CHAPTER 8 CLOUD COMPUTING

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1 CHAPTER 8 CLOUD COMPUTING SE 458 SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE Assist. Prof. Dr. Volkan TUNALI Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences / Maltepe University

2 Topics 2 Cloud Computing Essential Characteristics Cloud Service Delivery Models Software as a Service (SaaS) Platform as a Service (PaaS) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Cloud Deployment Models SOA vs. Cloud Computing Virtualization Benefits of Cloud Computing Risks of Cloud Computing

3 Introduction 3 Continuing demand for business expansion. Invest in stand alone servers or software. These resources are usually underutilized. They become quickly obselete. ~ 70% of IT investment on maintenance.

4 Cloud Computing 4 Reduces IT complexity by leveraging the efficient pooling of on-demand, self-managed virtual infrastructure, consumed as a service. Delivery of resources Dynamically scalable Virtualized Provided as a service over the Internet Decoupling the delivery of computing services from their underlying technology.

5 Cloud Computing 5 Defined by National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as: A consumption and on-demand delivery computing paradigm that enables convenient network access to a shared pool of configurable and often virtualized computing resources (e.g. networks, servers, storage, middleware and applications as services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.

6 Business Benefits 6 Almost zero up-front infrastructure investment. Just-in-time infrastructure. More efficient resource utilization. Elastic capacity (scale up or down). Usage based costing. Reduction in application processing time.

7 Essential Characteristics 7 On demand self-service. Ubiquitous network access. Location independent resource pooling. Rapid elasticity and provisioning. Pay-per-use measured service.

8 Cloud Service Delivery Models 8 Usually 3 models of service delivery. Software as a Service (SaaS) Platform as a Service (PaaS) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

9 Cloud Service Delivery Models 9

10 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) 10 Lowest layer. A means of delivering very basic computing capability machines with operating systems and storage as services over the network. Offers computational services so that users can use CPU cycles or storage space without buying computing or storage devices. Example: Amazon Web Services with Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) Simple Storage Service (S3)

11 Platform as a Service (PaaS) 11 Between IaaS and SaaS. Environment where developers build and run an application platform in the cloud, using whatever pre-built components and interfaces that particular platform provides as a service to developers over the Web. Examples: Google App Engine and Force.com.

12 Software as a Service (SaaS) 12 On-demand application delivery model over the Internet built upon the underlying IaaS and PaaS layers. Essentially software applications that are owned, delivered, and managed remotely by one or more software providers. Examples: SalesForce.com (offers CRM applications) and Amazon Fulfillment Web Service.

13 Cloud Deployment Models 13 3 major cloud deployment models. Public cloud Private cloud Hybrid cloud

14 SOA vs. Cloud Computing 14 SOA is an architecture pattern, while the cloud is a target deployment platform for that architecture pattern. Cloud computing provides computing resources and platforms that SOA applications require but an organization does not own. Both SOA and Cloud Computing share concepts of service orientation.

15 SOA vs. Cloud Computing 15 Cloud processing and cloud storage are natural target platforms for SOA application deployment. Modern SOA applications require that services are Designed to be location independent, Implementation neutral, Distributed (protentially heterogenous). When the service implementation infrastructure is realized inside-the-cloud, these 3 options are possible.

16 Virtualization 16 Technique of managing systems and resources functionally, regardless of their physical layout or location, and hiding their physical characteristics from the way in which other systems, applications or end users interact with them. It makes the attributes of Cloud Computing possible: Scalability, Elasticity, Share-ability.

17 Virtualization 17 Makes a single physical resource appear to function as multiple logical resources. A server, an operating system, an application, or storage device. Makes multiple physical resources appear as a single logical resouces. Storage devices or servers. Permits multiple users and applications to share pyhsical resources without affecting each other.

18 Types of Virtualization 18 Network Virtualization Server Virtualization Server Clustering Storage Virtualization Application Virtualization

19 Components of Virtualization Environment 19

20 Potential Benefits of Cloud Computing 20 Cost reduction/avoidance Shifting of resources towards higher value activities Enhanced service delivery Agility and scalability Efficiency Resiliency

21 Potential Risks of Cloud Computing 21 Cloud service outages Lack of interoperability between computing clouds Lack of compatibility with existing applications IT policy concerns Security and privacy risks

22 Summary 22 Cloud Computing is a computing paradigm and an associated set of business models used to provide on demand access to a shared pool of configurable, scalable computing resources delivered as a service to external customers via the Internet. Services include storage, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines.