INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY / ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

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1 INTRODUCTION TO INDUSTRIAL PSYCHOLOGY / ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR

2 The Field of I/O Psychology

3 The Field of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior DEFINITION: Industrial / Organizational psychology is a branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to the workplace. Organizational Behavior is the study of individuals and their behavior with the contest of the organization in workplace setting.

4 The Field of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior The goal of I/O psychology is to increase the productivity and well-being of employees.

5 The Field of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior The purpose of I/O psychology is to enhance the dignity and performance of human beings, and the organizations they work in, by advancing the science and knowledge of human behavior (Rucci, 2008)

6 The Field of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior I/O psychology examines factors that affect the people in an organization.

7 The Field of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior Work Commute to work Watch TV Sleep Prepare and eat meals Other 8 hours 1 hour 3 hours 8 hours 2 hours 2 hours With the possible exception of sleeping, people spend more time at their jobs at any other activity in life (and sometimes these two activities overlap!)

8 The Field of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior If a person is unhappy at work for 8 hours a day, the residual effects of this unhappiness will affect the quality of that person s family and leisure life as well.

9 Major Fields of I/O Psychology

10 Major Fields of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior The industrial approach (the I in I/O Psychology) focuses on determining the competencies needed to perform a job, staffing the organization with employees who have those competences, and increasing those competences through training.

11 Major Fields of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior The organizational approach (the O in I/O Psychology) creates an organizational structure and culture that will motivate employees to perform well, give them the necessary information to do their jobs, and provide working conditions that are safe result in an enjoyable and satisfying work environment.

12 Major Fields of Industrial Psychology / Organizational Behavior The field of I/O Psychology consists of three major subfields: Personnel Psychology Organizational Psychology / Behavior Human factors Industrial psychologists work in a variety of settings including industry, government, education, and consulting firms.

13 Major Fields of I/O Psychology

14 Major Fields of I/O Psychology

15 Major Fields of I/O Psychology Workplace design Physical fatigue and stress Human Factors / Ergonomics Humanmachine interaction Ergonomics

16 Brief History of I/O Psychology

17 Brief History of I/O Psychology I/O Psychology was born in the early 1900s. The term industrial psychology was seldom used prior to World War I. Instead, the common terms for the field were: economic psychology business psychology employment psychology Division 14 of the APA began in 1945 with 130 members and now has nearly 6,000 members.

18 Brief History of I/O Psychology I/O Psychology made its first big impact during de World War I. I/O psychologist were employed to test recruits and then place them in appropriate positions.

19 Brief History of I/O Psychology The Hawthorne studies (1939), conducted at the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company in Chicago area. Demonstrated that employee behavior was complex and that the interpersonal interactions between managers and employees played a tremendous role in employee behavior.