, limited competition 13

14 Provisioning Manager Virtual Machines General Architecture Provisioning Interface servers storage Monitoring Manager 14

15 Clouds based on Ownership and Exposure Public/Internet Clouds Private/Enterprise Clouds Hybrid/Mixed Clouds 3rd party, multi-tenant Cloud infrastructure & services: * available on subscription basis (pay as you go) Cloud computing model run within a company s own Data Center / infrastructure for internal and/or partners use. Mixed usage of private and public Clouds: Leasing public cloud services when private cloud capacity is insufficient 15

16 Cloud Techniques 10/13/

17 Virtualization Management coupling between the hardware and OS abstraction of logical resources to improve agility, flexibility reduces cost and enhance business value Server, storage & network virtualization 10/13/

18 Security security is the focal concern in terms of data, infrastructure and virtualization etc. data privacy, DDoS, Side-Channel Attack you might trust CC services provider that your data is safe & they do not spy on you!! Encryption/Decryption Privacy and Federated Identity Federation is the act of combining data or identities across multiple systems. Federation can be done by a cloud provider or by a cloud broker. Authorization and Authentication Trustworthy computing 10/13/

19 Data Governance Interoperability applications to be ported between clouds, or to use multiple cloud infrastructures. Organization involvement Cloud Computing Interoperability Forum (CCIF) Open Cloud Consortium (OCC) Open Grid Forum (OGF) Distributed Management Task Force (DMTF) Microsoft s approach to interoperability principles Data Migration Data migration between cross data center or cloud systems is important no data loss, availability, scalability, cost efficiency and many more. 10/13/2014 The International Workshop on 19 Ubiquitous Computing & 19

20 Cloud Architecture: QoS negotiation and SLAbased Resource Allocation Users/ Brokers SLA Resource Allocator Service Request Examiner and Admission Control - Customer-driven Service Management - Computational Risk Management - Autonomic Resource Management Pricing Accounting VM Monitor Dispatcher Service Request Monitor Virtual Machines (VMs) Physical Machines 20

21 Some Commercial-Oriented Cloud platforms/technologies System Property Amazon EC2 & S3 Google App Engine Microsoft Azure Manjrasoft Aneka Focus IaaS IaaS/PaaS IaaS/PaaS PaaS Service Type Compute (EC2), Storage (S3) Web apps Web and non-web apps Virtualisation OS Level: Xen Apps container OS level/hyper-v Dynamic Negotiation of QoS User Access Interface None None None EC2 Command-line Tools Web-based Administration Console Windows Azure portal Web APIs Yes Yes Yes Yes Value-added Service Providers Yes No Yes No Compute/Data Resource Manager and Scheduler SLA-oriented/ Resource Reservation Workbench, Tools Programming Framework Amazon Machine Image (AMI) Python.NET framework Multiple App models in.net languages 21

22 Many Cloud Offerings: Good, but new issues- vendor lock in, scaling across clouds Manjrasoft Aneka Complex decisions to make? 22

23 Cloud Computing Challenges: Dealing with too many issues Scalability Billing Reliability Utility & Risk Management Programming Env. & Application Dev. Uhm, I am not quite clear Yet another complex IT paradigm? Software Eng. Complexity 23

24 Cloud Computing 10/14/

25 From Data to Wisdom Interaction, Personalization, Context-aware, Affective/Emotion, Auto-perception, Active-service, Ontologies, Models, Rules, Meta data, Data Features, Refined Records, Cases,... DIKW)Hierarchy Wisdom 3 Knowledge 2 Information Web Pages Texts Videos... 1 Data Audio Pictures 1 Data structuring, relational connection, distillation or pattern recognition 2 Collecting and understanding the information 3 Transforming outside knowledge to the inner and judicious application of knowledge

26 WaaS - Wisdom as a Service WaaS is a content architecture of the W2T cycle. It is also a perspective of W2T in services. Smart Living Providing services based on both already-created and will-created raw data, information, knowledge and wisdom. DIKW)Hierarchy Wisdom Knowledge Information Data WaaS Architecture Wisdom-as-a-Service (WaaS) Knowledge-as-a-Service (KaaS) Information-as-a-Service (InaaS) Data-as-a-Service (DaaS) Knowledge Query Services Knowledge Retrieval Services Development and Management Services of Knowledge Bases Information Retrieval Services Data Mining Services Data Curation Services Data Collection Service Data Production Service Data Sharing Services

27 An Open and Interoperable iit Architecture for the W2T Cycle System Architecture Content Architecture Cloud Computing Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) WaaS Architecture Wisdom-as-a-Service (WaaS) Knowledge-as-a-Service (KaaS) Information-as-a-Service (InaaS) Data-as-a-Service (DaaS)

28 WaaS Standard and Service Platform WaaS Content Schedule Standards Intelligent Application Standards WaaS Standard System WaaS Application Portal Data/Information/Knowledge Buses WaaS Platform Data Accessing Standards Data Content and Format Standards Data Transmission Protocols Data Collection Interface Standards DaaS Standard System Data Query Data Management Data Cleaning Data Collection DaaS Platform DaaS Information Accessing Standards Metadata Standards Data-Mining-Related Standards Information- Retrieval-Related Standards InaaS Standard System Data Curation Data Mining Information Retrieval InaaS Platform InaaS Knowledge Accessing Standards Knowledge Representation and Organization Standards Knowledge Retrieval Standards KaaS Standard System Knowledge Query Knowledge Management Knowledge Development Knowledge Retrieval KaaS Platform KaaS Private Cloud Brain and Intelligence Big Data Center Information Assurance Framework Large Knowledge Collider