Basic Computer Networking

Transcription

1 Basic Computer Networking Ed Izatt

2 Operating Systems Microsoft Windows 1.0 November 1985 Windows XP (Dead 2014) Windows Vista January 2007 Windows 7 October 2009 Windows 8 October 2012 Apple OS 1 January 1984 OS 9 October 1999 OS X ( ) March Android 1.0 Beta Jelly Bean November 2007

3 Network Definitions LAN Local Area Network Devices grouped together to share resources (i.e. Internet access, printers, scanners, files, etc.) Private Secure, firewalled, limited access from outside the LAN Generally connected using Ethernet cabling 10BaseT = 10 Mbps 100BaseT = 100 Mbps 1000BaseT = 1 Gbps

4 Network Definitions WLAN Wireless Local Area Network Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) Technology that connects computers without cables Access Point (AP) A base station that connects wireless devices together Usually connected to a wired-network ESSID (Extended Service Set ID) A name for the AP, eg. Johnson Wireless Hotspot The area covered by wireless access points 300 ft inside yards outside

5 Network Definitions WLAN Wireless Local Area Network Transmission Standards b - 11Mbps g - 54Mbps a - 54Mbps n 600Mbps Security 2.4 GHz 5 GHz WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) WPA or WPA2 (Wi-Fi Protected Access) WPA/WPA2 more secure but may not be supported on older devices

6 Network Definitions Why do you want to secure your Wireless network? Shared Folders and Documents become accessible You are giving other people access to the private information that is stored on your computer Illegal activity can be traced to you!

7 Network Definitions WAN Wide Area Network A public or private computer network spanning large regions and linking different LAN s Gtelco.net

8 Broadband Services DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) A technology that provides digital data transmission over unused frequencies on traditional telephone lines Speeds Download Upload 128Kbps - 24Mbps 64Kbps 2Mbps Need a DSL modem Filters are needed to separate the voice and data signal

9 DSL Modem Connects LAN to WAN (Internet) A device used to connect a computer or router to a telephone line which has the digital subscriber line service configured, to allow the computer to connect to the Internet. Status / DSL Light Activity / Internet Light

10 Router The Traffic Director Moves traffic between LAN and WAN WAN Interface connects to the DSL Modem LAN Interfaces connect to computers Caution: DO NOT mix them up

11 IP Address Every device must have an IP address Construction A 32-bit number, arranged in 4 numbers separated by. Ex nd to last number is the domain X Allows all computers to talk to each other Last number is unique within domain Between 1 254

12 DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Servers that assigns an IP Address to your device Server selects and assigns the next available number Lease last approximately 12 hours If your device is off longer than 12 hours, the lease is lost and you are assigned a different number.

13 Private IP Addressing (LAN) Non-public routable IP ranges Examples: Generally assigned using DHCP in the Router

14 Public IP Addressing (Internet) Routable IP ranges Gtelco valid ranges: Assigned using DHCP Server at Gtelco office Can be assigned as a static IP for those that need one; meaning that it never changes.

15 DNS (Domain Name System) Servers that convert URL to IP Address Primary Secondary Conversion examples

16 Bandwidth The capacity of an electronic line, such as a communications network, to transmit data Data Rate - Measured in bits (not bytes) per second Download Speed at which you receive information from the Internet Upload Speed at which you transmit information to the Internet Examples: 6Mbps/512Kbps

17 Bandwidth Do you need more? Netflix = Mbps YouTube = Mbps Online games (Xbox Live) =.5 Kbps Skype Video Calling = 1.5 Mbps Multiple devices ipads, Kindles, Computers, etc.

18 Bandwidth Usage Caps Gtelco No Limits Verizon Share Everything Plan (4 Gb - $70.00) Netflix SD ½ hour TV Show = 400 Mb Netflix SD Streaming Movie = 700 Mb Netflix HD Streaming Movie = 1500 Mb Xbox Live = 20 Mbps/hour Pandora Radio = 54 Mbps/hour 1 Month = 1 hour per day of Xbox 1 hour per day of Pandora 2 SD TV Shows 1 SD Movie

19 Home Network (DSL Modem Connection) Splitter Wall Jack DSL Filter DSL Modem (Single Port) Note: Every telephone connection MUST be filtered! The DSL Modem must NOT be filtered

20 Home Network (single machine) Splitter/Filter Telephone Wall Jack DSL Modem (Single Port) USB/Ethernet Cable

21 Home Network (single machine) A. Keyboard Port B. Mouse Port C. Printer Port D. Serial Port E. Monitor Port F. Ethernet Port G. USB Ports L. Audio Out Port Ethernet Port

22 Home Network (multiple machines) Splitter/Filter Telephone Wall Jack Router DSL Modem (Single Port) USB/Ethernet Cable

23 Home Network (multiple machines) Splitter/Filter Telephone - Good Option - Wall Jack DSL Modem (Single Port) Ethernet Cable Router

24 Home Network (multiple machines) Splitter/Filter Telephone - Better Option - Wall Jack DSL Modem (Multi - Port)

25 Home Wireless Network Splitter/Filter Wall Jack Telephone - Good Option - Wall Jack DSL Modem Ethernet Cable Router

26 Home Wireless Network Splitter/Filter Wall Jack Telephone - Better Option - Wall Jack DSL Modem / Wireless Router Combo

27 Troubleshooting Check your IP Address Start -> Run Type CMD and press Enter In black window type ipconfig

28 Troubleshooting Check your IP Address Find the IP Address in the results If you have a router the address will be private If you don t have a router the address will be public * Notice the Gateway address

29 Troubleshooting Ping Test Start -> Run Type CMD and press Enter In black window type ping

30 Troubleshooting Ping Test Check the results there should be no loss Type CMD and press Enter In black window type ping

31 Troubleshooting Ping Test Try to ping the gateway (remember ipconfig results) Router No Router x.1

32 Troubleshooting Ping Not Working? There is a physical problem with one of the components. Turn off power to the DSL modem Turn off power to Router (if you have one) Turn off power to computer Restore power to DSL Modem (Wait for DSL light to glow steady & Internet light to begin flashing) Restore power to Router (Wait for Internet light to begin flashing) Restore power to computer Check if Internet is available now

33 Troubleshooting Ping Is Working But Internet Is Not? There is a software problem with your browser Use a different Browser (Firefox, Chrome, Safari) Start -> Control Panel -> Internet Options Connections Tab -> LAN Settings Button Check if there is a checkmark in the Use a proxy server for your LAN If there is, remove the checkmark Check if the browser is now working You May Have A Virus!