Fun & Games with Systems Theory: Interactivities for Learning
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1 Fun & Games with Systems Theory: Interactivities for Learning Denise E. Dedman, Ph.D. & Kathleen Woehrle, Ph.D. University of Michigan Flint Presented March 19, 2009 at BPD Annual Conference, Phoenix, AZ
2 Systems thinking became fun and games... Over time...since early 1990s Moved from reading assignment (Anderson, Carter & Lowe) to an abridged version w/ case study Study guide / vocabulary words Class case study Toys as demo in lecture, MIT beer game Experiential learning
3
4 Kolb s model of experiential learning
5 Application of Kolb s model Concrete: play at designated stations Observation & reflection: at each station, and through discussion with peers Forming abstract concepts: journaling about the systems principles they saw Testing in new situations: applying to a case study
6 Concept Distribution Activity Principle 1: Principle 2: Principle 3: Principle 4: 3 levels of system Connected, boundaries, energy Equilibrium, feedback Context YoYo & Puzzle + + Parachute Slinky Obstacles + +
7 Principles of Systems Theory Principle 1: Levels of systems Principle 2: Systems are connected Principle 3: Systems maintain equilibrium Principle 4: Systems exist in a context
8 Principle 1: Levels of System Ecology: system Mezzosystem (meso) Macrosystem
9 Slinky
10 system An individual, group or family One s physical state The smallest social interactions within primary relationships Usually based on enduring, intimate (close) relationships
11 Mezosystem The relationships of micro systems interacting with each other The client s immediate social network Can include agency service delivery systems
12 Mezzo
13 Mezzo
14 Macrosystem The upper levels of a bureaucracy Values, cultural ideals Concerns of society on a large scale
15 Macro Mezzo
16 Principle 2: Systems are Connected Boundaries: define a system and its internal operations Open systems: permeable; allow for growth, input, output, interactions Closed systems: no input, no interactions from outside, entropy Energy exchange: systems interact through exchange of energy
17 YoYo & Puzzles
18 Principle 3: Systems maintain equilibrium Homeostatic balance--relatively fixed interaction pattern & rigid control on relationship patterns Minimal adjustments, quick return to previous state Steady state balance--dynamic balance & favors responding to environmental change Enacts flexible roles and functions, sustains these adaptations after the change has been resolved.
19 Obstacle Course
20 Pothole Homeostatic balance You maneuver around it in a quick adjustment, without changing your direction of travel, and resume your path.
21 Detour Steady state balance You must stop your direction of travel and change your route. May take a while.
22 Feedback Either there is no data (feedback) coming in (negative feedback = none) Or there is feedback (positive feedback) indicating a change (adjustment) is needed
23 Reinforcing feedback
24 Balancing feedback
25 Braking feedback
26 Principle 4: Systems exist in a context Context has two elements, time and place Time: biological, historical and political time Place: geographic, political and psychological place
27 Parachute
28 Before Columbine: Macro-system= Community, State, national beliefs & values regarding school allow Ms. Smith to take away the little knife Mike brought Mother, grands Edgar Macro After Columbine: Macro-system= State & national beliefs changed & legislation was passed to require that Mike be suspended 180 days if he brings a little knife Mike parents Mezzo Ms. Smith Principal, Sch. Bd.
29 Timeline of systems perspective in social work Hearn, Gordon (1958, 1969) van Bertalanffy, (1971) (physics and biology) Pincus & Minahan (1973) Siporin (1975) (ecological systems) Bronfenbrenner (1979) (eco. systems) Payne (2005)
30 References Ambrosino, R., Heffernan, J., Shuttlesworth, G., & Ambrosino, R. (2001). Social Work and Social Welfare: An Introduction. Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole. Anderson, R. E., Carter, I, & Lowe, G. R. (1999) Human behavior in the social environment: A social systems approach. Hawthorne, NY: Aldine de Gruyter. Li, M. & Simchi-Levi, D (2002). The web based beer game. Retrieved on June 2, 2008 from Longres, J. F. (2000). Human Behavior in The Social Environment. (3rd ed). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole. O Connor, J. & McDermott, I. (1997). The Art of Systems Thinking. San Francisco, CA: Thorsons. Senge, P. (1990). The Fifth Discipline: The Art and Practice of the Learning Organization. New York: Currency Doubleday. Smith, D. M., & Kolb, D. A. (1986). Users guide for the learning style inventory: A manual for teachers and trainers. Boston, MA: McBer & Co. [email protected]
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