Fiber Backhaul for WiFi and Small Cell Networks. Sankar Ramachandran Director of Product Management

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1 Fiber Backhaul for WiFi and Small Cell Networks Sankar Ramachandran Director of Product Management Omnitron Systems

2 Introduction Agenda Fiber Backhaul for WiFi Hotspots Unmanaged Ethernet Fiber Configuration Options Fiber Backhaul for the Smart Grid Managed Ethernet AMI Backhaul of Smart Meter data with Spanning Tree Backhaul for Cellular Macro and Small Cell Evolution from 2G > 3G > 4G/LTE Carrier Ethernet Cell Towers and Small Cells CWDM for Wireless Backhaul

3 About Omnitron Systems Omnitron Provides Fiber Connectivity Solutions for Enterprise, Government and Telecom networks Managed and Unmanaged Media Converters Carrier Ethernet t Network kinterface Devices T1/Ethernet and CWDM Multiplexers Headquarters in Irvine, California In business since 1992 All Products Made in the USA Most Omnitron Products are backed by a Lifetime Warranty and FREE 24/7 Technical Support

4 Omnitron and BICSI Omnitron is an official BICSI CEC Provider First company offering BICSI CECs with free online videos Providing White Papers on BICSI.org Contributing Articles to BICSI News Delivering i BICSI Conference Presentations ti Exhibiting at BICSI Events for 10+ Years

5 Introduction Different Wireless Technologies n and ac WiFi DAS LTE/4G Different Wireless Hardware Wireless Routers Wireless Access Points Cell Towers (macro) and Small Cells (metro) What do they have in common? Ethernet PoE Fiber Backhaul

6 Wireless Common Denominators Ethernet Unmanaged Ethernet Managed Ethernet Carrier Ethernet Power over Ethernet PoE, PoE+, Non-Standard High-Power PoE PoE and Fiber Fiber Backhaul Not the only option Highest capacity and farthest distance

7 PoE Terminology Power Sourcing Equipment - PSE Powered Device - PD

8 IEEE 802.3af PoE Ratified in 2003 PoE Standards Allows up to 15.4W per connection W assured to be available at the PD IEEE 802.3at PoE+ Ratified in September 2009 Allows up to 30.0W per connection W assured to be available at the PD

9 Non-Standard PoE Power Levels 60W PoE PSE Typically done by utilizing i Alternative ti A and Alternative ti B at the same time Power on all 8 conductors Non-standards approach Typically Proprietary i.e. to power a IP camera with PTZ, heater/blower, etc. 70, 80, 90W and beyond (HD PoE) Accomplished by increasing current level beyond 600mA allowed in IEEE standard Heat and Safety become issues at higher power levels

10 Challenges In Deploying PoE Limited to the distances and bandwidth of UTP Cable Power Injectors do not increase distance 100m 100m

11 Introduction Agenda Fiber Backhaul for WiFi Hotspots Unmanaged Ethernet Fiber Configuration Options Fiber Backhaul for the Smart Grid Managed Ethernet AMI Backhaul of Smart Meter data with Spanning Tree Backhaul for Cellular Macro and Small Cell Evolution from 2G > 3G > 4G/LTE Carrier Ethernet Cell Towers and Small Cells CWDM for Wireless Backhaul

12 PoE Media Converters Unmanaged Gigabit and Fast Ethernet No Fault Detection, Monitoring or Remote Configuration Supports PoE or PoE+ Multiport Configurations i Dual or Single RJ-45 Ports or SFP Fiber Ports Daisy Chain Fiber or Redundant Fiber Links Powers One or Two PDs

13 How PoE Media Converters Work Use fiber switch in data center, data closet, etc. Or, use UTP switch with media converters Install PoE media converter in a convenient location near AC or DC power Install PDs in ceilings or on roofs Each PD can be up to 100m from the media converter

14 WiFi Network Architecture Options Point-to-Point Fiber Dedicated fiber run for each media converter and PD One or two PDs per converter

15 WiFi Network Architecture Options Daisy Chain Fiber Links Redundant d tfiber Links

16 Introduction Agenda Fiber Backhaul for WiFi Hotspots Unmanaged Ethernet Fiber Configuration Options Fiber Backhaul for the Smart Grid Managed Ethernet Backhaul of Smart Meter and SCADA data Backhaul for Cellular Macro and Small Cell Evolution from 2G > 3G > 4G/LTE Carrier Ethernet Cell Towers and Small Cells CWDM for Wireless Backhaul

17 Smart Grid Wireless Backhaul Managed Ethernet SNMP Management Performance Monitoring Software 802.3ah EFM (Ethernet in the First Mile) Fault Management and Performance Monitoring of the Network LINK Discovery Link Performance Monitoring Remote Loopback Fault Detection Collecting Performance Statistics

18 Managed Demarcation Media converters with integrated management Supports VLAN Segregate data traffic and management traffic Supports 802.3ah Link OAM

19 Managed Demarcation Demarcation NID with PoE injector Outdoor NEMA enclosure

20 Smart Grid Wireless Backhaul

21 Introduction Agenda Fiber Backhaul for WiFi Hotspots Unmanaged Ethernet Fiber Configuration Options Fiber Backhaul for the Smart Grid Managed Ethernet Backhaul of Smart Meter and SCADA data Backhaul for Cellular Macro and Small Cell Evolution from 2G > 3G > 4G/LTE Carrier Ethernet Cell Towers and Small Cells CWDM for Wireless Backhaul

22 2G Mobile Backhaul Migration TDM (T1s) Voice and text 3G T1s and Ethernet Voice and data 4G/LTE Carrier Ethernet Voice, Internet, Video

23 Mobile Backhaul Migration 2G Legacy Mobile Backhaul networks are based on TDM 3G Adds Ethernet to TDM network 4G/LTE Requires Carrier Ethernet

24 2G Legacy Mobile Backhaul 2G Legacy Mobile Backhaul networks are based on TDM T1/E1 Mux transports up to sixteen T1 circuits over fiber

25 3G Multi-Service Mobile Backhaul 3G Adds Carrier Ethernet to TDM network 10/100/1000 Ethernet multiplexed with the T1s Enables multi-service Ethernet and TDM mobile backhaul Best Effort Ethernet for 3G data

26 Carrier Ethernet Mobile Backhaul 4G/LTE Requires Carrier Ethernet Remove T1 Muxes and use NID for Carrier Ethernet LTE NIDs enable LTE services

27 What is Carrier Ethernet? Standard LAN Ethernet is Best Effort Problems typically solved after network goes down Bursty traffic that is inconsistent Carrier Ethernet is like TDM and SONET IEEE 802.1ag Connectivity Fault Management Proactive monitoring and notification Rapid fault validation and isolation ITU-T Y.1731 Performance Monitoring Continually measures Delay, Delay Variation and Frame Loss Enable Service Level Agreements (SLAs) 1588 and Sync-E Enables timing synchronization like T1s

28 What is Carrier Ethernet? Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs) Service Provider VLAN stacked tagging (Q-in-Q) Enables transporting EVCs across packet switched networks EVCs can traverse multiple Service Provider networks Supports Bandwidth Profiles and Performance Metrics Point-to-Point: E-Line Multipoint-to-Multipoint: E-LAN

29 Carrier Ethernet NIDs Demarcation point between Enterprise and Service Provider networks Supports 802.1ag Fault Management Supports ITU Y.1731 Performance Monitoring Monitors the end-to-end SERVICE over multiple network links MEF Certified Supports PoE

30 Mobile Backhaul EVCs

31 Macro and Metro Cells Hot Spot Not Spot Macro Cell Coverage Area Not Spot

32 Protection Switching ITU-T G.8031 Linear Protection ITU-T G.8032 Ring Protection Synthetic traffic monitors links for sub-50ms failover

33 Ethernet Ring Protection Switching 8032 Ethernet Ring Protection Switching (ERPS) Protection Port RPL Owner APS Alarm APS Alarm Fast CCMs Active Link Protection Link Active Link X Network Fault

34 Introduction Agenda Fiber Backhaul for WiFi Hotspots Unmanaged Ethernet Fiber Configuration Options Fiber Backhaul for the Smart Grid Managed Ethernet Backhaul of Smart Meter and SCADA data Backhaul for Cellular Macro and Small Cell Evolution from 2G > 3G > 4G/LTE Carrier Ethernet Cell Towers and Small Cells CWDM for Wireless Backhaul

35 CWDM Overview CWDM ITU-T G694.2 specifies 18 wavelengths in 20nm increments Cost effective solution for increasing capacity of Enterprise, Municipal and Service Provider Metro/Access networks

36 CWDM Overview Dual Fiber Links CWDM technology enables a fiber optic cable to carry multiple l Wavelengths (Lambdas) Each Wavelength is an independent data Channel that can transport t any network protocol or data rate Additional Channels can be added if the Wavelengths are unique

37 Types of CWDM Multiplexers Multiplexers are used at each end of a CWDM Common Line to MUX and DMUX wavelengths Optical Add+Drop Multiplexers (OADM) are used to Optical Add+Drop Multiplexers (OADM) are used to insert (add) and remove (drop) wavelengths at any point along a CWDM Common Line

38 CWDM Wavelength Conversion How to Connect Legacy Equipment to CWDM Networks Small Form Pluggable (SFP) transceivers are compact interchangeable connectors CWDM SFPs support 18 ITU-T G694.2 wavelengths between 1270nm to 1610nm in 20nm increments Omnitron color codes latch handles in Upper Band Wavelength 1610nm 1590nm 1570nm 1550nm 1530nm 1510nm 1490nm 1470nm Color Brown Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Purple Gray

39 CWDM Wavelength Conversion How to Connect Legacy Equipment to CWDM networks Transponders convert fixed fiber ports with legacy wavelengths to CWDM wavelengths

40 CWDM MUX & OADM Application Bus (Linear) Topology with 1-Channel and 2-Channel Add+Drop locations A single-direction OADM is used at each location.

41 High Density CWDM Application

42 Fiber Backhaul for WiFi and Small Cell Networks Thank You! Sankar Ramachandran Director of Product Management Omnitron Systems

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44 Fiber Backhaul for WiFi and Small Cell Networks QandA Sankar Ramachandran