Dott. Ruggero Giorgianni. Gruppo Pre-intermediate. Il Futuro

Transcription

1 Dott. Ruggero Giorgianni Lezione 6 Corso di lingua inglese - Axada Gruppo Pre-intermediate Il Futuro Il futuro in inglese si può esprimere in 3 modi: 1) will/shall + verbo base 2) be going to + verbo base 3) Present continuous 1) will/shall + verbo base Questa struttura si forma con will seguito dal verbo all'infinito senza to esempio forma affermativa: Jane will leave forma negativa: Jane will not leave /Jane won't leave forma interrogativa: Will Jane leave? Shall si usa solo in situazioni molto formali con le prime persone I e we. Nel parlato e nei testi informali scritti, will si contrae in 'll. Le forma contratte negative sono won't (will not) e shan't (shall not) Significato: Generalmente will esprime una previsione, ciò che si pensa accadrà in futuro, e di solito è accompagnato da un complemento di tempo come ad esempio perhaps, probably e definitely Juventus will definitely win tonight Perhaps it'll rain tomorrow Le previsioni sono spesso introdotte da I expect, Ithink o I am sure I expect I'll be late tonight I am sure you will enjoy they film I don't think it'll rain tomorrow

2 Un altro uso di will è quello che esprime la volontà don't worry I'll do it (nella forma negativa il not non si applica a will, ma al verbo di previsione) 2) be going to + verbo base Questa struttura si forma con le voci di be + going + il verbo all'infinito esempio forma affermativa: Jane is going to learn to drive forma negativa: Jane isn't going to learn to drive forma interrogativa: Are you going to learn to drive? Significato: Il futuro con be going to può avere due significati abbastanza simili: Progetti o intenzioni: I am going to do a lot of work this evening Jack is going to study in France Fatti imminenti: Look out! These books are going to fall on your head! 3) Present continuous Questa struttura si forma con le voci di be + la forma in ing del verbo esempio forma affermativa: I am having a party. Are you coming? forma negativa: I am not coming with you tonight. forma interrogativa: Are you doing anything on friday evening? Significato: Il futuro con il present continuous si usa per indicare azioni imminenti o stabilite: I am going to Palermo next week

3 Nel caso di avvenimenti fissati in base ad orari o scadenze si usa il present simple: The concert starts at 7:00 o' clock. Esercizi: 1 Riscrivi le frasi utilizzando le frasi indicate tra parentesi: a) It'll be cold tomorrow. (I am sure)... b) We'll win. (I expect)... c) I'll leave now (I think)... d) Jim won't be late (I am sure)... e) It won't take long (I expect)... f) You won't have any problems (I think)... g) You'll enjoy the party (I am sure)... h) They won't decide anything yet (I think)... i) The weather won't change (I expect)... j) The new rules won't make any difference. ( I think)... 2 Riformula le frasi utilizzando le forme adatte di be going to:

4 a) Joe plans to buy a new computer next year b) We don't plan to play tennis this weekend. c) Does Nick plan to join the sports club? d) What are your plans for next summer? e) Look! That tree about to fall over! f) Do you plan to work hard this year? g) The forecast for tomorrow is rain. h) Do Mike and Pat plan to make some sandwiches for the party? i) I don't plan to have a birthday party this year. 3 Completa ogni frase con il present continuous (futuro) di uno dei verbi indicati: come have do get go have leave meet stay work a) I've enjoyed my holiday here, but... home tomorrow. b) Mark... a party on his birthday. c) Some friends... to stay with me next week. d)... anything tonight? Would you like to come to the cinema? e) What time... in the morning? Do you want me to take you to the airport? f) Don't forget. You...dinner this evening. It's your turn! g) I can't see you at I... some friends at that time.

5 h) Elisabeth and Steve... married in July. i)... tomorrow? Or have you got a free day? j) I haven't got any lessons tomorrow, so I'... at home. 4 Scegli la risposta o le risposte più adatte (tra A,B,C) a) Are you busy on saturday evening? A I am going to the cinema. B I'll go to the cinema. C I'm going to the cinema. b) I need some help with the shopping. A All right, I'm helping you. B All right, I'll help you. C All right, I am going to help you. c) We have some great news for you! A We're getting married. B We are going to get married. C We'll get married. d) Don't worry about the exam. A I am sure you are passing. B I'm sure you're going to pass. C I'm sure you'll pass. e) Pat has bought her ticket. A She's leaving on tuesday. B She's going to leave on tuesday. C She'll leave on tuesday. f) I have to leave early this afternoon A I am going to the dentist's. B I'm going to go to the dentist's. C I'll go to the dentist's. 5 In ciascun minidialogo scegli la soluzione corretta 1 o 2 a) Can you come dancing tomorrow night? 1 Sorry, I'll play basketball. 2 Sorry, I'm playing basketball.

6 b) What are your plans for the summer? 1 I'll spend a month in the mountains. 2 I'm going to spend a month in the mountains. c) What do you think about the weather? 1 It'll probably rain tomorrow. 2 It's raining tomorrow. d) What about tomorrow at about 5.30? 1 I won't be here then. 2 I'm not being here then. e) Lizzy is buying a dog next week. 1 Really? What is she going to call it? 2 Really? What is she calling it? f) It would be nice to see you next week. 1 Are you doing anything on Wednesday? 2 Will you do anything on Wednesday? g) There are lots of black clouds. 1 Yes, there's going to be a strom. 2 Yes, there will be a storm. h) What do you think about next month's election? 1 I think Green Party is definitely winning. 2 I think Green Party will definitely win. 5 Metti il verbo indicato alla forma con will o con be going to o con il present continuous. Potrebbe essere accettabile più di una soluzione. a) Have you heard the news? Harry (join)... the army! b)sorry to keep you waiting. I (not be)... long. c) According to the weather forecast, it (snow)... tomorrow. d) I am sorry, I can't meet you tonight. I (go out)...with my parents. e) Careful! You (knock)... that jug off the table!

7 f) In fifty years' time, most people (probably ride)... bicycles to work. g) Our teacher (give)... us a test tomorrow. h) I (go)... to Manchester at the end of next week. i) Watch out! You (hit)... that tree! j) I think our team (probably win)...