WORLD WARS COMPARE AND CONTRAST

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1 WORLD WARS COMPARE AND CONTRAST

2 Color Codes and Symbols Black Background for World War One White Background for World War Two Stared Bullet Points/ Red Text for Similarities Round Bullet Points for Differences Specific Countries Highlighted in Blue

3 Weapons Rifle: bolt-action rifle, main weapon used by British soldiers, 5 rounds per minute and people 1,400 meters away could be killed Machine Guns: Main method of killing, took most lives, took 4-6 men to work them, fire-power of 100 guns Machine Guns (Field Guns): needed up to 12 men to work them, fired shells that exploded on impact Mustard Gas: Mustard Gas fired into the trenches in shells, takes 12 hours to take effect, Effects include: blistering skin, vomiting, sore eyes, internal and external bleeding (Death can take up to 5 weeks) Tank: used for the first time at the Battle of the Somme, developed to cope with the conditions on the Western Front

4 Weapons Atomic Bombs: Used against Hiroshima and Nagasaki Tanks: early tanks of Germany technologically inferior to many of opponent's tanks in armor/ firepower, French tanks (generally) outclassed German tanks in firepower/armor in 1940 but had poor command/control doctrine, in 1940 French had one of the largest tank forced in the world along with the Soviet, British and German forces Bombs: Atomic, Mustard Gas, Napalm (first time used), GB-1s, GB-4s, Disney Rocket Bombs (Used to penetrate U-boat Shelters)

5 Over View (Weapons) WW2 weapons more modern than WW1 weapons Both used tanks WW1 weapons were more close courters weapons WW2 weapons were more long distance weapons Both WW1 and WW2 weapons very effective weapons for time

6 Tactics Trench Warfare: First time used in WW1 (New type of war, Trench battles didn t move very far in distance, British defensive doctrine stated that a main trench system of three parallel lines used/interconnected by communications trenches, temporary trenches also built ("Saps" were temporary/unmanned/often dead-end utility trenches dug into no-man's land) Sea Battles: Used, but scarce

7 Tactics Air Raids: First time civilian areas where bombed, Short Stirling was first British fourengine bomber (viewed as England s first modern bomber), Used in European Theatre Naval Battles: Used more often than in WW1, Used in Pacific Theatre, Germans has Uboats

8 Over View (Tactics) WW1 tactics where all for land WW1 tactics needed to be for a closer range than WW2 tactics WW2 tactics had to be for 3 different theaters with different needs (Ex. Naval tactics for Pacific Theatre) Both had some new tactics (Trench Warfare and the Bombing Of Civilian Areas)

9 Causes Serbia wanted to be a country Secret alliances Dislike of certain political stances (Ex. Franco and communists) Nationalism Germany wanted power

10 Causes Dictators/ Those in power wanted more power Racism was a factor (Ex. Holocaust) Appeasement ( Germany breaks rules and gets power since no one stops them) Nationalism Germany wants more power

11 Over View (Causes) Both wars had Nationalism as a cause WW2 was driven in part by racism while WW1 was not In both wars, Germany wanted more power

12 Major Battles Battle of Verdun: Germany wins decisively over France, was heaviest artillery bombardment, France had only one supply line ( sacred Way ) Battle of Jutland: Only major sea battle Battle of Somme: order to go Over the Top, Worst British loss of war (420,000)

13 Major Battles Battle of Midway: First decisive battle in Pacific Theatre, America wins over Japan Pearl Harbor: was a surprise military strike, was intended as preventive action to keep the U.S. from interfering with military actions Japan, Lead to American entry into war

14 Over View (Major Battles) WW2 Had more major sea battles than WW1 Both WW1 and WW2 had sea battles Both had land battles Both had very decisive battles

15 Literature and Poetry Written to show horrors of Trench Warfare Freedom of structure (Poetry) Shows stance on War-For or Against (Poetry) Shows a lot of feeling Concise Descriptive

16 Literature and Poetry Abandoned Tradition Disjointed Sense of alienation Opens up to Non-Western influences Not concise (ambiguious)

17 Over View (Literature/Poetry) WW1 and WW2 poetry opposites (Once concise one ambiguous)

18 Effects Land destroyed Great losses in population American: 117,465 German: 2,476,897 France: 1,697,800 British: 1,225,914

19 Effects Great Depression Land Destroyed Germany in debt People suffered form radiation poisoning due to Atomic Bombs 142,000 Jews killed in Germany alone 5,709,329 Jews killed total (in all countries) Loss in population (Civilian and military combined) Germany: 4,200,000 Japan: 2,350,000 Axis Powers Combined: 8,268,000 U.S.: 400,000 Soviet Union: 20,000,000 France: 600,000 Allied Powers Combined: 39,963,700

20 Over View (Effects) In WW1 no one was killed due to religion Land was destroyed due to both wars WW2 cost more lives than WW1 (More than double the number for Germany in WW2 than WW1) Both wars caused many lives to be lost in general

21 Summative Statement WW2 was very different than WW1 and was much worse; More lives where lost, more destructive weapons came about like the atom bombs, and the change from it being a war crime to the use/acceptance of bombing innocent civilians.

22 When I started this project, I knew the wars where going to be very different. However, I did expect them to have more similarities beyond the fact that they were both world wars and the other obvious similarities. Mustard gas was used in both wars, but was used in a bomb in WW2. World War Two used tanks more frequently than WW1, with each country having more than one type of tank. For example Germany had 8 different types of tanks, while Japan had 2) both wars included naval battles, but these where extremely more frequent in WW2 due to the war with Japan in the Pacific theater. The obvious similarities that they shared were; being world wars, the use of advanced weaponry (at the time), being devastating to the populations, and sharing the cause of Germany leaders wanting more power.

23 Just as I predicted, these wars were extremely different. WW2 cost Germany roughly twice the number of lives that WW1 cost them. The reasons behind the wars were also different. The First World War didn t have the racial/religious tension behind it like the second one. No one in the first one died due to sexual orientation, religion, or race. Roughly 5,709,329 Jews were killed, and that s not including the number of people murdered for being gay, a gypsy, or being a Jehovah s whiteness. WW1 was a war fought heavily with guns of different types. On the other hand, WW2 was fought with more tanks and bombs. The artillery of WW2 was more accurate and more destructive on a larger scale. WW2 also had more naval battles than WW1. The battles of WW1 were also less decisive than those of WW2. In WW1, the trenches didn t move very far. However, in WW2, one side would lose way more lives than another. (Think battle of midway. Four Japanese aircraft carriers and a heavy cruiser were sunk in exchange for one American aircraft carrier and a destroyer.)