Lecture 8 BP enactment

Transcription

1 BPM Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 1 Lecture 8 BP enactment

2 Agenda Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 2 [BPM introduction run through] Workflow Management System (WfMS) Business Rules Business Process Management System (BPMS): Bonita

3 Enterprise architecture and business processes Specific Architecture IT-Architecture Enterprise Architecture Lawful assignment Basic condition Market / customer politic Business Process Model Organization Model Project portfolio of the resort Information objects / data sources Data flow Analysis Architecture Application development plan Product- / process matrix Application architecture Infrastructure development plan Integration architecture Presentation layer Standard tools /SEU Strategy/ Guideline Business Process Architecture Information Architecture Application Architecture Technology Architecture Business strategy/ IT-Strategy Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 3

4 Business process Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 4 Input Process Output A Business Process is a a set of interrelated or interacting activities which transforms inputs into outputs. DIN EN ISO 9000

5 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 5 Functional- vs. process-oriented organization Organization Manufacturing Sales Development Marketing Manufacturing I Contracting. Advertisementt Semi-finished Goods. Voice of the Customer

6 Business Process Environment Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 6 Process Management Process Controlling Supplier Input Resources Activity1 Activity 1.2 Activity n.m Input Supplier Employee Information Goods Source: Gerboth 2001

7 Different perspectives of process over time Period Perpective Focus Now 1900s Scientific management Reorganization of work processes and their content to simplify the work JIT, Kanban, TQM 1940s Operation research, Optimization of resources and facilities Optimization tools in software solutions System thinking Holistic view of interactions of functions and processes and their environment, including feedback and control Systems dynamics and learning organization 1960s Process simulation Data processing Information systems Systems modelling Simulating processes and activities Digitization of routine transactions Computerized support of nonroutine activities and processes Models and tools to represent information systems and processes Simulation ERP systems Knowledge mgt Various (UML, BPM, SODA, etc.) methods and languages Source: Seethamraju 2012 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 7

8 Different perspectives of process over time Period Perpective Focus Now 1980s 2000s Quality Management Process Reengineering E-commerce Enterprise Systems Supply chain Management BPO Service oriented computing Process control and improvements through tools, systems, standards and excellence frameworks Process performance improvement through aggressive redesign and new design of processes Digitization of activities and transactions across the supply chain End-to-end seamless customer interactions across channels Enterprise modeling and integrated transactional processes Inter-enterprise processes customer and supplierside Execution of business processes by external providers Web services, SOA and IT-enabled services as processes Orchestration, configuration and business activity monitoring Process intelligence through event monitoring Six Sigma/lean BPR and redesign Process mapping and Modeling Enterprise systems Business process Management Service process management Process intelligence Process agility Business activity Monitoring Source: Seethamraju 2012 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 8

9 Business process management: definition Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 9 Business Process Management (BPM) is a set of all management activities/body of methods related to business processes. (Mendling 2007)

10 How to engage in BPM Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 10 Process monitoring/ controlling Potential assessment Process implementation Process modeling (as-is) Process redesign (to-be) Process analysis

11 BP enactment Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 11 Workflow management system (WfMS)

12 Process Enactment: Design vs. Modeling Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 12 Process Design: Involves process specification, in detail Is basis for process enactment, i.e., needs precise information on data, applications, etc. Includes executable process logic Process Modeling Basis for process design Identifies process Describes tasks, their temporal and causal relations

13 Definition: WfMS Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 13 Workflow the automation of a business process, in whole or part, during which documents, information or tasks are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of procedural rules. (WfMC) Workflow Management System A system that defines, creates and manages the execution of workflows through the use of software, running on one or more workflow engines, which is able to interpret the process definition, interact with workflow participants and, where required, invoke the use of IT tools and applications. (WfMC)

14 Automation in BPM Lifecycle Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 14 Source: Van der Aalst 2003

15 Workflow system: overview Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 15 Build-Time Process modelling Run-Time Process Control Workflow-Engine Run-Time Activity Interaction Workflow-Client

16 Reference model of the Workflow Management Coalition Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 16 Process Definition Tools Administration & Monitoring Tools Interface 5 Interface 1 Workflow API and Interchange formats Workflow Enactment Service Workflow Engine(s) Interface 4 Other Workflow Enactment Service(s) Workflow Engine(s) Interface 2 Interface 3 Workflow Client Applications Invoked Applications Source: WfMS, 1995

17 Workflowmanagement System: Architecture Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 17 Definition Tool Software component May reference Organization/ Role Model Data Process Definition Generate Interpreted by References External product /data System control data may refer to Workflow Enactment Center WFM Engine Work List maintain use Workflow Control Data Invokes Workflow Relevant Data Update Applications Manipulate Administration and control Interact via Worklist handler Workflow Application Data (Supervisor) User Interface Invokes Applications

18 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 18 Process definition using YAWL Process Definition Tools Administration & Monitoring Tools Interface 5 Interface 1 Workflow API and Interchange formats Workflow Enactment Service Workflow Engine(s) Interface 4 Other Workflow Enactment Service(s) Workflow Engine(s) Interface 2 Interface 3 Workflow Client Applications Invoked Applications Source: Van der Aalst 2008

19 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 19 WF client applications Process Definition Tools Administration & Monitoring Tools Interface 5 Interface 1 Workflow API and Interchange formats Workflow Enactment Service Workflow Engine(s) Interface 4 Other Workflow Enactment Service(s) Workflow Engine(s) Interface 2 Workflow Client Applications Invoked Applications Interface 3 Source: Van der Aalst 2008

20 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 20 Administration and monitoring tools Process Definition Tools Administration & Monitoring Tools Interface 5 Interface 1 Workflow API and Interchange formats Workflow Enactment Service Workflow Engine(s) Interface 4 Other Workflow Enactment Service(s) Workflow Engine(s) Interface 2 Interface 3 Workflow Client Applications Invoked Applications Source: Van der Aalst 2008

21 BP enactment Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 21 Business Process Management System (BPMS)

22 EVOLUTION OF BUSINESS PROCESS ENACTMENT Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 22 Source: Van der Aalst 2003

23 BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 23 A BPMS is: a generic software system that is driven by explicit process designs to enact and manage operational business processes. (van der Aalst 2003) BPM extends the traditional WFM approach by support for the diagnosis phase (cf. BPA and BAM software) and allowing for new ways to support operational processes Concerned with the definition, execution and management of business processes defined independently of any single application. A superset of workflow, further differentiated by the ability to coordinate activities across multiple applications with fine grain control.

24 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 24 BPMS ARCHITECTURE WS-CDL choreograp hy Internal system Business Analyst Technical Analyst Graphical Editor-standard notation (BPMN) Exporter (BPMN to BPEL mapping) Generates, Validates WS-CDL toolkit: code generator, compliance validator Human worklist application XML, web services, J2EE, NET, java, C# Standard worklist interface Deployment Write Runtime engine- BPEL Web Services External process Management language Process database Query Administration and monitoring console Process Participant System administrator Source: Harvey 2005

25 Enterprise Architecture: Example Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 25 Source: Pant 2009

26 BUSINESS RULES Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 26

27 Enterprise architecture and business rules (BR) Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 27 Structure (What) Activities (How) Locations (Where) People (Who) Time (When) Motivatio n (Why) Objectives/ Scope (Planners view) Most significants business concepts Mission International view of where organzations operates Human resource philosophies and strategies Annual planning Enterprise vision Enterprise Model (Business owner s view) Business languages used Strategies and highlevel business processes Offices and relationships between them Positions and relationships between positions Busines s events Goals, objectives, business policies Model of fundamental concepts (architects view) Specific entities and relationships between them Business functions and tactics Roles played in each location and relationships between roles Actual and potential interactions between people System events Detailed business rules Source: Immon, Zimmermann, Geiger 1997

28 Enterprise architecture and business rules II Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 28 Structure (What) Activities (How) Locations (Where) People (Who) Time (When) Motivation (Why) Technology Model (Designer s view) Detailed Represenation (Builder s view) Functioning System System representation of entities and relationships Implementation strategies of entities and relationships Classes, components, tables Programm functions/o perations Implement ation design of functions/o perations Deployed function/op erations Hardware, network, middleware Protocols, hardware, component s, deployed software items Deployed hard, middleware and software User interface design Implement ation of user interfaces Deployed user interface (including documenta tion) System triggers Impleme ntation of system triggers Deployed system Business rules design Implementa tion of business rules Deployed software Source: Immon, Zimmermann, Geiger 1997

29 Business Process Elements Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 29 Internal and external Factors Trigger Input a 1 Business Rules (BR) a 3 a 2 a 4 a 5 Output Process Organization IT Events Source: Schwickert 1996

30 Business Rules (BR): Definition Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 30 Business Rules describe desired logic that support the business: What is needed to realize the process not how the processes is done Business Rules Group: Two Persepctives: Information System and Business: Business:...a business rule is guidance that there is an obligation concerning conduct, action, practice, or procedure within a particular activity or sphere. IS:...a business rule is a statement that defines or constrains some aspect of the business. It is intended to assert business structure, or to control or influence the behavior of the business. Source: BRG 08

31 Business rules - types Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 31 Contrains: Must/must not: A customer must not overdraw his/her credit limit Process rules- trigger or hinder an action: IF- ELSE If a customer applies for a loan, then his/her credit history has to be checked Calculated/Derivation rules: Are derived from other information: A customer is a premium customer, if he/she spends min. of $ in the store; Product price equals the sum of original product price, VAT and 4% discount.

32 Business rules - sources Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 32 External Policies: Laws, Common agreements, State-of-the-art, Supplier or competitor dependence, etc. Internal Policies: Business philosophy, business policies, business processes, etc. BR are neither procedures nor processes! They are declarations BR can describe control flow of the process

33 Where to find business rules Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 33 Intranet / Word / Excel Business process definitions IT systems: 700 applications (partially over 20 years old) 15 Mio. SLOC PL/1 10 Mio. SLOC Java COTS software many applications with 2 or 3 languages Rules coded in PL/1, Java, DB constraints, PLSQL,.. Source: Küng 2008

34 Gathering business rules Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 34 Requirements engineering Source: Küng 2008

35 Business rules capturing Guidelines for Business Rules formulation BR are expressed in a natural language BR are expressed in terms that are comprehensive to the business departments BR expression allows business departments to validate their correctness Business vocabulary and terms are used consistently BR are edited and captured by business experts BR are defined for the business and apply to business Source: Schacher 2006 von Halle 2001 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 35

36 EXAMPLE: BONITA WFMS Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 36

37 Bonita Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 37

38 Bonita - Define data for Simulation Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 38

39 Bonita - Data can be assigned a probability Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 39

40 Bonita - Simulation tab on an element Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 40

41 Define Simulation Data for an Element Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 41

42 How to install resources and load profiles for Simulation Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 42

43 Define load characteristics Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 43

44 Run a Simulation Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 44

45 Reports Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 45

46 Prof. Dr. Hermann Krallmann/SYSEDV 46 References Van der Aalst, W.: Workflow Management; Introduction course, 2008: wwwis.win.tue.nl/~wvdaalst/workflowcourse/slides/wfm1_intro.ppt (accessed ) M. Havey, Essential business process modeling. O Reilly Media, Inc., 2005 Pant, K. Business Rules Management, BPM and SOA ; (accessed ) Kueng, P. Business Rules Management- more than a Buzzword, SI-SE Fachtagung, 2008; (accessed ) Schacher, M., Grässle, P.: Agile Companies by Business Rules, The Business Rules Approach, Springer, 2006 Von Halle, B.: Business Rules Applied: Building Better Systems Using the Business Rules Approach; Wiley, 2001