Cathode Ray Tube Phosphors
|
|
|
- Rose Webb
- 8 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 RMA/ EIA U.S. Type Intl E.U. Type Flourescence Phosphorescence** Wavelength Peak(s) nm Cathode Ray Tube Phosphors Wavelength Range (-10%) nm Persistence OR (time to decay to 10% of peak) Composition Application?? Amber InBO3:Tb+InBO3:Eu,?? 450 ZnS:Ag?? 545 Y2O2S:Tb Display tubes?? 545 Y2SiO5:Tb Projection tubes?? 520 Very short Y3(Al,Ga)5O12:Ce Beam index tubes?? White (Zn,Cd)S:Cu,Cl+(Zn,Cd)S:Ag,Cl?? White InBO3:Tb+InBO3:Eu+ZnS:Ag?? 588 InBO3:Eu?? InBO3:Tb?? Y3(Al,Ga)5O12:Tb Projection tubes P ms P1 P1 GJ GK to ms P Long P2 Bluish- >1 minute in low ambient ilumination Zn2SiO4:Mn (Willemite circa 1948) General purpose oscilloscopes And General purpose oscilloscopes Display Tubes Relative luminance 45 Relative writing speed 35 (Tektronix)* Special oscilloscopes Radar indicators Relative luminance 60 Relative writing speed 70 (Tektronix)* P2 - Long ZnS:Cu(Ag)(B*) (c. 1948) Special oscilloscopes Radar indicators P ms Zn8BeSi5019 :Mn (c. 1948) Early radar (c. 1939) P3 P3 P3 ish- to - - P4 White White 565, P4 White 540, P4 White yellow 540, zinc beryllium silicate with a manganese activator, written as ZnBeSiO4:Mn Relative luminance 45 Early radar (c. 1939) Not over 7% of peak after 33 ms Not over 7% of peak after 33 ms Not over 7% of peak after 33 ms Silicate Silicate-sulphide P4 White White ZnS:Ag+ZnS:Cu+Y2O2S:Eu P4 WW White White short P4 White White P4 White White ZnS:Ag+(Zn,Cd)S:Cu a*-zns:ag+zn8besi5019:mn (Replaced circa 1948 with new ZnS:CdS:Ag) Black and white TV screens and display tubes Black and white TV screens and display tubes Black and white TV screens and display tubes Cd-free replacement P4, black and white CRT tubes, display tubes B&w television receivers, Display tubes Earliest Black and white TV screens and display tubes Relative luminance 70 Relative writing speed 25 (Tektronix)* Page 1
2 P4 White ZnS:Ag+(Zn,Cd)S:Ag P us P5 P5 Very short CaWO4:W (Scheelite) (c. 1948) P5 BJ Very short calcium tungstate with a tungstate activator, written as CaWO.sub.4 :W P5 short P6 White White 563, us P6 White White P6 White White P7 -White - P7 -White 558, P7 YX -White P7 -White Light P8 P9 P10 P10 Dark Magenta Trace Dark Magenta Trace Depends on absorption of outside illumination Depends on absorption of outside illumination N/A (peak absorption?) 800us > 1 minute in low ambient illumination BluWh- Yel-Long BluWh- Yel-Long BluWh- LtYel-Long > 1 minute in low ambient illumination Approx. 3s to 6,500,000s P ms ZnS:Ag+ZnS:CdS:Ag (Zn,Cd)S:Cu Very long KCl (c. 1948) B*-ZnS:Ag on ZnS(86): CdS:Cu Cascade (c. 1948) Black and white TV screens and display tubes Photographic recording of high speed traces in special oscilloscopes Relative luminance 3 Photographic recording of high speed traces in special oscilloscopes Photographic recording of high speed traces in special oscilloscopes Used in TV receivers for the Goldmark/CBS color system. P4 is seen as bluish compared to P6 Relative luminance 70 Relative writing speed 25 (Tektronix)* Used in TV receivers for the Goldmark/CBS color system. P4 is seen as bluish compared to P6 Relative luminance 45 Relative writing speed 95 (Tektronix)* Obsolete replaced by P7 Probably similar spectrum to P7 JEDEC registration of this type had been canceled/withdrawn as of (per A STUDY OF THE PERSISTENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS CATHODE RAY TUBE PHOSPHORS, W. T. DYALL, TECHNICAL REPORT NO. 56, JANUARY 16, 1948, RESEARCH LABORATORY OF ELECTRONICS, MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY) Outside light source is used for observation and erasing. Persistence from several seconds to several months. Outside light source is used for observation and erasing. Persistence from several seconds to several months. Oscilloscopes for visual and photographic observation Display Tubes, Vacuum Fluorescent Display Page 2
3 P11 BE 460 P11 Purplish- Purplish- Cathode Ray Tube Phosphors short ms Page 3 ZnS:Ag,Cl or ZnS:(Zn) P11 A*-ZnS:Ag (c. 1948) P12 Oscilloscopes for visual and photographic observation Display Tubes, Vacuum Fluorescent Display Relative luminance 25 Relative writing speed 100 (Tektronix)* Oscilloscopes for visual and P Long Radar indicators P12 Long Radar indicators P12 Zn(Mg)F2:Mn Radar indicators P13 Light Red Light Red MgO*SiO2:Mn (c. 1948) Storage phosphor P13 P13 Reddish- P14 Violet 601, P14 Purple-White Light P14 P14 P14 P14 P15 Purplish Purplish- - P15 Bluish- P15 GG - ish Red P15 P16 P16 P16 Violet Near- Bluish- Purple Violet Near- Violet Near- Violet Near- P16 P17 P17 ish- Vio- Or-MedLong PW- LO-Long Blu med short ORN med. BLU- RO-Long BLU-Med. YO- 504, us Very short Very short UV -Very short G -short us 450, magnesium silicate with a manganese activator B*-ZnS:Ag on ZnS(75):CdS:Cu ZnO:Zn Extremely short calcium magnesium silicate with an activator of cesium and lithium Very short GrYe-Extremely, Ye-Long photographic observation Relative luminance 18 Relative writing speed 3 (Tektronix)* Used for fabricating carbon triode nanotubes Relative luminance 4 Relative writing speed 1 (Tektronix)* Used where repetition rate is 2-4 seconds after excitation is removed Relative luminance 40 Relative writing speed 60 (Tektronix)* Television pickup of photographs by flying-spot scanning via photomultiplier tube Relative luminance 15 Relative writing speed 25 (Tektronix)* Television pickup of photographs by flying-spot scanning Flying Spot Scanner Television pickup of photographs by flying-spot scanning Relative luminance 0.1 Relative writing speed 25 (Tektronix)* Television pickup of photographs by flying-spot scanning Flying Spot Scanner Military displays Relative luminance 30
4 P17 ish- and long components Cascade phosphor combines P7 and P15 characteristics P17 -Long Oscillography, P18 White 540, ms Low frame rate television applications P18 White Relative luminance 18 Relative writing speed 35 (Tektronix)* P18 White Low frame rate television applications P18 White White Projection TV P19 Relative luminance 25 Relative writing speed 3 (Tektronix)* P19 Long P Very long Radar screen P19 LF 590 Long long (KF,MgF2):Mn Radar screen P ms High visibility displays P20 Relative luminance 85 Relative writing speed 70 (Tektronix)* P20 KA ms P P Very Long P21 - long P21 Red- Red- P22 P22 Red Red Red Red One short Two (Zn,Cd)S:Ag or (Zn,Cd)S:Cu See P22B, P22G, P22R. P22 is the degignation for the set of phosphors used for color TV CRTs. Display tubes Storage Tubes Three-color phosphor pixelated pattern used in color displays with shadow mask or aperture grille Three-color phosphor pixelated pattern used in color displays with shadow mask or aperture grille P22B ZnS:Ag+Co-on-Al2O3 or ZnS:Ag+Pigment Phosphor for color TV screens P22G 530 ZnS:Cu,Al or ZnS:Cu,Au,Al Phosphor for color TV screens P22R Red 611 Y2O2S:Eu+Fe2O3 or Y2O2S:Eu+Pigment Phosphor for color TV screens P23 White White 575, P23 White P23 White P23 White White Low temperature Sepia color similar to P4 used in television Persistence similar to P4 used in television Relative luminance 80 Relative writing speed 35 (Tektronix)* Direct-view Television P us P24 ish- Relative luminance 8 Relative writing speed 6 (Tektronix)* P24 GE 505 ZnO:Zn Flying spot scanner 1-10 µs Vacuum fluorescent display P24 White Color flying spot scanner Page 4
5 P26 LC P Very Long Military displays with 2-10 second refresh interval P25 Relative luminance 12 Relative writing speed 5 (Tektronix)* P25 LJ Long CaSiO3:Mn,Pb Storage phosphor P25 P26 Very Long P26 Relative luminance 17 Relative writing speed 3 (Tektronix)* Very long >1000ms (KF,MgF2):Mn Radar screen P27 -Red zinc phosphate with a manganese activator Storage phosphor, Color TV monitor service P27 Reddish- Relative luminance 20 Relative writing speed 7 (Tektronix)* P27 Reddish- Reddish- Color TV monitor P28 KE (Zn,Cd)S:Cu,Cl P28 - Long Display tubes P28 Relative luminance 50 Relative writing speed 50 (Tektronix)* P29 medium Two Color stripe pattern, aircraft instruments P29 P2 and P25 stripes P2 and P25 stripes medium P30?? Not Registered with JEDEC P31 GH short ms ZnS:Cu or ZnS:Cu,Ag Oscilloscopes Oscilloscopes for printing P31 Relative luminance 100 Relative writing speed 75 (Tektronix)* P32 - Relative luminance 25 P32 Purple- Long P33 LD 590 P33 P34 - Very long >1000ms P34 Bluish Very long P35 -White P35 P Very short P37 Very short MgF2:Mn Radar screen P38 LK 590 Very long (Zn,Mg)F2:Mn Radar screen P39 GR 525 Long Zn2SiO4:Mn,As Display tubes Relative luminance 20 Relative writing speed 7 (Tektronix)* Relative luminance 17 Oscilloscope,, visual information storage Relative luminance 55 Relative writing speed 45 (Tektronix)* Oscillography Flying spot scanner Flying spot scanner Page 5
6 P Long P40 GA White Long ZnS:Ag + (Zn,Cd)S:Cu Display tubes P40 - Med. Yel- Long Low repetition rate After J. Whitaler P41 UV very short long Radar with light trigger P43 GY Gd2O2S:Tb Display tubes P45 WB White Y2O2S: Viewfinders P45 RED- ENH Y2O2S:Tb,Eu P46 KG 530 Very short Y3Al5O12:Ce Beam index tubes P47 BH 400 Very short Y2SiO5:Ce Beam index tubes P48 KH Very short (P46+P47 BLEND) Combination phosphor P53 KJ Y3Al5O12:Tb Projection tubes P55 BM 450 short ZnS:Ag,Al Projection tubes P56 RF Red 610 Y2O3:Eu Projection tubes Page 6
7 Research references for this report are too numerous to list. "A STUDY OF THE PERSISTENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF VARIOUS CATHODE RAY TUBE PHOSPHORS" W. T. DYALL (M.I.T. 1948) Sylvania tube manual 1943, 1949, 1959 ARRL Handbook, various editions Tektronix, Inc. E.I.A. JEDEC RETMA Bill & Stan s Tektronix Resource Site (www) Clinton Displays CRT Division (www) Wikipedia (www) *Tektronix: Relative Luminance taken with Spectra Brightness Spot Meter which incorporates CIE standard eye filter. Representative of 10KV aluminized screens. Relative writing speed taken with 10,000 ASA Polaroid film for 10 KV aluminized screeens. **Phosphorescence: If not noted, is generally the same spectrum as the fluorescence. Author s Notes: Concerning certain phosphors used before 1948: 1. Exponential decay screens -- P1, P3, P12, and P Long persistence inverse power law decay screens -- P2, P7, and P persistence combination exponential and inverse power law decay screen -- P4. 4. persistence inverse power law decay screens -- P5, P6, and P11 5. Very long variable persistence dark trace screen -- P10. Concerning the composition of this document: 1. Noncommercial research document created according to fair use. Document may be distributed for educational purposes if kept intact. 2. Definitions of color such as yellow, green, orange, or blue differ widely not only among the human population but also among the most august of published sources since the first phosphor-based CRT was ever implemented. Color descriptions have evolved with colorimetry. 3. In some cases, a single phosphor designation (P4 for example) is listed several times. In an attempt to make this reference as complete as possible while preserving accuracy, documents differing in presentation of characteristics for a given phosphor type, having as their sources various industrial or scientific publications as well as amateur scientific publications meeting certain criteria, were treated equally. 4. Rather than merge slightly incongruent data that could be accounted for by interdocumentary differences such as chemical composition or the evolution of a perceived phosphor color over time, data for each phosphor designation that were not in agreement were included separately. 5. Despite a few incongruities (i.e. the P24) that the author has no means to resolve, the author believes this poor report will be useful to those having an interest in CRTs and the phosphors used therein, and convey a reasonable expectation of the colors to be produced by a particular CRT. 6. It is left as a pleasant exercise for the reader to weigh the data in the document when considering the use of a CRT or other phosphorescent electrical device. If you want a definitve document and have around $200 to spend, you can order the standard: TEP116-C Optical Characteristics of Cathode Ray Tube Screens from the EIA. Page 7
8 How the eye perceives colors: Top Right: Typical response of the three cone types in human vision showing overlap. From left to right: 1. The normalized peak wavelength response of the eye. 2. The combined response curve of the eye. 3. The general perception of color vs wavelength (No consumer printer or display can precisely reproduce the bandwidth detectable by the eye). Page 8
Overview. Raster Graphics and Color. Overview. Display Hardware. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Cathode Ray Tube (CRT)
Raster Graphics and Color Greg Humphreys CS445: Intro Graphics University of Virginia, Fall 2004 Color models Color models Display Hardware Video display devices Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Liquid Crystal Display
Outline. Quantizing Intensities. Achromatic Light. Optical Illusion. Quantizing Intensities. CS 430/585 Computer Graphics I
CS 430/585 Computer Graphics I Week 8, Lecture 15 Outline Light Physical Properties of Light and Color Eye Mechanism for Color Systems to Define Light and Color David Breen, William Regli and Maxim Peysakhov
Color Management Terms
Written by Jonathan Sachs Copyright 2001-2003 Digital Light & Color Achromatic Achromatic means having no color. Calibration Calibration is the process of making a particular device such as a monitor,
1. Three-Color Light. Introduction to Three-Color Light. Chapter 1. Adding Color Pigments. Difference Between Pigments and Light. Adding Color Light
1. Three-Color Light Chapter 1 Introduction to Three-Color Light Many of us were taught at a young age that the primary colors are red, yellow, and blue. Our early experiences with color mixing were blending
COMP175: Computer Graphics. Lecture 1 Introduction and Display Technologies
COMP175: Computer Graphics Lecture 1 Introduction and Display Technologies Course mechanics Number: COMP 175-01, Fall 2009 Meetings: TR 1:30-2:45pm Instructor: Sara Su (sarasu@cs.tufts.edu) TA: Matt Menke
Improved predictive modeling of white LEDs with accurate luminescence simulation and practical inputs
Improved predictive modeling of white LEDs with accurate luminescence simulation and practical inputs TracePro Opto-Mechanical Design Software s Fluorescence Property Utility TracePro s Fluorescence Property
Munsell Soil Color. Munsell Gradient No. Code
Munsell Gradient No. Munsell Soil Color Code Munsell Soil Color Description 10.0 10R 2.5/1 Reddish Black 10.0 10R 2.5/2 Very Dusky Red 10.0 10R 3/1 Dark Reddish 10.0 10R 3/2 Dusky Red 10.0 10R 3/3 Dusky
Graphical displays are generally of two types: vector displays and raster displays. Vector displays
Display technology Graphical displays are generally of two types: vector displays and raster displays. Vector displays Vector displays generally display lines, specified by their endpoints. Vector display
Displays. Cathode Ray Tube. Semiconductor Elements. Basic applications. Oscilloscope TV Old monitors. 2009, Associate Professor PhD. T.
Displays Semiconductor Elements 1 Cathode Ray Tube Basic applications Oscilloscope TV Old monitors 2 1 Idea of Electrostatic Deflection 3 Inside an Electrostatic Deflection Cathode Ray Tube Gun creates
A comparison between a CRT and a LCD monitors colors rendering
A comparison between a CRT and a LCD monitors colors rendering TOADERE FLORIN, NIKOS E. MASTORAKIS INCDTIM Cluj Napoca Str. Donath, nr. 65-103, Cluj Napoca, 400293, ROMANIA Florin.Toadere@bel.utcluj.ro
Comp 410/510. Computer Graphics Spring 2016. Introduction to Graphics Systems
Comp 410/510 Computer Graphics Spring 2016 Introduction to Graphics Systems Computer Graphics Computer graphics deals with all aspects of creating images with a computer Hardware (PC with graphics card)
Digital Image Basics. Introduction. Pixels and Bitmaps. Written by Jonathan Sachs Copyright 1996-1999 Digital Light & Color
Written by Jonathan Sachs Copyright 1996-1999 Digital Light & Color Introduction When using digital equipment to capture, store, modify and view photographic images, they must first be converted to a set
Color Accurate Digital Photography of Artworks
Color Accurate Digital Photography of Artworks Robin D. Myers Better Light, Inc. 30 October 2000 2000 Better Light, Inc., all rights reserved. Introduction In the world of photography, some colors are
Scanners and How to Use Them
Written by Jonathan Sachs Copyright 1996-1999 Digital Light & Color Introduction A scanner is a device that converts images to a digital file you can use with your computer. There are many different types
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE: Given: A = 3 and B = 4 if we now want the value of C=? C = 3 + 4 = 9 + 16 = 25 or 2
Forensic Spectral Anaylysis: Warm up! The study of triangles has been done since ancient times. Many of the early discoveries about triangles are still used today. We will only be concerned with the "right
Pantone Matching System Color Chart PMS Colors Used For Printing
Pantone Matching System Color Chart PMS Colors Used For Printing Use this guide to assist your color selection and specification process. This chart is a reference guide only. Pantone colors on computer
(Refer Slide Time: 00:01:43 min)
Illumination Engineering and Electric Utility Services Prof. N.K. Kishore Department of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur Lecture No. # 9 Discharge Lamps II Welcome to the
Color and Light. DELTA SCIENCE READER Overview... 125 Before Reading... 126 Guide the Reading... 127 After Reading... 133
Color and Light T ABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT DELTA SCIENCE MODULES Program Introduction................... iii Teacher s Guide..................... iv Delta Science Readers............... vi Equipment and
How To Color Print
Pantone Matching System Color Chart PMS Colors Used For Printing Use this guide to assist your color selection and specification process. This chart is a reference guide only. Pantone colors on computer
Experiment #5: Qualitative Absorption Spectroscopy
Experiment #5: Qualitative Absorption Spectroscopy One of the most important areas in the field of analytical chemistry is that of spectroscopy. In general terms, spectroscopy deals with the interactions
Name Class Date. spectrum. White is not a color, but is a combination of all colors. Black is not a color; it is the absence of all light.
Exercises 28.1 The Spectrum (pages 555 556) 1. Isaac Newton was the first person to do a systematic study of color. 2. Circle the letter of each statement that is true about Newton s study of color. a.
THE NATURE OF LIGHT AND COLOR
THE NATURE OF LIGHT AND COLOR THE PHYSICS OF LIGHT Electromagnetic radiation travels through space as electric energy and magnetic energy. At times the energy acts like a wave and at other times it acts
CONSERVATION AND LIGHTING
CONSERVATION AND LIGHTING Light is essential for the examination and enjoyment of collection items. But in a museum light also means damage: dyes and pigments fade or change appearance and the materials
Important Question with Answer
Important Question with Answer Q1. What do you mean by computer graphics? Ans. The branch of science and technology concerned with methods and techniques for converting data to or from visual presentation
Denis White Laboratory for Computer Graphics and Spatial Analysis Graduate School of Design Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
Introduction INTERACTIVE COLOR MAPPING Denis White Laboratory for Computer Graphics and Spatial Analysis Graduate School of Design Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 The information theory
CRT and LCD monitors properties and problems. Maarten Demeyer October 27 2010
CRT and LCD monitors properties and problems Maarten Demeyer October 27 2010 Overview Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Comparing CRT and LCD The future of computer displays Overview
Crime-lite 82 NEW. Infrared model UV-Vis-IR camera Wheeled laboratory cart. foster + freeman
NEW Infrared model UV-Vis-IR camera Wheeled laboratory cart 82 A complete range of high intensity LED light sources for crime scene investigation and forensic laboratory examination The highest output
Composite Video Separation Techniques
TM Composite Video Separation Techniques Application Note October 1996 AN9644 Author: Stephen G. LaJeunesse Introduction The most fundamental job of a video decoder is to separate the color from the black
ADVANCED THEORIES FOR CG LIGHTING
ADVANCED THEORIES FOR CG LIGHTING 0.1 INTRODUCTION To become skilled at 3D lighting, one must have an understanding of how light works. CG lighting has been established based on rules from cinematography,
Measuring of optical output and attenuation
Measuring of optical output and attenuation THEORY Measuring of optical output is the fundamental part of measuring in optoelectronics. The importance of an optical power meter can be compared to an ammeter
CS 325 Computer Graphics
CS 325 Computer Graphics 01 / 25 / 2016 Instructor: Michael Eckmann Today s Topics Review the syllabus Review course policies Color CIE system chromaticity diagram color gamut, complementary colors, dominant
Radiographic Image Production. Radiographic Image Production. Principles of Imaging Science I (RAD 119) Film, Screens, and Cassettes
Principles of Imaging Science I (RAD 119) Film, Screens, and Cassettes Radiographic Image Production X-ray photons emitted from the x-ray tube interact with the body, exit the patient (exit beam) and interact
Chemistry 111 Lab: Intro to Spectrophotometry Page E-1
Chemistry 111 Lab: Intro to Spectrophotometry Page E-1 SPECTROPHOTOMETRY Absorption Measurements & their Application to Quantitative Analysis study of the interaction of light (or other electromagnetic
2 Spectrophotometry and the Analysis of Riboflavin
2 Spectrophotometry and the Analysis of Riboflavin Objectives: A) To become familiar with operating the Platereader; B) to learn how to use the Platereader in determining the absorption spectrum of a compound
Tabla de conversión Pantone a NCS (Natural Color System)
Tabla de conversión Pantone a NCS (Natural Color System) PANTONE NCS (más parecido) PANTONE NCS (más parecido) Pantone Yellow C NCS 0580-Y Pantone 3985C NCS 3060-G80Y Pantone Yellow U NCS 0580-Y Pantone
PANTONE ColorVANTAGE Process Simulations of PANTONE solid colors Page: 1 of 14
PANTONE ColorVANTAGE Process Simulations of PANTONE solid colors Page: 1 of 14 PANTONE Yellow CS R:245 G:222 B:0 PANTONE Purple CS R:158 G:56 B:181 PANTONE Pro. Yel. CS R:242 G:227 B:0 PANTONE Hex. Yel.
Fundamentals of modern UV-visible spectroscopy. Presentation Materials
Fundamentals of modern UV-visible spectroscopy Presentation Materials The Electromagnetic Spectrum E = hν ν = c / λ 1 Electronic Transitions in Formaldehyde 2 Electronic Transitions and Spectra of Atoms
Introduction to Light, Color, and Shadows
Introduction to Light, Color, and Shadows What is light made out of? -waves, photons, Electromagnetic waves (don t know this one) How do you get color? - different wavelengths of light. What does it mean
Green = 0,255,0 (Target Color for E.L. Gray Construction) CIELAB RGB Simulation Result for E.L. Gray Match (43,215,35) Equal Luminance Gray for Green
Red = 255,0,0 (Target Color for E.L. Gray Construction) CIELAB RGB Simulation Result for E.L. Gray Match (184,27,26) Equal Luminance Gray for Red = 255,0,0 (147,147,147) Mean of Observer Matches to Red=255
DNA Detection. Chapter 13
DNA Detection Chapter 13 Detecting DNA molecules Once you have your DNA separated by size Now you need to be able to visualize the DNA on the gel somehow Original techniques: Radioactive label, silver
Science In Action 8 Unit C - Light and Optical Systems. 1.1 The Challenge of light
1.1 The Challenge of light 1. Pythagoras' thoughts about light were proven wrong because it was impossible to see A. the light beams B. dark objects C. in the dark D. shiny objects 2. Sir Isaac Newton
Filters for Black & White Photography
Filters for Black & White Photography Panchromatic Film How it works. Panchromatic film records all colors of light in the same tones of grey. Light Intensity (the number of photons per square inch) is
How Landsat Images are Made
How Landsat Images are Made Presentation by: NASA s Landsat Education and Public Outreach team June 2006 1 More than just a pretty picture Landsat makes pretty weird looking maps, and it isn t always easy
PHYS 222 Spring 2012 Final Exam. Closed books, notes, etc. No electronic device except a calculator.
PHYS 222 Spring 2012 Final Exam Closed books, notes, etc. No electronic device except a calculator. NAME: (all questions with equal weight) 1. If the distance between two point charges is tripled, the
Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) and Remote Sensing
Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) and Remote Sensing 1 Atmosphere Anything missing in between? Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) is radiated by atomic particles at the source (the Sun), propagates through
Computer Vision. Color image processing. 25 August 2014
Computer Vision Color image processing 25 August 2014 Copyright 2001 2014 by NHL Hogeschool and Van de Loosdrecht Machine Vision BV All rights reserved j.van.de.loosdrecht@nhl.nl, jaap@vdlmv.nl Color image
1W High Power Purple LED Technical Data Sheet. Part No.: LL-HP60MUVA
1W High Power Purple LED Technical Data Sheet Part No.: LL-HP60MUVA Spec No.: HP60M Rev No.: V.2 Date: Aug./18/2009 Page: 1 OF 8 Features: Luckylight High power LED type. Lead frame type package (Heat
P R E A M B L E. Facilitated workshop problems for class discussion (1.5 hours)
INSURANCE SCAM OPTICS - LABORATORY INVESTIGATION P R E A M B L E The original form of the problem is an Experimental Group Research Project, undertaken by students organised into small groups working as
Perception of Light and Color
Perception of Light and Color Theory and Practice Trichromacy Three cones types in retina a b G+B +R Cone sensitivity functions 100 80 60 40 20 400 500 600 700 Wavelength (nm) Short wavelength sensitive
Hello and Welcome to this presentation on LED Basics. In this presentation we will look at a few topics in semiconductor lighting such as light
Hello and Welcome to this presentation on LED Basics. In this presentation we will look at a few topics in semiconductor lighting such as light generation from a semiconductor material, LED chip technology,
PANTONE Chart Builder 2.5.2 File: MPC2000_2500_3000 Page: 1 of 14
PANTONE Chart Builder 2.5.2 File: MPC2000_2500_3000 Page: 1 of 14 PANTONE Yellow CS C:2 M:9 Y:98 K:0 PANTONE Purple CS C:32 M:74 Y:0 K:0 PANTONE Pro. Yel. CS C:3 M:4 Y:100 K:0 PANTONE Hex. Yel. CS C:0
PDF Created with deskpdf PDF Writer - Trial :: http://www.docudesk.com
CCTV Lens Calculator For a quick 1/3" CCD Camera you can work out the lens required using this simple method: Distance from object multiplied by 4.8, divided by horizontal or vertical area equals the lens
Blackbody Radiation References INTRODUCTION
Blackbody Radiation References 1) R.A. Serway, R.J. Beichner: Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics, 5 th Edition, Vol. 2, Ch.40, Saunders College Publishing (A Division of Harcourt
Spectroscopy. Biogeochemical Methods OCN 633. Rebecca Briggs
Spectroscopy Biogeochemical Methods OCN 633 Rebecca Briggs Definitions of Spectrometry Defined by the method used to prepare the sample 1. Optical spectrometry Elements are converted to gaseous atoms or
Rodenstock Photo Optics
Rogonar Rogonar-S Rodagon Apo-Rodagon N Rodagon-WA Apo-Rodagon-D Accessories: Modular-Focus Lenses for Enlarging, CCD Photos and Video To reproduce analog photographs as pictures on paper requires two
THE EFFECT OF COLOUR FILTERS ON SOLAR PANELS. Katie Fitzgerald Expo Project Grade 7
THE EFFECT OF COLOUR FILTERS ON SOLAR PANELS Katie Fitzgerald Expo Project Grade 7 OBSERVATION By using a solar light instead of electricity, one can assist in lightening the load on our environment. By
Lecture Notes, CEng 477
Computer Graphics Hardware and Software Lecture Notes, CEng 477 What is Computer Graphics? Different things in different contexts: pictures, scenes that are generated by a computer. tools used to make
P2N LED. High Power LED PRODUCT DATASHEET. Introduction. RoHS Compliant
PRODUCT DATASHEET P2N LED High Power LED Introduction The P2N LED brings industry leading technology to the solid state lighting market with its high quality and performance. With a silicone lens, P2N
EVIDENCE PHOTOGRAPHY TEST SPECIFICATIONS MODULE 1: CAMERA SYSTEMS & LIGHT THEORY (37)
EVIDENCE PHOTOGRAPHY TEST SPECIFICATIONS The exam will cover evidence photography involving crime scenes, fire scenes, accident scenes, aircraft incident scenes, surveillances and hazardous materials scenes.
Agilent Television Power Consumption Testing. Application Note
Agilent Television Power Consumption Testing Application Note Introduction Today, there are many types of televisions (TVs) on the market: the cathode ray tube (CRT) TV, liquid crystal display (LCD) TV,
Digital Color Workflows and the HP DreamColor LP2480zx Professional LCD Display
Digital Color Workflows and the HP DreamColor LP2480zx Professional LCD Display Improving accuracy and predictability in color processing at the designer s desk can increase productivity and improve quality
USING PROFESSIONAL PLASMA DISPLAYS AS EVALUATION GRADE VIDEO MONITORS. Peter H. Putman, CTS ROAM Consulting L.L.C. Doylestown, PA
USING PROFESSIONAL PLASMA DISPLAYS AS EVALUATION GRADE VIDEO MONITORS Peter H. Putman, CTS ROAM Consulting L.L.C. Doylestown, PA Nearly a decade into the 21 st century, we re seeing a paradigm shift in
GAFCHROMIC DOSIMETRY MEDIA TYPE MD-V3
GAFCHROMIC DOSIMETRY MEDIA TYPE MD-V3 WARNING: Store below 25ºC Store away from radiation sources Do not expose film to sunlight Handle film carefully, creasing may cause damage Do not expose to temperatures
1 Laboratory #5: Grating Spectrometer
SIMG-215-20061: LABORATORY #5 1 Laboratory #5: Grating Spectrometer 1.1 Objective: To observe and measure the spectra of different light sources. 1.2 Materials: 1. OSA optics kit. 2. Nikon digital camera
From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?
From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation? From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly
Cathode Ray Tube. Introduction. Functional principle
Introduction The Cathode Ray Tube or Braun s Tube was invented by the German physicist Karl Ferdinand Braun in 897 and is today used in computer monitors, TV sets and oscilloscope tubes. The path of the
Realization of a UV fisheye hyperspectral camera
Realization of a UV fisheye hyperspectral camera Valentina Caricato, Andrea Egidi, Marco Pisani and Massimo Zucco, INRIM Outline Purpose of the instrument Required specs Hyperspectral technique Optical
Photons. ConcepTest 27.1. 1) red light 2) yellow light 3) green light 4) blue light 5) all have the same energy. Which has more energy, a photon of:
ConcepTest 27.1 Photons Which has more energy, a photon of: 1) red light 2) yellow light 3) green light 4) blue light 5) all have the same energy 400 nm 500 nm 600 nm 700 nm ConcepTest 27.1 Photons Which
LED Lighting - Error Consideration for Illuminance Measurement
LED Lighting - Error Consideration for Illuminance Measurement One of the most important characteristics of a luxmeter is matching to the sensitivity of the human eye V(λ). V(λ) is the spectral luminous
Three Key Paper Properties
Three Key Paper Properties Whiteness, Brightness and Shade Demystifying Three Key Paper Properties Whiteness, Brightness and Shade Xerox Supplies, See the Difference Quality Makes Prepared by: Xerox Corporation
1. Introduction to image processing
1 1. Introduction to image processing 1.1 What is an image? An image is an array, or a matrix, of square pixels (picture elements) arranged in columns and rows. Figure 1: An image an array or a matrix
An Introduction to High Dynamic Range (HDR) and Its Support within the H.265/HEVC Standard Extensions
White Paper An Introduction to High Dynamic Range (HDR) and Its Support within the H.265/HEVC Standard Extensions By Raul Diaz, Vanguard Video CEO December 17, 2014 Vanguard Video, LLC. 974 Commercial
Storage and treatment of cathode ray tubes (CRTs) and display equipment containing CRTs
Storage and treatment of cathode ray tubes (CRTs) and display equipment containing CRTs Quick guide 874_11 Issued 27/10/2011 What s this document about? Who does this apply to? This document covers the
Spectroscopy Using the Tracker Video Analysis Program
Spectroscopy Using the Tracker Video Analysis Program Douglas Brown Cabrillo College Aptos CA 95003 dobrown@cabrillo.edu Spectroscopy has important applications in many fields and deserves more attention
TV Display Innovation History from CRT to OLED Technology
TV Display Innovation History from CRT to OLED Technology TV has become an important part of our everyday life. How was early TV display technology different from current technologies? How will our TV
Technical Paper DENTAL MONITOR CALIBRATION
Technical Paper DENTAL MONITOR CALIBRATION A REPORT ON DENTAL IMAGE PRESENTATION By Tom Schulte Dental radiographs and oral photographs are often both viewed on the same dental workstation monitor. The
GAFCHROMIC DOSIMETRY MEDIA, TYPE HD-V2
GAFCHROMIC DOSIMETRY MEDIA, TYPE HD-V2 WARNING: Store below 25ºC Store away from radiation sources Do not expose film to sunlight Handle film carefully, creasing may cause damage Do not expose to temperatures
Color Balancing Techniques
Written by Jonathan Sachs Copyright 1996-1999 Digital Light & Color Introduction Color balancing refers to the process of removing an overall color bias from an image. For example, if an image appears
Reactive Fusion Cutting When gas used reacts with gas (usually oxygen) burn reaction adds energy to effect Steel typically 60% added energy Titanium
Reactive Fusion Cutting When gas used reacts with gas (usually oxygen) burn reaction adds energy to effect Steel typically 60% added energy Titanium 90% added energy However can reaction can chemically
Colour Assessment and Diagnosis (CAD) Test. Sally Evans Chief Medical Officer UK CAA
Colour Assessment and Diagnosis (CAD) Test Sally Evans Chief Medical Officer UK CAA Joint Project UK CAA City University FAA (Part 3) Colour Assessment and Diagnosis (CAD) Test Safety Human rights Applications
ON THE INVESTIGATION OF THE CIE 1931 COLORIMETRIC OBSERVER
Ákos Borbély ON THE INVESTIGATION OF THE CIE 1931 COLORIMETRIC OBSERVER PhD THESIS Supervisor: Dr. János Schanda University of Veszprém Doctoral School of Information Sciences Veszprém 2004 I. Introduction,
FILM TYPES AND FORMATS
FILM TYPES AND FORMATS A wide variety of camera films are available today, allowing filmmakers to convey exactly the look they envision. Image capture challenges, from routine through extreme, special
Better Vision with LED lights
White Paper Better Vision with LED lights Scotopic and Photopic Lumens Executive Summary... 2 The Evidence... 2 The Science behind Scotopic Lumens... 3 Control of Pupil size by Rod stimulation... 7 Conclusion...
Applications. Blue IF 039, Green IF 062, Yellow IF 022, Orange IF 041, Red IF 090,Dark Red IF 091 IR pass IF 092, IF098, IF 093 Surface 1 5/2 0.
Color Filters Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red & NIR Color Filters Blue and Green filters, transmitts wavelength in a corresponding color as seen by the human eye, while yellow, orange and red are long
0.28" Quadruple Digit Numeric Displays. Technical Data Sheet. Model No.: KW4-281XSB
.28" Quadruple Digit Numeric Displays Technical Data Sheet Model No.: KW4-281XSB Spec No.:W2841C/D Rev No.: V.2 Date:Sep/3/29 Page: 1 OF 6 Features:.28 (inch) digit height. Excellent segment uniformity.
Experiment 5. Lasers and laser mode structure
Northeastern University, PHYS5318 Spring 2014, 1 1. Introduction Experiment 5. Lasers and laser mode structure The laser is a very important optical tool that has found widespread use in science and industry,
International Year of Light 2015 Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Mehmet Arik Well-Being in Office Applications Light Measurement & Quality Parameters
www.led-professional.com ISSN 1993-890X Trends & Technologies for Future Lighting Solutions ReviewJan/Feb 2015 Issue LpR 47 International Year of Light 2015 Tech-Talks BREGENZ: Mehmet Arik Well-Being in
Pre Evaluation Digital Photography 2005
P03 Pre Evaluation igital Photography 2005 Page 1 of 4 irections For Numbers 1-25 : Read each of the following multiple-choice items and the possible answers carefully. Mark the letter of the correct answer
Luckylight. 1.9mm (0.8") 8 8 White Dot Matrix LED Displays Technical Data Sheet. Model No.: KWM-20882XWB-Y
.9mm (.8") 8 8 White Dot Matrix LED Displays Technical Data Sheet Model No.: KWM-88XWB-Y Spec No: W88C/D Rev No: V. Date: Sep// Page: OF Features:.8inch (.mm) Matrix height. Colors: White. Flat package
Spectra of Lights: An Interactive Demonstration with Diffraction Gratings
Grades: 4 th 12 th grade Purpose: Students will explore the properties of different types of light bulbs using diffraction grating glasses to reveal the light s unique spectra or fingerprint. The goal
Crime-lite A range of LED forensic light sources for crime scene and laboratory applications. Forensic Science Equipment
Crime-lite A range of LED forensic light sources for crime scene and laboratory applications Forensic Science Equipment Improving the Quality of Forensic Evidence Foster + Freeman are innovators in the
Module 13 : Measurements on Fiber Optic Systems
Module 13 : Measurements on Fiber Optic Systems Lecture : Measurements on Fiber Optic Systems Objectives In this lecture you will learn the following Measurements on Fiber Optic Systems Attenuation (Loss)
Laser diffuse reflection light scanner with background suppression. Dimensioned drawing
Specifications and description HRTL 3B Laser diffuse reflection light scanner with background suppression Dimensioned drawing We reserve the right to make changes DS_HRTL3B_en.fm en 01-2010/12 50114049
How To Understand Light And Color
PRACTICE EXAM IV P202 SPRING 2004 1. In two separate double slit experiments, an interference pattern is observed on a screen. In the first experiment, violet light (λ = 754 nm) is used and a second-order
ICC Recommendations for Color Measurement
White Paper #3 Level: Introductory Date: Dec 2004 ICC Recommendations for Color Measurement Introduction In order to prepare a useful device profile based on the International Color Consortium s Specification,
The Little black book of lighting For Film and Video
nd cover The Little black book of lighting For Film and Video Index to Kino Flo Lighting Handbook Introduction to Lighting with Kino Flos..... 2 KinoFloProducts... 4 Lighting Interviews....................
Using the Spectrophotometer
Using the Spectrophotometer Introduction In this exercise, you will learn the basic principals of spectrophotometry and and serial dilution and their practical application. You will need these skills to
Planetary Filters for Small Telescopes
Planetary Filters for Small Telescopes Erwin Matys, Karoline Mrazek During our observing career of several decades the universe was very generous to us: We witnessed a comet impact on Jupiter, we saw frosty
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
INTRODUCTION The Electromagnetic Spectrum I. What is electromagnetic radiation and the electromagnetic spectrum? What do light, X-rays, heat radiation, microwaves, radio waves, and gamma radiation have
INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY
INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL PHOTOGRAPHY Description Digital Photography will explore electronic imaging through the use of digital cameras, scanners and printers. This course will cover basic technical information