AncestryDNA Tutorial

Transcription

1 AncestryDNA Tutorial Presented at Albuquerque West Family History Conference 12 September 2015 By Irma S Holtkamp, MLS Los Alamos, NM 06isholtkamp@gmail.com

2 Focus of this Presentation DNA Testing and Genealogy AncestryDNA Overview Working with AncestryDNA Matches DNA Circles DNA Analysis Tool - GEDMatch Importance and Value of Collaboration Where to Learn More

3 Some DNA Basics DNA - Another Tool in Your Genealogy Toolkit Types of Tests Why test and which test to take? Why NOT to test? Genealogical Tree vs. Genetic Tree Genetic Ethnicity Patience and Perseverance This is Hard Stuff!

4 Types of DNA Tests Y-DNA Source: Swedish Society for Genetic Genealogy

5 Types of DNA Tests mtdna Source: Swedish Society for Genetic Genealogy

6 Types of DNA Tests atdna Source: Swedish Society for Genetic Genealogy

7 Before You Test DNA is still new Limitations Why autosomal testing? Why NOT to test? Genealogical Tree vs. Genetic Tree Genetic Ethnicity Patience and Perseverance This is Hard Stuff!

8 Limitations of atdna Testing Still relatively new a work-in-progress Low reliability beyond 4-5 generations because of recombination Matches may appear to be closer than they really are endogamy Can t always disprove relationships - No match doesn t mean you are NOT related - Just means you don t share enough atdna in common Can t prove SPECIFIC relationships except for parent/child only tells you how much atdna you have in common

9 Why do autosomal DNA testing? Curiosity the thrill of the unknown Want to find out about your ethnicity Hit a brick wall Adoptee Possible support for what you already know/suspect Discover a story Connect with cousins Find some you didn t know you were related to Find someone who has part of the tree that you don t Collaborate!

10 But DO NOT test if You ARE NOT prepared for what the test may suggest or reveal Your family IS NOT ready to handle the results

11 Genealogical vs. Genetic Trees Genealogical Tree = all of your ancestors (some are known AND some appear more than once) Genetic Tree = ancestors whose DNA you inherited At 10 generations, only an estimated of your 1024 ancestors contribute to your DNA* Recombination and Endogamy affect DNA inheritance *

12 Genealogical vs. Genetic Trees Source: Blaine Bettinger

13 Who Should Test? Depends on what you want to know Test yourself Test your parents (if living) important for triangulation Test living aunts and uncles if parent(s) are deceased Test grandparents and oldest living relatives Test siblings, half-siblings You don t inherit exactly the same DNA segments Test your spouse and children and grandchildren Adoptees - Other tests (Y-DNA and mtdna) Are you taking the RIGHT test?

14 AncestryDNA Testing Activate and monitor status of test(s) What to do while you wait for results Tree settings and DNA matches Be patient!

15 While you wait for DNA test results Create tree at Ancestry.com Start from scratch using OR Special guidance for adoptees Enter what you know about biological parents Enter skeleton information Biological Father, Biological Mother Link the DNA test to person in your tree You can only link each DNA test to ONE person in ONE tree! Determine other DNA Test Settings Decide whether your tree will be PUBLIC or PRIVATE

16 AncestryDNA Test Settings

17 AncestryDNA Test Settings

18 Why DNA tests aren t linked Didn t know to do this Forgot this step No tree Adoptee Just interested in ethnicity Tree is maintained elsewhere On personal computer FamilySearch Multiple trees

19 AncestryDNA Test Settings

20 AncestryDNA Test Settings

21 Genetic Ethnicity Estimates 26 regions regions overlap AncestryDNA Reference panel = 3000 DNA samples from natives of 26 regions Regions and panels differ from company to company Your test is compared to reference panels AND to everyone else in the Ancestry DNA database Remember these are ESTIMATES! Your estimates will differ from your parents, siblings, etc. Trace regions may be off or reflect ancient ancestry ( years ago)

22 Genetic Ethnicity FTDNA vs AncestryDNA

23 I have results! Now what? Download Your RAW DNA data and save it RAW DNA.zip file can be transferred Family Tree DNA (FTDNA) save $$$ GEDMatch Tool - FREE Can download at any time from Test Settings but do it ASAP so you don t forget Transfer to find more DNA matches not at Ancestry Begin looking at your DNA Matches

24 Working with DNA Matches Distant Rela;onship Low Confidence Relationships can be farther than estimated! 2015 by Irma S. Holtkamp Close Rela;onship High Confidence Predicted Rela;onship Higher Effort Unknown Payoff Lowest Effort Highest Payoff Hints Public Tree Surname Match Loca;on Match High # People DNA Known Person Recent User Login Date Research Effort Highest Effort No/Low Payoff Higher Effort Unknown Payoff No Hints Private Tree No Surname Match No Loca;on Match No Tree or Low # People DNA Unknown Person Old User Login Date

25 DNA Matches - New Filters

26 Shared Matches = In Common With

27 AncestryDNA Circles Caution This feature is in Beta mode! What is a DNA Circle? What s Required to Participate? How are AncestryDNA Circles created? What do DNA Circles look like? What is Circle Membership Confidence? What can I do with a DNA Circle? Where can I learn more?

28 To Be In and View a DNA Circle YOU MUST Be an AncestryDNA customer Have an Ancestry.com member tree that is set as PUBLIC Why? Because your membership in a DNA Circle gives others access to your tree) Subscribe to Ancestry.com

29 What is an AncestryDNA Circle? A group of individuals (who have all taken the Ancestry atdna (autosomal DNA) test and whose DNA results are linked to a family tree at Ancestry.com All these individuals have a common ancestor in their family trees Each member in the circle shares DNA with at least one other member in the circle Circles are only formed around your past six generations because beyond that individuals may share DNA because of multiple common ancestors or because they have similar genetic origins The Circles are created directly from your DNA and your family tree

30 Likelihood of a DNA Match

31 How are Circles Created? Five step process done for you by AncestryDNA: Finds DNA matches Your DNA is compared to the DNA of every AncestryDNA member. When enough shared DNA is found between you and another member from the same recent ancestry, you are a DNA match. Based on the amount of DNA shared, your relationship is estimated. Searches trees for shared ancestors Once a DNA match is found, family trees are searched for ancestors who appear to be the same person based on the following facts: name, birthdate, birthplace, parents, and spouse going back nine generations. Calculates a shared ancestor confidence score A variety of factors are considered to determine how likely it is that you and your match share DNA from the same ancestor, IBD (identical by descent) as opposed to IBS (identical by state) or that the DNA is shared from a different ancestor. Adds more people to the circle Process is repeated looking for other pairs of individuals with the same shared ancestors in their trees who share DNA with one or more of existing circle members (each circle has at least 3 members). Some of these new members may not share DNA with you, but each member of the circle has DNA evidence supporting their relationship to the share ancestor, and therefore to you. Calculates connection levels Circle Membership Confidence A simple way to show how likely each member of the circle is a descendant of the shared ancestor.

32 What do DNA Circles Look Like? Relationships view

33 What do DNA Circles Look Like? List view

34 Connection Levels (aka Circle Membership Confidence) Types of information to determine connection levels in DNA circles: the number of connections, the strength of connections, and the number of people in the circle Information used to calculate confidence scores Is the DNA you share because of a recent shared ancestor? Is the shared ancestor in both trees? How complete is your tree and that of your DNA match? How many shared ancestors do you have? How many generations back is the shared ancestor?

35 How to Improve your Confidence Score Compare the info about the shared ancestor in your tree and your match's tree. If you find new sources or facts, you can add them to your tree. Keep building your family tree. The more you know about the first ten generations of your direct-line ancestors, the more confident we will be that you've inherited DNA from a shared ancestor. Merge duplicate people. If you have an ancestor in your tree twice, you'll have multiple shared ancestors between you and your match, which means a lower confidence score. Test more family members. Even though you might share a small amount of DNA with a cousin, one of your immediate family members may have inherited more of the shared ancestor's DNA and would have a higher confidence score.

36 What Can I Do with a DNA Circle? Use it to find other likely or probable descendants of a common ancestor Connect, share, collaborate with other descendants of a common ancestor Get cousins tested to add to the circle and discover more connections

37 DNA Circles The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly It s a BETA! Google the words: AncestryDNA +circles Read positive AND negative posts Look for comments and presentations by well known (and respected) genealogists B. Bettinger

38 AncestryDNA Help AncestryDNA FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) Additional Help at AncestryDNA Must have autosomal test results at AncestryDNA linked to a public tree How DNA Circles are created? What can DNA circles do for me? How are DNA Circle connection levels calculated? How are members of a DNA Circle related to each other? Who will you see in a DNA Circle? How are close family members grouped together in DNA Circles? How do DNA Circles change over time? Why do DNA Circles only go back 6 generations? Why did AncestryDNA create DNA Circles? Do all members of a DNA Circle have the same matching segment? How is the shared ancestor hint confidence score calculated? What is genetic inheritance?

39 AncestryDNA - Additional Resources Ancestry Academy Facebook Ancestry (product page) Facebook groups ISOGG International Society of Genetic Genealogists Genealogy blogs

40 DNA Analysis Tool - GEDMatch URL - gedmatch.com Most popular third-party tool It s FREE! Helpful user community Promotes cross-platform analysis of autosomal DNA (atdna) Accepts atdna data from AncestryDNA Family Tree DNA (FTDNA) 23 and Me Is a suite of tools

41 GEDMatch Find DNA matches that DID NOT test at AncestryDNA Tools include: One to many matches compares your raw data to everyone else in the GEDMatch database One to one comparison Admixture has many different ethnicity calculators Phasing generates phased maternal and paternal data files (but must test at least one parent Can indicate if your parents are related. and more

42 GEDMatch Tier 1 Tools Oct 2014 $10 per month Matching Segment Search finds others with segments that match yours Relationship Tree projection calculates probable relationship paths highly experimental Lazarus creates surrogate kits to represent close ancestors Triangulation identify and confirm triangulation groups from your matches

43 Goal is Collaboration Find new cousins share and learn Using Ancestry messaging service to communicate Review probable matches and associated trees carefully noting problems and questions Don t forget to review and clean up your tree Do introduce yourself and share something or ask about a specific ancestor DO NOT send spam mail to all your potential matches Respond in a timely manner - begin a collaboration

44 Summary DNA is just another tool in your genealogy toolkit it s new and is evolving DOES NOT replace traditional genealogical research! Learn about DNA using a variety of methods Blogs Facebook posts Conferences, webinars, seminars Coursework Family Tree University online learning Ask Questions and Share what you learn!

45 Have fun and Thank you! Questions?