Geosoft Technical Note Working with 3D Views in Oasis montaj

Transcription

1 Introduction Geosoft Technical Note Working with 3D Views in Oasis montaj Oasis montaj 3D views are a representation of a 3D drawing space on a standard Geosoft map. The 3D capabilities enable you to display multiple surfaces, each with its own relief and contents, and each with its own orientation in 3D space. To create 3D views requires the licensed processing engine, but 3D views on an existing map can be viewed and manipulated in the Oasis montaj interface. Overview of 3D Views, Groups and Planes Geosoft Maps use Views to organize and display information. Most Geosoft maps contain both a Base view and a Data view. The Base view uses coordinates in millimetres relative to the scale on the final printed-paper, and the Data view uses a coordinate system that can represent a projected or geographic coordinate system on the earth, or simply an arbitrary X, Y Cartesian coordinate system. Views contain Groups, and these groups in turn contain drawing elements. All Groups within a 2D View are drawn in the coordinate system of that View. 2D Views contain one flat drawing surface, which is defined by the View s coordinate system. A 3D View can be created directly from a grid file or from an existing 2D View or Group already displayed on a map. Like 2D Views, a 3D view also represents coordinates, but in this case in X, Y and Z. 3D Views may also contain any number of drawing planes. Any Group or drawing element that can be drawn on a 2D View can be drawn on a Plane in a 3D View. Each plane in a 3D view can be oriented independently in the 3D coordinate system. A Plane in a 3D view can be flat or it can have a surface relief defined by a grid file. 3D Tool and 3D Viewer The 3D Tool enables you to modify the appearance of your 3D View in the 3D Viewer. The 3D Tool will appear whenever a 3D Viewer is open. If more than one 3D Viewer is open, the parameters of the 3D Tool will represent whichever Viewer is currently selected (highlighted). The 3D Tool consists of a dialog with four tabs and a 3D Viewer. Each tab enables you modify different aspects of the 3D View within the 3D Viewer. The View tab enables you to modify the overall view of the 3D View on a map. The Plane tab enables you to modify the individual planes within each 3D View The Axis tab enables you to add labels, axis, and a box around the 3D View. The 3D Con tab enables you to adjust the rendering resolution in the 3D Tool.

2 Plot a grid in a 3D View A good place to begin working with 3D Views is to plot a grid file in a 3D View. A 3D View of a grid is plotted either to a new map or in the centre of a current map. The 3D Surface menu is easy to find under the Grid Display grid menu. TO PLOT A GRID IN A 3D VIEW: 1 On the Grid menu, select Display grid 3D Surface. The 3D Surface from a grid dialog will be displayed. 2 You can select different grids for the Surface relief and Colour image grids, or as shown above, you can select the same grid file for both so that the colour surface will coincide with the relief surface. 3 Click the [Next>] button. The Surface grid dialog is displayed.

3 4 To calculate the Surface grid statistics, click the [Defaults] button. This surface grid information may be modified here or you can do it later from within the 3D Tool. 5 Click the [Next>] button. The 3D Controls dialog is displayed. 6 You can also edit the 3D Controls parameters now, during the creation of the 3D Surface, or from within the 3D Tool while linked to the 3D Viewer in realtime so that changes are displayed immediately. 7 Click the [Finish] button to plot the 3D View to a new map. Note that, the 3D Tool and 3D Viewer are now open in the foreground of your workspace. The 3D Viewer enables you to change the point of view and work with all the attributes that make up the 3D View by using the controls in the 3D Tool.

4 3D Tool and 3D Viewer The 3D Viewer enables you to change the point of view and work with all the attributes that make up the 3D View by using the controls in the 3D Tool 8 The map is plotted behind the Viewer and when you close the 3D Tool, the map displays the 3D View exactly as it was displayed in the 3D Viewer. Note that you can move and size the 3D View on the map as required, just like any other 2D View. Open the 3D Viewer The 3D Viewer and the 3D Tool can be opened at any time. When you close the 3D Viewer, any modifications made to the 3D View will be displayed on the current map. TO OPEN THE 3D VIEWER: 9 Select the 3D View in an open map; make sure you are in View mode by selecting the Select/change the current view ( ) button. 10 Double click on the 3D View or right click and from the popup menu select 3D Viewer. The 3D Viewer and the 3D Tool will be displayed. The 3D Tool is shared by all open 3D Views (if more than one 3D View is open). The parameters and controls in the 3D Tool will represent whichever Viewer is currently selected (highlighted).

5 Use the 3D Tool The 3D Tool enables you to modify the appearance of your 3D View in the 3D Viewer. The 3D Tool consists of a dialog with four tabs and a 3D Viewer. Each tab enables you modify different aspects of the 3D View within the 3D Viewer. View Tab The View tab enables you to: Rotate your 3D View 360 degrees in all directions Zoom in and out of the displayed View Use the Pan tool Centre the displayed View (reset focus point of the View) Modify the brightness level Specify and/or fix the inclination of the View Specify and/or fix the declination of the View Select the Plane to modify Select the plane Offset in Z units Specify the Transparency of the plane Specify the viewing distance from the central focal point of the View The View tab enables you to modify your perspective when looking at 3D data. Selecting the radio buttons (or using the right mouse button popup menu) enables you to interactively adjust the viewing position in the 3D Viewer. Adjustments made in the Rotate and Zoom mode will be displayed in the Inclination, Declination, and Distance boxes. You can edit these values to fine-tune the alignment or to produce identical perspectives in multiple 3D views. Checking the Fix boxes enables you to fix an axis in Rotate mode. For example, fixing the Inclination creates a fixed vertical axis and Fix the Declination to produce a fixed horizontal axis. Plane Tab If your mouse has a roller control, dialing the roller will move the view position in and out from the centre of the view. The Planes tab enables you to: Indicate the name of the Relief grid (if one is used for the selected plane) Specify the Sample resolution of the relief grid Specify the Base value of the relief grid Specify the vertical Scale of the relief grid Specify a minimum clipped value for the relief grid Specify a maximum clipped value for the relief grid The Planes tab enables you to modify the individual planes within each 3D View. When more that one plane is included in a view, it is necessary to select the specific plane in order to view/modify the attributes of the plane. If the selected plane contains a colour grid or image then you can adjust the transparency bar to see the planes that are located below it.

6 Axis Tab The Axis tab enables you to: Add a box around the 3D View display Add an axis to the 3D View display Specify the X, Y and Z axis labels The Axis tab enables you to add axis labels, axis coordinates, and a box around the 3D view. 3DCon (Controls) Tab The 3DCon (Controls) tab enables you to: Adjust the "full" redraw rendering resolution Adjust the "fast" motion rendering resolution Important information about the 3DCon tab: The controls on the 3DCon tab are system controls and changes made to this tab will affect all 3D maps in your Oasis montaj system. Full rendering occurs every time you modify the 3D view and the view is redrawn. Fast rendering occurs when the image is in constant motion for example while rotating, zooming or panning. 3D Rendering Memory Requirements You can adjust the rendering resolution for 3D Views on the 3DCon tab. The controls on this tab are system controls and changes made to this tab will affect all 3D maps in your Oasis montaj system. The 3D Views rendering process makes heavy use of the available memory on your video card, and performance will be substantially reduced if your limits are exceeded. Full render resolution: When the full render resolution is set to maximum it can easily consume hundreds of megabytes of memory ( Mb). This is because the data must be

7 swapped back and forth between your hard disk and your RAM memory. If you do not have adequate memory available your computer will start to thrash, your hard drive light will turn on and stay on and the rendering will take a very long time. If you have less than 256 Mb of RAM, you should not increase this control. Fast render resolution The fast render resolution moves 128 Kb to the video card at the low range, 2 MB at the middle range and 24 Mb at the high range. This means that every time you draw in FAST mode you move that much memory to the video card. Unfortunately, if your memory bandwidth is low or your video card is not very fast this slows down the rendering time. Plot 3D view from an existing map Any map object that can be drawn in a 2D View can be drawn on a plane in a 3D View. This includes images and drawn or vector features. In the following example, we will display a scanned geology TIFF on a 3D plane using a topography grid file to define the surface relief. We begin with a standard Oasis montaj map with a 2D view displaying the scanned geology TIFF image and coordinates as shown below: If your TIFF is not a georeferenced GeoTIFF you will need to apply a warp to the image to set the coordinate information. In order to keep the colours of the original image, the warped output image must be a Geosoft COLOUR grid (*.grd) File type.

8 TO PLOT A 3D VIEW FROM AN EXISTING MAP: 1 On the Mapping menu, select Create a new 3D View. The Create a new 3D View dialog will be displayed. You can also open the Create a new 3D View dialog by clicking the right mouse button while the cursor is over the open map and selecting Create a new 3D View from the popup menu. 2 This dialog will enable you to create a new 3D View on a map or add a new drawing plane to an existing 3D View (Note that 3D Views can contain any number of drawing planes). 3 Specify a New 3D View name. In this case, we are calling it (3D_View). It is extremely important that when you create a new 3D view that you create a new name for the view rather than selecting a name from the dropdown list. The dropdown list is presented to enable you to see what view names you may already have. Do not overwrite one of the existing 2D views, unless you want to replace it. 4 Specify an appropriate Name of new plane in 3D view. In this case, we are calling it (geology). 5 From the View or View/Group to draw on plane dropdown list, you can select a specific Group from the data View or the entire data View to be plotted on the 3D surface. In this case, we are selecting the geology image group from the data view (Data\AGG_geology). 6 Using the [Browse] button, locate the Relief surface grid (optional) to be used. In this case, we are using a (topography.grd) file. The topography grid that we are using for the surface relief was obtained from the 1km Globe Digital Elevation Model on Geosoft s DAP Server. For more information about DAP please refer to the Geosoft DAP Website, 7 Click the [Next>] button. The Relief surface grid dialog is displayed.

9 8 Click the [Default] button to display the grid scaling parameters and cliplimits calculated from the relief grid. The default Relief base and the Vertical scale are determined from the relief grid for aesthetic purposes. When the relief grid is a topography grid (that is the z units are the same as the x and y units), then the 3D image will be realistic if the Relief base is adjusted to 0 and the Vertical scale is set to 1. For more information about these parameters, or any dialog parameter, click the [Help] button. 9 To continue, click the [Next>] button. The 3D Controls dialog is displayed.

10 10 This dialog enables you to specify the appearance of the 3D view on the map. Click the [OK] button to plot the 3D view to the current map and open the 3D Tool and 3D Viewer. 11 Using the 3D Viewer, orient the view to the desired perspective and when you are satisfied with the orientation close the 3D Viewer. 12 The 3D view is placed in the center of the current map. Using the standard 2D map tools, you can move and size the 3D view into the desirable position on the map.

11 Add a coincident plane to an existing 3D View You can add any number of new drawing planes to an existing 3D view. Anything that can be drawn on a 2D view can be drawn on a plane in a 3D view. In the next example, we will create a new plane that will include gridded magnetic data draped on topography that will appear in a plane coincident to the geology plane. TO ADD A NEW PLANE TO AN EXISTING 3D VIEW: 1 Open the map and make sure you are in View mode by selecting the Select/change the current view ( ) button. 2 Select the 3D view on the map and with the mouse cursor over the 3D view, right-click and from the popup menu, select Add a new drawing plane. The Add a new drawing plane to a 3D view dialog will be displayed. You can also add a new drawing plane from within the 3D Viewer by right clicking, and from the popup menu select Add a new drawing plan. 3 Enter the Name of new plane in 3D view ( if you enter the name of an existing plane, that plane will be replaced) and specify the same relief grid as for the geology plane. 4 We are not drawing anything on the new plane yet, therefore we will leave the remaining parameters blank and click the [Next>] button to continue.

12 5 Click the [Finish] button to create the empty plane in the 3D view. The new plane will be invisible because we have not yet drawn anything on it. 6 The new plane in the 3D View is now the default drawing plane, so anything we now draw using the standard Oasis montaj drawing tools will appear on this new plane. Draw a group directly onto a plane in an existing 3D View You can draw groups including grids, images, contours, and symbols to a plane in a 3D view just like drawing to a 2D view. After creating a 3D view, it becomes your Default Drawing View so that the next group you plot will be drawn on the Default Drawing Plane which is the most recent plane in the view unless set otherwise by the user through the popup menu in the 3D Viewer. You can make the 2D view your default drawing plane using the option Mapping Default Data Drawing View.menu item. TO DRAW AN AGGREGATE GROUP ON A PLANE IN AN EXISTING 3D VIEW: 1 For this example, the magnetics grid will be plotted using the Grid Display Grid Single Grid menu item. 2 In the 3D Tool, adjust the transparency of the geology plane so that the magnetics plane is visible. You can adjust the Offset in the Planes tab of the 3D Tool to create space between the coincident planes.

13 Add a flat plane to an existing 3D View You can add any number of new drawing planes to an existing 3D view. Anything that can be drawn on a 2D view can be drawn on a plane in a 3D view. In the next example, we will create a new plane that will include picked target symbols that will appear to float above the other planes. TO ADD A FLAT PLANE TO AN EXISTING 3D VIEW: 1 Open the map and make sure you are in View mode by selecting the Select/change the current view ( ) button. 2 Select the 3D view on the map and with the mouse cursor over the 3D view, right-click and from the popup menu, select Add a new drawing plane. The Add a new drawing plane to a 3D view dialog will be displayed. You can also add a new drawing plane from within the 3D Viewer and from the popup menu select Add a new drawing plane.

14 3 Enter the Name of new plane in 3D view ( if you enter the name of an existing plane, that plane will be replaced). 4 We are not drawing anything on the new plane yet and we are going to leave this plane flat with no relief, therefore we will leave the remaining parameters blank and click the [Next>] button to continue. The New plane without relief dialog will be displayed. 5 We would like the symbols to float above the topography surface, therefore we will offset the plane to 2000, which we have chosen by looking at the vertical axis of the 3D View. Note that, the plane offset can be modified later from the 3D Tool if the number we enter here is not suitable. 6 Click the [Finish] button to create the empty plane in the 3D view. The new plane will be invisible because we have not yet drawn anything on it.

15 7 The new plane in the 3D View is now the default drawing plane, so anything we now draw using the standard Oasis montaj drawing tools will appear on this new plane. For this example, symbols representing picked target locations will be plotted from a database using the Mapping Symbols Location plot menu item. The dynamic link now exists between the maps, database, profile window, AND the 3D Viewer. Draw on a plane in a 3D View Once a 3D View exists, you can draw directly onto planes in the 3D View. For example, you may want to draw contours on a plane. To do this you need to make the plane the default drawing plane, after which anything you draw that would otherwise be placed in the Data view will be drawn directly on the plane in the 3D view. Another way to draw on an existing plane is by copying a View or View/Group that already exists in a 2D view on the same map, to a plane in the 3D View. You can also use the clipboard to cut/copy groups from other maps to the default drawing plane of a 3D view.

16 TO MAKE A PLANE THE DEFAULT DRAWING PLANE: 1 Select the 3D View in an open map; make sure you are in View mode by selecting the Select/change the current view ( ) button. 2 Right click and from the popup menu select Set default drawing plane. 3 If the 3D View contains more than one plane, the Set a default drawing plane in a 3D View dialog will be displayed. 4 From the Default drawing plane dropdown list, select a plane from the 3D view. 5 Click the [OK] button and the selected plane will now be the default drawing plane. You can also change the default drawing view from the Mapping Default Data Drawing View menu item. TO COPY A VIEW OR VIEW/GROUP TO A PLANE: 1 Select the 3D View in an open map; make sure you are in View mode by selecting the Select/change the current view ( ) button. 2 Right click and from the popup menu select Draw a View/Group on a plane. The Draw a view or group on a plane in 3D view dialog will be displayed. 3 From the View or View/Group dropdown list, select the View or View/Group you want to copy to the plane. 4 From the Draw on plane dropdown list, select the plane you want to copy the View or View/Group to. 5 Click the [OK] button to display the View or View/Group on the selected plane. To plot in the original 2D Data view, make sure that this view is selected using the View selection mode in the Map Toolbar plotting. before

17 Advanced 3D Usage 3D IP With the release of Oasis montaj 5.1.4, Interactiv IP has the ability to create 3D views of stacked sections. This one step process enables you to view the individual sections, as they are oriented in real (3D) space. The IP3DVIEW GX will create a new 3D View on a map from existing pseudosections plotted on an IP map. From a stacked section map, the individual sections are shown as they are oriented in real (3D) space. From a single-line pseudo-section map only one section will be plotted because each of the sections in those maps are at the same location. A new 3D View will be placed in the centre of the currently displayed map window. You may move and scale the 3D View just as you would any other view on the map. Drill3D Tool With the release of Oasis montaj 5.1.6, Drill3D for WholePlot added the ability to display drillhole, surface and other data types in an interactive 3D environment. Drill holes are displayed in their true three-dimensional location and can have up to two different data types plotted along their trace.

18 For more details on how to create Drill3D views, please refer to the Drill3D Tool Tutorial and Technical Note, available on the Geosoft Website at Displaying oriented grids and images in 3D Oriented section and plan grids from WholePlot and pseudo-sections from Interactiv IP have embedded coordinate information which define their location in real (3D) space. The 3D grid display option is easy to find under Grid Display Grid Single grid to a 3D view.

19 TO DISPLAY A WHOLEPLOT OR IP GRID IN A NEW OR EXISTING 3D VIEW: 1 On the Grid menu, select the Grid Display Grid Single grid to 3D view menu option. The Display an image/grid in a 3D view dialog will be displayed. 2 If the current map contains a 3D view then a list of the 3D views will appear in the 3D View name field. Otherwise the grid can be plotted to a new map where a new 3D view will be created. 3 Click the [OK] button and the selected grid will be plotted at its correct orientation in real (3D) space. If the grid is plotted to a new map, the 3D Controls dialog will be displayed with viewing parameters. Other images, such as EM section grids and seismology or geology interpreted GeoTIFFs, have coordinate information that includes a Z value, but we may be used to seeing them plotted in plan views. Now you can plot these grids in your 3D view. TO DISPLAY AN ORIENTED GRID IN A NEW OR EXISTING 3D VIEW: 4 On the Grid menu, select the Grid Display Grid Single grid to 3D view menu option. The Display an image/grid in a 3D view dialog will be displayed.

20 5 Click the [OK] button. When the grid is plotted to a new map, the 3D Controls dialog will be displayed with viewing parameters. 6 Since the grid does not have the embedded orientation information like a WholePlot section or IP pseudo-section, the Set Grid Orientation dialog will be displayed. Plan grids plot horizontally in the 3D view. Section grids plot vertically, with the direction of their Y-axis determined by the Section Azimuth value. 7 To properly orient the EM section, select the Orientation (Section). The Reference Point is the location where the grid is "anchored" in the 3D view. There are four options: Grid axis origin, Grid top left corner, Grid bottom left

21 corner and Grid top centre. If you select a reference point on the grid (one of the last three options), then the (X, Y, Z) reference point location is where you want to put that grid location in space. For more information about these parameters, or any dialog parameter, click the [Help] button. 8 For the EM grid in the above map, the top left corner of the grid is at (9283,0). Standing this grid in a section orientation, the X axis in plan view map will become the Y axis in section and the Y axis in the plan view map will become the Z axis. The X axis in the section view will be on the survey line, East. Click the [OK] button to plot the section grid in a new 3D View. 9 If the section is at an angle to the coordinate system (such as a survey grid that is at an angle to the UTM reference grid) then we can specify a Section Azimuth for the Y axis in the 3D View. For a NE-SW section the Section Azimuth is positive. Click the [OK] button to plot the angled section grid in a new 3D View. For more information about the Reference Points and the Default calculations, click the [Help] button. Orient a Grid in a 3D View Oriented section and plan grids from WholePlot and pseudo-sections from Interactiv IP have embedded coordinate information which define their location in real (3D) space. Other grids can have 3D orientation added to them in The Orient a grid in 3D option is easy to find under Grid Utililties Orient a grid in 3D

22 In the following example, we will set 3-dimensional orientation for the EM section that was displayed in the 3D view above. TO SET THE 3D ORIENTATION OF A GRID OR IMAGE: 1 On the Grid menu, select the Grid Utilities Orient a grid in 3D menu option. The Orient a grid in 3 dimensions dialog will be displayed. 2 Select the grid that the orientation will be added to. This will be store in the associated *.gi file. 3 The Grid Orientation dialog will be displayed and the same orientation information as entered above to display the grid in 3D (see the Set Grid Orientation dialog) is entered here.

23 4 Click the [OK] button and the dialog will close. The next time this grid is displayed in a 3D view using the Single grid to 3D view option, there will be no prompt to set the orientation as it is now set. 3D Symbols Symbols in the 3D view can be created with the 3D symbol option under Map Symbols 3D colour range symbols. In the following example, we will display Euler solutions in 3D View. The solution set has been windowed, and the 2D plot of the symbols resulted in this presentation:

24 TO PLOT COLOURED SYMBOL IN A 3D VIEW: 1 On the Map menu, select Symbols 3D colour range symbols. The 3D Colored symbols plot dialog will be displayed. 2 You have the option of creating the 3D View in a new map or a current map. The database that you are using to plot the symbols from must have an X, Y, and Z channel, where Z is the elevation of the symbol in the 3D space. 3 [Fixed colour] under the Colour option will plot all the data points in a single colour at their (X, Y, Z) location. By specifying [Variable colour] under the Colour option, the colours of the symbols will vary according to this fourth

25 variable. For the Euler plot, we may wish to vary the colour using the background data channel. 4 The symbols will be plotted in a 3D View on a new map. Manipulate and orient the view to see the layout in real (3D) space. 3D Symbol Views can be combined with other views that contain the same 3D area (volume) by copying and pasting the groups, just like in 2D views.

26 3D Technology Advances Geosoft is continuing to make advances in our 3D technology. If you have any questions about our 3D capabilities please contact your local technical support representative.

27 For more information, contact the Geosoft office nearest you: North America Geosoft Inc., 85 Richmond St. W., 8th Floor Toronto, Ont., Canada M5H 2C9 Tel. (416) Fax (416) South America Geosoft Latinoamerica Ltda. Av. Rio Branco, Gr CEP , Centro Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil Tel: (55-21) Fax: (55-21) [email protected] South and Central Africa Geosoft Africa Ltd. Buren Building, Second Floor Kasteelpark Office Park c/o Nossob & Jochemus Streets Erasmuskloof X3, Pretoria Tel: Fax: [email protected] Europe and North Africa Geosoft Europe Ltd. 20/21 Market Place, First Floor Wallingford, Oxfordshire United Kingdom OX10 OAD Tel: Fax: [email protected] Australia and Southeast Asia Geosoft Australia Pty. Ltd. 350 Hay Street Subiaco, WA 6008 Australia Tel. 61 (8) Fax 61 (8) [email protected]