Perspectives on Moving to the Cloud Paradigm and the Need for Standards. Peter Mell, Tim Grance NIST, Information Technology Laboratory

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1 Perspectives on Moving to the Cloud Paradigm and the Need for Standards Peter Mell, Tim Grance NIST, Information Technology Laboratory

2 2 NIST Cloud Computing Resources NIST Draft Definition of Cloud Computing Presentation on Effective and Secure Use of Cloud Computing

3 Caveats and Disclaimers This presentation provides education on cloud technology and its benefits to set up a discussion of cloud security It is NOT intended to provide official NIST guidance and NIST does not make policy Any mention of a vendor or product is NOT an endorsement or recommendation Citation Note: All sources for the material in this presentation are included within the Powerpoint notes field on each slide 3

4 4 A Working Definition of Cloud Computing Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction. This cloud model promotes availability and is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models.

5 5 5 Essential Cloud Characteristics On-demand self-service Ubiquitous network access Resource pooling Location independence Homogeneity Rapid elasticity Measured service

6 6 Common Cloud Characteristics Cloud computing often leverages: Massive scale Virtualization Non-stop computing Free software Geographic distribution Service oriented software Autonomic computing Advanced security technologies

7 7 3 Cloud Service Models Cloud Software as a Service (SaaS) Use provider s applications over a network Cloud Platform as a Service (PaaS) Deploy customer-created applications to a cloud Cloud Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) Rent processing, storage, network capacity, and other fundamental computing resources To be considered cloud they must be deployed on top of cloud infrastructure that has the key characteristics

8 8 4 Cloud Deployment Models Private cloud enterprise owned or leased Community cloud shared infrastructure for specific community Public cloud Sold to the public, mega-scale infrastructure Hybrid cloud composition of two or more clouds

9 Secure Migration Paths for Cloud Computing 9

10 10 The Why and How of Cloud Migration There are many benefits that explain why to migrate to clouds Cost savings, power savings, green savings, increased agility in software deployment Cloud security issues may drive and define how we adopt and deploy cloud computing solutions

11 11 Balancing Threat Exposure and Cost Effectiveness Private clouds may have less threat exposure than community clouds which have less threat exposure than public clouds. All else being equal, massive public clouds may be more cost effective than large community clouds which may be more cost effective than small private clouds. Doesn t strong security controls mean that I can adopt the most cost effective approach?

12 12 Cloud Migration and Cloud Security Architectures Clouds typically have a single security architecture but have many customers with different demands Clouds should attempt to provide configurable security mechanisms Organizations have more control over the security architecture of private clouds followed by community and then public This doesn t say anything about actual security Higher sensitivity data is likely to be processed on clouds where organizations have control over the security model

13 13 Cloud Migration and Security Controls Clouds can contain strong security controls Quantifying security advantages vs. challenges is not currently possible Reducing the threat exposure and implementing strong security controls should lead to processing higher sensitivity data Thus, strong security controls are necessary for all cloud models (even private clouds)

14 14 Putting it Together Most clouds will require very strong security controls All models of cloud may be used for differing tradeoffs between threat exposure and efficiency There is no one cloud. There are many models and architectures. How does one choose?

15 15 Migration Paths for Cloud Adoption Use public clouds Develop private clouds Build a private cloud Procure an outsourced private cloud Migrate data centers to be private clouds (fully virtualized) Build or procure community clouds Organization wide SaaS PaaS and IaaS Disaster recovery for private clouds Use hybrid-cloud technology Workload portability between clouds

16 Cloud Computing and Standards 16

17 17 A proposal: The Cloud Interoperability Profile We need to define minimal standards Enable cloud integration, application portability, and data portability Avoid over specification that will inhibit innovation Let s create a blueprint for cloud design Specifies versions of standards Separately addresses different cloud models Example: WS-I Basic Profile for SOA Let s call it the Cloud Interoperability Profile (CIP) (pronounced sip )

18 18 NIST and Standards NIST is very interested in learning about emerging cloud standards We want to be catalysts to help industry formulate their own standards Cloud standards frameworks Identification of needed standards We want to promote government and industry adoption of cloud standards

19 Cloud Computing Publications 19

20 20 Planned NIST Cloud Computing Publication NIST is planning a series of publications on cloud computing NIST Special Publication to be created in FY09 What problems does cloud computing solve? What are the technical characteristics of cloud computing? How can we best leverage cloud computing and obtain security?

21 21 Questions? Peter Mell NIST, Information Technology Laboratory Computer Security Division Tim Grance NIST, Information Technology Laboratory Computer Security Division Contact information is available from:

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