Richard Schomberg IEC Smart Grid chair EDF VP Smart Energy Standards

Transcription

1 Richard Schomberg IEC Smart Grid chair EDF VP Smart Energy Standards GEP-AFTP 17 June, 2014 Courbevoie INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION *

2 Outline Smart grids: what are we talking about? Smart Grid for peak shaving Smart Grids for Renewables integration Smart Grid for resiliency Smart Grids for energy Efficiency 2

3 Smart Grids: what are we talking about? 3

4 Smart Energy: «Connecting» many points of generation with many points of consumption end to end

5 Usual promise of Smart Grids Transmission and substation design: reduce losses improved power lines and transformers, implementing maintenance schemes Distribution system design: minimise the impact of outages. increase levels of distributed generation for rural electrification minimise connection costs. Smart data management tools: help monitor the health of grid assets, predict problems in power distribution, and initiate corrective action. Architectures : must ensure interoperability and enable a smooth transition from existing to future power systems. 5

6 Make consumers part of the system Smart Grid brings Information and Communication Technologies capabilities that can be leveraged for: the provision of electricity consumption information charging prepaid consumption credits using prepaid cards reduce administrative costs related to meter readings and billing. A basic time-of-use pricing scheme at household level may easily be introduced to help balancing demand. 6

7 Demand side management A socially just Grid should ensure reliable and lowcost access for the poor during off-peak hours, (i.e.: for cooking), while curtailed access would be provided during times of higher demand. Demand side management for large consumer loads, can contribute to optimising the quality and reducing load-shedding which usually affects the poorest. Remote-controlled interruptible institutional water heaters or water pumping systems are two examples for such load control. 7

8 Smart Grid: significant CO2 emissions reductions 8

9 Smart Grids for peak shaving and investment differal 9

10 Stockage électrique (NaS 1MW / 7MWh) pour effacer une pointe quotidienne de consommation (34$/kWh) Flotte de 220 bus gaz naturel comprimé 1.35MW Compresseurs (3X600HP) 480 V tri Stockage NaS 1MW / 7MWh permettant d effacer la pointe de 34$ / kwh, et gain de la rotation d équipe de nuit GEP AFTP - Schomber 10 g - Paris - Juin 2014 Stockage NaS 1MW / 7MWh Coût : 4,5 M$

11 11 GEP AFTP - Schomberg - Paris - Juin 2014

12 Pilotage direct de charge rentable avec le tertiaire (grands magasins) trés gros consommateurs de climatisation Bilan 2005 : 4000 clients 6 à 7 MWh effacés la 1ère heure temps de réponse < 10 minutes 12

13 Le stockage électrique ouvre de nombreuses possibilités de modèles d affaire à «ciseler» au cas par cas Des modèles analytiques permettent d évaluer tous les coûts/bénéfices des options de placement de la capacité de stockage La méthode «Real Options» permet d évaluer la Valeur Stratégique d une décision d investissement à prendre en compte au delà de la Valeur Actuelle Nette (Real Options and Monte Carlo Modeling For New Product Development) Maximum lifecycle cost of the energy storage system that allows the utility to break even Timothy Leuhrman, Strategy as a Portfolio of Real Options, Harvard Business Review 13

14 Exploiter au maximum un système électrique Source: Audrey Zibelmann (former PJM CEO) 14

15 Smart Grid for Integration of intermittent generation 15

16 Portion of variable generation of electricity by region 16

17 Deployment of electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles 17

18 70% variability of Renewables can be balanced by 15% Demand Side Management (MW) [EU FP7 Mirabel] 18

19 可 再 生 能 源 并 网 Renewable Energy Integration The Wind-PV-Storage-Transmission Pilot project located at the Zhangbei county, 200km northwest of Beijing. Phase I:100MW Wind Power, 40MW PV power, 20MW energy storage and a 220KV smart transformer substation. Phase II:400MW Wind Power, 60MW PV power, 50MW energy storage. Fully demonstrate the effect of the wind/pv/storage/transmission coordinated operation, Wind/PV/storage conventional power sources. 19

20 89% of wind power curtailment avoided fluctuation smoothing Daily chargedischarge cycles State of Charge %~56% depth of discharge (DOD) exceeding 10% current rate scheduled tracking peak-valley balance times low 1 20%~80%. low 20

21 Grid Friendly Appliances (GFAs) Auto delestage intelligent. Loads and Reserves on a Typical U.S. Peak Day Industrial 28% Commercial 29% Resident. (non- GFA) 12% Residential (GFA*) 18% Operating reserves 13% GFA* potential exceeds US operating reserve requirements! *GFA for: heat, AC, HW, refrig. Grid Friendly Appliances sense grid frequency excursions & control region s appliances to act as spinning reserve No communications required! 21

22 Smart Grids -Microgrids for Resiliency and Rural Electrification 22

23 Encourage use of distributed resources to provide power during peak load periods and for other fonctions and services. 15% reduction in peak load on distribution $55 M DOE funds over five years (total value $100 million) 23

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25 HONDA: micro reseau residentiel

26 HONDA : VE pour alimenter le residentiel

27 Electricity consumption growth

28 Smart Grids for Energy Efficiency 28

29 Energy Efficiency: «5th fuel» As Ben Franklin said: a penny saved is a penny earned. In the electrical energy context: One unit of consumption (i.e. KWh) saved is equivalent to saving 2.5 to 3 units of generation. Energy Efficiency has today become the largest energy source. It is bigger than wind, solar, hydroelectric power and bio-fuels combined. The utilization of this 5th Fuel is clean, possible and profitable. 29

30 Korea - Micro Energy Grid (K-MEG) = Microgrid + Energy Management System 30

31 Conclusion 31

32 Smart Grid Gartner Hype Cycle (2011) 32

33 Takeaway Smart Grid is a concept Smart Grid is not an end but a JOURNEY! There are many possible course of action from a given situation, towards specific goals with possible resources For a continent, region or country, the key to (long term) success is to lead its journey by developing its own transition scenarios and roadmap, and to look for synergies with direct neighbors 33