Genetics. The study of heredity. discovered the. Gregor Mendel (1860 s) garden peas.
|
|
- Sara Greer
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 GENETICS
2 Genetics The study of heredity. Gregor Mendel (1860 s) discovered the fundamental principles of genetics by breeding garden peas.
3 Genetics Alleles 1. Alternative forms of genes. 2. Units that determine heritable traits. 3. Dominant alleles (TT - tall pea plants) a. homozygous dominant 4. Recessive alleles (tt - dwarf pea plants) a. homozygous recessive 5. Heterozygous (Tt - tall pea plants)
4 Phenotype Outward appearance Physical characteristics Examples: 1. tall pea plant 2. dwarf pea plant
5 Genotype Arrangement of genes that produces the phenotype Example: 1. tall pea plant TT = tall (homozygous dominant) 2. dwarf pea plant tt = dwarf (homozygous recessive) 3. tall pea plant Tt = tall (heterozygous)
6 Punnett square A Punnett square is used to show the possible combinations of gametes.
7 Breed the P generation tall (TT) vs. dwarf (tt) pea plants T T t t
8 tall (TT) vs. dwarf (tt) pea plants T T t Tt Tt produces the F 1 generation t Tt Tt All Tt = tall (heterozygous tall)
9 Breed the F 1 generation tall (Tt) vs. tall (Tt) pea plants T t T t
10 tall (Tt) vs. tall (Tt) pea plants T t T TT Tt produces the F 2 generation t Tt tt 1/4 (25%) = TT 1/2 (50%) = Tt 1/4 (25%) = tt 1:2:1 genotype 3:1 phenotype
11 Monohybrid Cross A breeding experiment that tracks the inheritance of a single trait. Mendel s principle of segregation a. pairs of genes separate during gamete formation (meiosis). b. the fusion of gametes at fertilization pairs genes once again.
12 Homologous Chromosomes eye color locus B = brown eyes eye color locus b = blue eyes This person would have brown eyes (Bb) Paternal Maternal
13 Meiosis - eye color B B B sperm Bb diploid (2n) b b haploid (n) meiosis I meiosis II b
14 Monohybrid Cross Example: BB = brown eyes Bb = brown eyes bb = blue eyes Bb x Bb Cross between two heterozygotes for brown eyes (Bb) B B b male gametes b female gametes
15 Monohybrid Cross B b Bb x Bb B BB Bb 1/4 = BB - brown eyed 1/2 = Bb - brown eyed 1/4 = bb - blue eyed b Bb bb 1:2:1 genotype 3:1 phenotype
16 Dihybrid Cross A breeding experiment that tracks the inheritance of two traits. Mendel s principle of independent assortment a. each pair of alleles segregates independently during gamete formation (metaphase I) b. formula: 2 n (n = # of heterozygotes)
17 Independent Assortment Question: How many gametes will be produced for the following allele arrangements? Remember: 2 n (n = # of heterozygotes) 1. RrYy 2. AaBbCCDd 3. MmNnOoPPQQRrssTtQq
18 Answer: 1. RrYy: 2 n = 2 2 = 4 gametes RY Ry ry ry 2. AaBbCCDd: 2 n = 2 3 = 8 gametes ABCD ABCd AbCD AbCd abcd abcd abcd abcd 3. MmNnOoPPQQRrssTtQq: 2 n = 2 6 = 64 gametes
19 Dihybrid Cross Example: cross between round and yellow heterozygous pea seeds. R r Y y = round = wrinkled = yellow = green RrYy x RrYy RY Ry ry ry x RY Ry ry ry possible gametes produced
20 Dihybrid Cross RY Ry ry ry RY Ry ry ry
21 Dihybrid Cross RY Ry ry ry RY RRYY RRYy RrYY RrYy Round/Yellow: 9 Ry RRYy RRyy RrYy Rryy Round/green: 3 wrinkled/yellow: 3 ry RrYY RrYy rryy rryy wrinkled/green: 1 ry RrYy Rryy rryy rryy 9:3:3:1 phenotypic ratio
22 Test Cross A mating between an individual of unknown genotype and a homozygous recessive individual. Example: bbc x bbcc BB = brown eyes Bb = brown eyes bb = blue eyes bc b CC = curly hair Cc = curly hair cc = straight hair bc
23 Test Cross Possible results: bc b C bc b c bc bbcc bbcc or bc bbcc bbcc
24 Incomplete Dominance F1 hybrids have an appearance somewhat in between the phenotypes of the two parental varieties. Example: snapdragons (flower) red (RR) x white (rr) R R RR = red flower rr = white flower r r
25 Incomplete Dominance R R r Rr Rr produces the F 1 generation r Rr Rr All Rr = pink (heterozygous pink)
26 Codominance Two alleles are expressed (multiple alleles) in heterozygous individuals. Example: blood 1. type A = I A I A or I A i 2. type B = I B I B or I B i 3. type AB = I A I B 4. type O = ii
27 Codominance Example: homozygous male B (I B I B ) x heterozygous female A (I A i) I B I B I A i I A I B I B i I A I B I B i 1/2 = I A I B 1/2 = I B i
28 Codominance Example: male O (ii) x female AB (I A I B ) I A I B i I A i I B i 1/2 = I A i 1/2 = I B i i I A i I B i
29 Codominance Question: If a boy has a blood type O and his sister has blood type AB, what are the genotypes and phenotypes of their parents. boy - type O (ii) X girl - type AB (I A I B )
30 Codominance Answer: I A i I B i I A I B ii Parents: genotypes = I A i and I B i phenotypes = A and B
31 Sex-linked Traits Traits (genes) located on the sex chromosomes Example: fruit flies (red-eyed male) X (white-eyed female)
32 Sex-linked Traits Sex Chromosomes fruit fly eye color XX chromosome - female Xy chromosome - male
33 Sex-linked Traits Example: fruit flies (red-eyed male) X (white-eyed female) Remember: the Y chromosome in males does not carry traits. RR = red eyed Rr = red eyed rr = white eyed X r X R y Xy = male XX = female X r
34 Sex-linked Traits X R y X r X r X R X r X R X r X r y X r y 1/2 red eyed and female 1/2 white eyed and male
35 Population Genetics The study of genetic changes in populations. The science of microevolutionary changes in populations. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium: the principle that shuffling of genes that occurs during sexual reproduction, by itself, cannot change the overall genetic makeup of a population. Hardy-Wienberg equation: 1 = p 2 + 2pq + q 2
36 Question: How do we get this equation? Answer: Square 1 = p + q 1 2 = (p + q) 2 1 = p 2 + 2pq + q 2
37 Hardy-Wienberg equation Five conditions are required for Hardy-Wienberg equilibrium. 1. large population 2. isolated population 3. no net mutations 4. random mating 5. no natural selection
38 Important Need to remember the following: p 2 = homozygous dominant 2pq = heterozygous q 2 = homozygous recessive
39 Question: Iguanas with webbed feet (recessive trait) make up 4% of the population. What in the population is heterozygous and homozygous dominant.
40 Answer: 1. q 2 = 4% or.04 q 2 =.04 q =.2 2. then use 1 = p + q 1 = p = p.8 = p 3. for heterozygous use 2pq 2(.8)(.2) =.32 or 32% 4. For homozygous dominant use p =.64 or 64%
41 Hardy-Wienberg equation 1 = p 2 + 2pq + q 2 64% = p 2 = homozygous dominant 32% = 2pq = heterozygous 04% = q 2 = homozygous recessive 100%
Heredity. Sarah crosses a homozygous white flower and a homozygous purple flower. The cross results in all purple flowers.
Heredity 1. Sarah is doing an experiment on pea plants. She is studying the color of the pea plants. Sarah has noticed that many pea plants have purple flowers and many have white flowers. Sarah crosses
More informationChapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance
Bio 100 Patterns of Inheritance 1 Chapter 9 Patterns of Inheritance Modern genetics began with Gregor Mendel s quantitative experiments with pea plants History of Heredity Blending theory of heredity -
More informationGENETIC CROSSES. Monohybrid Crosses
GENETIC CROSSES Monohybrid Crosses Objectives Explain the difference between genotype and phenotype Explain the difference between homozygous and heterozygous Explain how probability is used to predict
More informationName: Class: Date: ID: A
Name: Class: _ Date: _ Meiosis Quiz 1. (1 point) A kidney cell is an example of which type of cell? a. sex cell b. germ cell c. somatic cell d. haploid cell 2. (1 point) How many chromosomes are in a human
More informationHeredity - Patterns of Inheritance
Heredity - Patterns of Inheritance Genes and Alleles A. Genes 1. A sequence of nucleotides that codes for a special functional product a. Transfer RNA b. Enzyme c. Structural protein d. Pigments 2. Genes
More information7A The Origin of Modern Genetics
Life Science Chapter 7 Genetics of Organisms 7A The Origin of Modern Genetics Genetics the study of inheritance (the study of how traits are inherited through the interactions of alleles) Heredity: the
More informationMendelian and Non-Mendelian Heredity Grade Ten
Ohio Standards Connection: Life Sciences Benchmark C Explain the genetic mechanisms and molecular basis of inheritance. Indicator 6 Explain that a unit of hereditary information is called a gene, and genes
More informationBio 102 Practice Problems Mendelian Genetics and Extensions
Bio 102 Practice Problems Mendelian Genetics and Extensions Short answer (show your work or thinking to get partial credit): 1. In peas, tall is dominant over dwarf. If a plant homozygous for tall is crossed
More informationBio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Bio EOC Questions for Cell Reproduction:
Bio EOC Topics for Cell Reproduction: Asexual vs. sexual reproduction Mitosis steps, diagrams, purpose o Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis Meiosis steps, diagrams, purpose
More informationA trait is a variation of a particular character (e.g. color, height). Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes.
1 Biology Chapter 10 Study Guide Trait A trait is a variation of a particular character (e.g. color, height). Traits are passed from parents to offspring through genes. Genes Genes are located on chromosomes
More informationLAB : PAPER PET GENETICS. male (hat) female (hair bow) Skin color green or orange Eyes round or square Nose triangle or oval Teeth pointed or square
Period Date LAB : PAPER PET GENETICS 1. Given the list of characteristics below, you will create an imaginary pet and then breed it to review the concepts of genetics. Your pet will have the following
More informationHuman Blood Types: Codominance and Multiple Alleles. Codominance: both alleles in the heterozygous genotype express themselves fully
Human Blood Types: Codominance and Multiple Alleles Codominance: both alleles in the heterozygous genotype express themselves fully Multiple alleles: three or more alleles for a trait are found in the
More informationBiology Final Exam Study Guide: Semester 2
Biology Final Exam Study Guide: Semester 2 Questions 1. Scientific method: What does each of these entail? Investigation and Experimentation Problem Hypothesis Methods Results/Data Discussion/Conclusion
More informationName: 4. A typical phenotypic ratio for a dihybrid cross is a) 9:1 b) 3:4 c) 9:3:3:1 d) 1:2:1:2:1 e) 6:3:3:6
Name: Multiple-choice section Choose the answer which best completes each of the following statements or answers the following questions and so make your tutor happy! 1. Which of the following conclusions
More information2 18. If a boy s father has haemophilia and his mother has one gene for haemophilia. What is the chance that the boy will inherit the disease? 1. 0% 2
1 GENETICS 1. Mendel is considered to be lucky to discover the laws of inheritance because 1. He meticulously analyzed his data statistically 2. He maintained pedigree records of various generations he
More informationBiology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9
Biology 1406 Exam 4 Notes Cell Division and Genetics Ch. 8, 9 Ch. 8 Cell Division Cells divide to produce new cells must pass genetic information to new cells - What process of DNA allows this? Two types
More informationCCR Biology - Chapter 7 Practice Test - Summer 2012
Name: Class: Date: CCR Biology - Chapter 7 Practice Test - Summer 2012 Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A person who has a disorder caused
More informationProblems 1-6: In tomato fruit, red flesh color is dominant over yellow flesh color, Use R for the Red allele and r for the yellow allele.
Genetics Problems Name ANSWER KEY Problems 1-6: In tomato fruit, red flesh color is dominant over yellow flesh color, Use R for the Red allele and r for the yellow allele. 1. What would be the genotype
More informationIncomplete Dominance and Codominance
Name: Date: Period: Incomplete Dominance and Codominance 1. In Japanese four o'clock plants red (R) color is incompletely dominant over white (r) flowers, and the heterozygous condition (Rr) results in
More informationEx) A tall green pea plant (TTGG) is crossed with a short white pea plant (ttgg). TT or Tt = tall tt = short GG or Gg = green gg = white
Worksheet: Dihybrid Crosses U N I T 3 : G E N E T I C S STEP 1: Determine what kind of problem you are trying to solve. STEP 2: Determine letters you will use to specify traits. STEP 3: Determine parent
More informationThe correct answer is c A. Answer a is incorrect. The white-eye gene must be recessive since heterozygous females have red eyes.
1. Why is the white-eye phenotype always observed in males carrying the white-eye allele? a. Because the trait is dominant b. Because the trait is recessive c. Because the allele is located on the X chromosome
More informationGenetics with a Smile
Teacher Notes Materials Needed: Two coins (penny, poker chip, etc.) per student - One marked F for female and one marked M for male Copies of student worksheets - Genetics with a Smile, Smiley Face Traits,
More informationTerms: The following terms are presented in this lesson (shown in bold italics and on PowerPoint Slides 2 and 3):
Unit B: Understanding Animal Reproduction Lesson 4: Understanding Genetics Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives: 1. Explain
More informationPhenotypes and Genotypes of Single Crosses
GENETICS PROBLEM PACKET- Gifted NAME PER Phenotypes and Genotypes of Single Crosses Use these characteristics about plants to answer the following questions. Round seed is dominant over wrinkled seed Yellow
More informationCHROMOSOMES AND INHERITANCE
SECTION 12-1 REVIEW CHROMOSOMES AND INHERITANCE VOCABULARY REVIEW Distinguish between the terms in each of the following pairs of terms. 1. sex chromosome, autosome 2. germ-cell mutation, somatic-cell
More informationMendelian Genetics in Drosophila
Mendelian Genetics in Drosophila Lab objectives: 1) To familiarize you with an important research model organism,! Drosophila melanogaster. 2) Introduce you to normal "wild type" and various mutant phenotypes.
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name Period Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know. Define: gene locus gamete male gamete female
More informationDRAGON GENETICS LAB -- Principles of Mendelian Genetics
DragonGeneticsProtocol Mendelian Genetics lab Student.doc DRAGON GENETICS LAB -- Principles of Mendelian Genetics Dr. Pamela Esprivalo Harrell, University of North Texas, developed an earlier version of
More informationIf you crossed a homozygous, black guinea pig with a white guinea pig, what would be the phenotype(s)
Biological Principles Name: In guinea pigs, black hair (B) is dominant to white hair (b). Homozygous black guinea pig White guinea pig Heterozygous black guinea pig Genotype Phenotype Why is there no heterozygous
More informationThe Genetics of Drosophila melanogaster
The Genetics of Drosophila melanogaster Thomas Hunt Morgan, a geneticist who worked in the early part of the twentieth century, pioneered the use of the common fruit fly as a model organism for genetic
More informationTwo copies of each autosomal gene affect phenotype.
SECTION 7.1 CHROMOSOMES AND PHENOTYPE Study Guide KEY CONCEPT The chromosomes on which genes are located can affect the expression of traits. VOCABULARY carrier sex-linked gene X chromosome inactivation
More informationDNA Determines Your Appearance!
DNA Determines Your Appearance! Summary DNA contains all the information needed to build your body. Did you know that your DNA determines things such as your eye color, hair color, height, and even the
More informationB2 5 Inheritrance Genetic Crosses
B2 5 Inheritrance Genetic Crosses 65 minutes 65 marks Page of 55 Q. A woman gives birth to triplets. Two of the triplets are boys and the third is a girl. The triplets developed from two egg cells released
More informationLecture 2: Mitosis and meiosis
Lecture 2: Mitosis and meiosis 1. Chromosomes 2. Diploid life cycle 3. Cell cycle 4. Mitosis 5. Meiosis 6. Parallel behavior of genes and chromosomes Basic morphology of chromosomes telomere short arm
More informationsomatic cell egg genotype gamete polar body phenotype homologous chromosome trait dominant autosome genetics recessive
CHAPTER 6 MEIOSIS AND MENDEL Vocabulary Practice somatic cell egg genotype gamete polar body phenotype homologous chromosome trait dominant autosome genetics recessive CHAPTER 6 Meiosis and Mendel sex
More informationVariations on a Human Face Lab
Variations on a Human Face Lab Introduction: Have you ever wondered why everybody has a different appearance even if they are closely related? It is because of the large variety or characteristics that
More informationMeiosis is a special form of cell division.
Page 1 of 6 KEY CONCEPT Meiosis is a special form of cell division. BEFORE, you learned Mitosis produces two genetically identical cells In sexual reproduction, offspring inherit traits from both parents
More informationHardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Problems
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Problems 1. The frequency of two alleles in a gene pool is 0.19 (A) and 0.81(a). Assume that the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. (a) Calculate the percentage of
More informationLesson Plan: GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE
Lesson Plan: GENOTYPE AND PHENOTYPE Pacing Two 45- minute class periods RATIONALE: According to the National Science Education Standards, (NSES, pg. 155-156), In the middle-school years, students should
More information5 GENETIC LINKAGE AND MAPPING
5 GENETIC LINKAGE AND MAPPING 5.1 Genetic Linkage So far, we have considered traits that are affected by one or two genes, and if there are two genes, we have assumed that they assort independently. However,
More informationChapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles
Name Period Chapter 13: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Concept 13.1 Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes 1. Let s begin with a review of several terms that you may already know.
More informationMendelian inheritance and the
Mendelian inheritance and the most common genetic diseases Cornelia Schubert, MD, University of Goettingen, Dept. Human Genetics EUPRIM-Net course Genetics, Immunology and Breeding Mangement German Primate
More informationGenetics Module B, Anchor 3
Genetics Module B, Anchor 3 Key Concepts: - An individual s characteristics are determines by factors that are passed from one parental generation to the next. - During gamete formation, the alleles for
More informationBIO 184 Page 1 Spring 2013 NAME VERSION 1 EXAM 3: KEY. Instructions: PRINT your Name and Exam version Number on your Scantron
BIO 184 Page 1 Spring 2013 EXAM 3: KEY Instructions: PRINT your Name and Exam version Number on your Scantron Example: PAULA SMITH, EXAM 2 VERSION 1 Write your name CLEARLY at the top of every page of
More information2 GENETIC DATA ANALYSIS
2.1 Strategies for learning genetics 2 GENETIC DATA ANALYSIS We will begin this lecture by discussing some strategies for learning genetics. Genetics is different from most other biology courses you have
More informationAP: LAB 8: THE CHI-SQUARE TEST. Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics
Ms. Foglia Date AP: LAB 8: THE CHI-SQUARE TEST Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics Why do we study random chance and probability at the beginning of a unit on genetics? Genetics is the study of inheritance,
More informationChromosomal Basis of Inheritance. Ch. 3
Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance Ch. 3 THE CHROMOSOME THEORY OF INHERITANCE AND SEX CHROMOSOMES! The chromosome theory of inheritance describes how the transmission of chromosomes account for the Mendelian
More informationBio 102 Practice Problems Mendelian Genetics: Beyond Pea Plants
Bio 102 Practice Problems Mendelian Genetics: Beyond Pea Plants Short answer (show your work or thinking to get partial credit): 1. In four-o'clock flowers, red flower color (R) is incompletely dominant
More informationI. Genes found on the same chromosome = linked genes
Genetic recombination in Eukaryotes: crossing over, part 1 I. Genes found on the same chromosome = linked genes II. III. Linkage and crossing over Crossing over & chromosome mapping I. Genes found on the
More informationA and B are not absolutely linked. They could be far enough apart on the chromosome that they assort independently.
Name Section 7.014 Problem Set 5 Please print out this problem set and record your answers on the printed copy. Answers to this problem set are to be turned in to the box outside 68-120 by 5:00pm on Friday
More informationGENETICS AND HEREDITY
Page No.1 GENETICS Genetics is the science which deals with the mechanisms responsible for similarities and differences among closely related species. The term genetic was coined by W.Batesmanin 1905.
More informationMCAS Biology. Review Packet
MCAS Biology Review Packet 1 Name Class Date 1. Define organic. THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE 2. All living things are made up of 6 essential elements: SPONCH. Name the six elements of life. S N P C O H 3. Elements
More informationLAB : THE CHI-SQUARE TEST. Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics
Period Date LAB : THE CHI-SQUARE TEST Probability, Random Chance, and Genetics Why do we study random chance and probability at the beginning of a unit on genetics? Genetics is the study of inheritance,
More informationGenetics 1. Defective enzyme that does not make melanin. Very pale skin and hair color (albino)
Genetics 1 We all know that children tend to resemble their parents. Parents and their children tend to have similar appearance because children inherit genes from their parents and these genes influence
More informationCHAPTER 15 THE CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE. Section B: Sex Chromosomes
CHAPTER 15 THE CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE Section B: Sex Chromosomes 1. The chromosomal basis of sex varies with the organism 2. Sex-linked genes have unique patterns of inheritance 1. The chromosomal
More informationCHROMOSOME STRUCTURE CHROMOSOME NUMBERS
CHROMOSOME STRUCTURE 1. During nuclear division, the DNA (as chromatin) in a Eukaryotic cell's nucleus is coiled into very tight compact structures called chromosomes. These are rod-shaped structures made
More informationBioBoot Camp Genetics
BioBoot Camp Genetics BIO.B.1.2.1 Describe how the process of DNA replication results in the transmission and/or conservation of genetic information DNA Replication is the process of DNA being copied before
More information7 th Grade Life Science Name: Miss Thomas & Mrs. Wilkinson Lab: Superhero Genetics Due Date:
7 th Grade Life Science Name: Miss Thomas & Mrs. Wilkinson Partner: Lab: Superhero Genetics Period: Due Date: The editors at Marvel Comics are tired of the same old characters. They re all out of ideas
More informationBaby Lab. Class Copy. Introduction
Class Copy Baby Lab Introduction The traits on the following pages are believed to be inherited in the explained manner. Most of the traits, however, in this activity were created to illustrate how human
More informationScheme of work Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610)
Scheme of work Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610) Unit 8: Inheritance and evolution Recommended prior knowledge Basic knowledge of Unit 1 cell structure is required, and also an understanding of the processes
More informationEXERCISE 11 MENDELIAN GENETICS PROBLEMS
EXERCISE 11 MENDELIAN GENETICS PROBLEMS These problems are divided into subdivisions composed of problems that require application of a specific genetic principle. These problems are intended to complement
More informationCCpp X ccpp. CcPp X CcPp. CP Cp cp cp. Purple. White. Purple CcPp. Purple Ccpp White. White. Summary: 9/16 purple, 7/16 white
P F 1 CCpp X ccpp Cp Cp CcPp X CcPp F 2 CP Cp cp cp CP Cp cp cp CCPP CCPp CcPP CcPp CCPp CCpp CcPp Ccpp CcPP CcPp ccpp ccpp Summary: 9/16 purple, 7/16 white CcPp Ccpp ccpp ccpp AABB X aabb P AB ab Gametes
More informationBiology 1406 - Notes for exam 5 - Population genetics Ch 13, 14, 15
Biology 1406 - Notes for exam 5 - Population genetics Ch 13, 14, 15 Species - group of individuals that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; genetically similar 13.7, 14.2 Population
More information5. The cells of a multicellular organism, other than gametes and the germ cells from which it develops, are known as
1. True or false? The chi square statistical test is used to determine how well the observed genetic data agree with the expectations derived from a hypothesis. True 2. True or false? Chromosomes in prokaryotic
More informationSaffiyah Y. Manboard Biology Instructor Seagull Alternative High School Saffiyah.manboard@browardschools.com
The Effect of Discovery Learning through Biotechnology on the Knowledge and Perception of Sickle Cell Anemia and It s Genetics on Lower Income Students Saffiyah Y. Manboard Biology Instructor Seagull Alternative
More information17. A testcross A.is used to determine if an organism that is displaying a recessive trait is heterozygous or homozygous for that trait. B.
ch04 Student: 1. Which of the following does not inactivate an X chromosome? A. Mammals B. Drosophila C. C. elegans D. Humans 2. Who originally identified a highly condensed structure in the interphase
More informationChromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis Inheritance Connection
Chromosomes, Mapping, and the Meiosis Inheritance Connection Carl Correns 1900 Chapter 13 First suggests central role for chromosomes Rediscovery of Mendel s work Walter Sutton 1902 Chromosomal theory
More informationGenetics Part 1: Inheritance of Traits
Genetics Part 1: Inheritance of Traits Genetics is the study of how traits are passed from parents to offspring. Offspring usually show some traits of each parent. For a long time, scientists did not understand
More informationTest Two Study Guide
Test Two Study Guide 1. Describe what is happening inside a cell during the following phases (pictures may help but try to use words): Interphase: : Consists of G1 / S / G2. Growing stage, cell doubles
More informationReebops. A model organism for teaching genetic concepts
A model organism for teaching genetic concepts The activity helps to demonstrate how genetics is responsible both for similarities and variation among members of the same species. are imaginary organisms
More informationGenetics Lecture Notes 7.03 2005. Lectures 1 2
Genetics Lecture Notes 7.03 2005 Lectures 1 2 Lecture 1 We will begin this course with the question: What is a gene? This question will take us four lectures to answer because there are actually several
More informationBio 101 Section 001: Practice Questions for First Exam
Do the Practice Exam under exam conditions. Time yourself! MULTIPLE CHOICE: 1. The substrate fits in the of an enzyme: (A) allosteric site (B) active site (C) reaction groove (D) Golgi body (E) inhibitor
More informationBiology Behind the Crime Scene Week 4: Lab #4 Genetics Exercise (Meiosis) and RFLP Analysis of DNA
Page 1 of 5 Biology Behind the Crime Scene Week 4: Lab #4 Genetics Exercise (Meiosis) and RFLP Analysis of DNA Genetics Exercise: Understanding how meiosis affects genetic inheritance and DNA patterns
More informationGenetics for the Novice
Genetics for the Novice by Carol Barbee Wait! Don't leave yet. I know that for many breeders any article with the word genetics in the title causes an immediate negative reaction. Either they quickly turn
More informationSTD. XII Sci. Triumph Biology
Useful for all Medical Entrance Examinations held across India. STD. XII Sci. Triumph Biology Based on Maharashtra Board Syllabus Fifth Edition: May 2015 Salient Features Exhaustive subtopic wise coverage
More information240Tutoring Life Science Study Material
240Tutoring Life Science Study Material This information is a sample of the instructional content and practice questions found on the 240Tutoring GACE Early Childhood Education. This information is meant
More informationThe Making of the Fittest: Natural Selection in Humans
OVERVIEW MENDELIN GENETIC, PROBBILITY, PEDIGREE, ND CHI-QURE TTITIC This classroom lesson uses the information presented in the short film The Making of the Fittest: Natural election in Humans (http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/making-fittest-natural-selection-humans)
More informationChapter 3. Chapter Outline. Chapter Outline 9/11/10. Heredity and Evolu4on
Chapter 3 Heredity and Evolu4on Chapter Outline The Cell DNA Structure and Function Cell Division: Mitosis and Meiosis The Genetic Principles Discovered by Mendel Mendelian Inheritance in Humans Misconceptions
More informationSexual Reproduction. The specialized cells that are required for sexual reproduction are known as. And come from the process of: GAMETES
Sexual Reproduction Sexual Reproduction We know all about asexual reproduction 1. Only one parent required. 2. Offspring are identical to parents. 3. The cells that produce the offspring are not usually
More informationLAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS
LAB 8 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION: MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS Los Angeles Mission College Biology 3 Name: Date: INTRODUCTION BINARY FISSION: Prokaryotic cells (bacteria) reproduce asexually by binary fission. Bacterial
More informationSummary. 16 1 Genes and Variation. 16 2 Evolution as Genetic Change. Name Class Date
Chapter 16 Summary Evolution of Populations 16 1 Genes and Variation Darwin s original ideas can now be understood in genetic terms. Beginning with variation, we now know that traits are controlled by
More informationLecture 10 Friday, March 20, 2009
Lecture 10 Friday, March 20, 2009 Reproductive isolating mechanisms Prezygotic barriers: Anything that prevents mating and fertilization is a prezygotic mechanism. Habitat isolation, behavioral isolation,
More informationPRACTICE PROBLEMS - PEDIGREES AND PROBABILITIES
PRACTICE PROBLEMS - PEDIGREES AND PROBABILITIES 1. Margaret has just learned that she has adult polycystic kidney disease. Her mother also has the disease, as did her maternal grandfather and his younger
More informationPractice Problems 4. (a) 19. (b) 36. (c) 17
Chapter 10 Practice Problems Practice Problems 4 1. The diploid chromosome number in a variety of chrysanthemum is 18. What would you call varieties with the following chromosome numbers? (a) 19 (b) 36
More informationP1 Gold X Black. 100% Black X. 99 Black and 77 Gold. Critical Values 3.84 5.99 7.82 9.49 11.07 12.59 14.07 15.51
Questions for Exam I Fall 2005 1. Wild-type humbugs have no spots, have red eyes and brown bodies. You have isolated mutations in three new autosomal humbug genes. The mutation Sp gives a dominant phenotype
More informationRingneck Doves. A Handbook of Care & Breeding
Ringneck Doves A Handbook of Care & Breeding With over 100 Full Color Photos, Including Examples and Descriptions of 33 Different Colors and Varieties. K. Wade Oliver Table of Contents Introduction, 4
More informationBasic Principles of Forensic Molecular Biology and Genetics. Population Genetics
Basic Principles of Forensic Molecular Biology and Genetics Population Genetics Significance of a Match What is the significance of: a fiber match? a hair match? a glass match? a DNA match? Meaning of
More informationGenetic Mutations. Indicator 4.8: Compare the consequences of mutations in body cells with those in gametes.
Genetic Mutations Indicator 4.8: Compare the consequences of mutations in body cells with those in gametes. Agenda Warm UP: What is a mutation? Body cell? Gamete? Notes on Mutations Karyotype Web Activity
More informationThe Developing Person Through the Life Span 8e by Kathleen Stassen Berger
The Developing Person Through the Life Span 8e by Kathleen Stassen Berger Chapter 3 Heredity and Environment PowerPoint Slides developed by Martin Wolfger and Michael James Ivy Tech Community College-Bloomington
More informationGene Mapping Techniques
Gene Mapping Techniques OBJECTIVES By the end of this session the student should be able to: Define genetic linkage and recombinant frequency State how genetic distance may be estimated State how restriction
More informationList, describe, diagram, and identify the stages of meiosis.
Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles In this topic we will examine a second type of cell division used by eukaryotic cells: meiosis. In addition, we will see how the 2 types of eukaryotic cell division, mitosis
More informationedtpa: Task 1 Secondary Science
PART A - About the School Where You Are Teaching a. In what type of school do you teach? Middle School: High School: High School 9-12 Other (please describe): Urban: Suburban: Suburban school setting Rural:
More informationInfluence of Sex on Genetics. Chapter Six
Influence of Sex on Genetics Chapter Six Humans 23 Autosomes Chromosomal abnormalities very severe Often fatal All have at least one X Deletion of X chromosome is fatal Males = heterogametic sex XY Females
More informationScience 10-Biology Activity 14 Worksheet on Sexual Reproduction
Science 10-Biology Activity 14 Worksheet on Sexual Reproduction 10 Name Due Date Show Me NOTE: This worksheet is based on material from pages 367-372 in Science Probe. 1. Sexual reproduction requires parents,
More informationLAB 11 Drosophila Genetics
LAB 11 Drosophila Genetics Introduction: Drosophila melanogaster, the fruit fly, is an excellent organism for genetics studies because it has simple food requirements, occupies little space, is hardy,
More informationPATTERNS OF INHERITANCE PHENOTYPE EXPRESSION IN ONE FAMILY TREE. [an early CPA BookClub Booklet 1991]
ALL RIGHTS ARE RETAINED BY THE AUTHOR AND NO PORTION OF THIS MATERIAL SHALL BE COPIED OR TRANSMITTED IN PART OR IN WHOLE VIA ANY MEANS INCLUDING PHOTOCOPIER OR THE INTERNET WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM THE
More informationInheritance of Color And The Polled Trait Dr. R. R. Schalles, Dept. of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University
Inheritance of Color And The Polled Trait Dr. R. R. Schalles, Dept. of Animal Sciences and Industry Kansas State University Introduction All functions of an animal are controlled by the enzymes (and other
More informationAP Biology PowerPoint Notes Chapter 11 & 12 Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics
AP Biology PowerPoint Notes Chapter 11 & 12 Patterns of Heredity and Human Genetics Mendelism and Genotype Genotype must be considered an integrated whole of all the genes because genes often work together
More informationCell Growth and Reproduction Module B, Anchor 1
Cell Growth and Reproduction Module B, Anchor 1 Key Concepts: - The larger a cell becomes, the more demands the cell places on its DNA. In addition, a larger cell is less efficient in moving nutrients
More informationLecture 7 Mitosis & Meiosis
Lecture 7 Mitosis & Meiosis Cell Division Essential for body growth and tissue repair Interphase G 1 phase Primary cell growth phase S phase DNA replication G 2 phase Microtubule synthesis Mitosis Nuclear
More information